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The development of civilization entails the need to find new technological solutions leading to products with new properties. Allies in these efforts are microorganisms that have developed skills to synthesize products with properties of interest to the industry, environmental remediation or water treatment. The evolution of the omics approaches brought new tools to explore the microbial diversity and microorganisms’ potential. These new methodological approaches are readily used in both industrial and environmental microbiology. This Special Issue collects research papers as well as review articles addressing recent advances on applied and environmental microbiology. The review articles critically discuss the importance of biopolymers, specifically xanthan gum, to improve soil properties and the importance that microorganisms of poorly explored environments, such as caves, may have in the production of new bioactive compounds. The microbiological aspects of wastewater treatment and occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater and sludge are studied in two research papers. These works demonstrate the effect that treatment conditions may have in the modulation of the water bacterial communities and how treated wastewater may impact the receiving environment in terms of pollution with antibiotic resistance genes. Additionally, the influence that an invasive species (alligator weed) may have on wetlands organic matter accumulation and bacterial communities was studied, being demonstrated that the presence of the invasive weed affects the wetland microhabitat both in terms of organic matter content and bacterial communities structure.

Research & information: general --- Alternanthera philoxeroide --- bacterial composition --- organic matter --- wetland --- antibiotic resistance --- wastewater --- WWTP --- ARGs --- sulfonamides --- fluoroquinolones --- intermittent aeration --- TSS-rich meat-processing wastewater --- extracellular polymeric substances --- complete denitrification --- microbial structure --- karst --- methane --- carbon dioxide --- greenhouse gases --- methanotrophy --- cave bacteria --- bioactive compounds --- geotechnical engineering --- microbiology --- biopolymer --- bioclogging --- xanthan gum --- soil improvement --- Alternanthera philoxeroide --- bacterial composition --- organic matter --- wetland --- antibiotic resistance --- wastewater --- WWTP --- ARGs --- sulfonamides --- fluoroquinolones --- intermittent aeration --- TSS-rich meat-processing wastewater --- extracellular polymeric substances --- complete denitrification --- microbial structure --- karst --- methane --- carbon dioxide --- greenhouse gases --- methanotrophy --- cave bacteria --- bioactive compounds --- geotechnical engineering --- microbiology --- biopolymer --- bioclogging --- xanthan gum --- soil improvement

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The development of civilization entails the need to find new technological solutions leading to products with new properties. Allies in these efforts are microorganisms that have developed skills to synthesize products with properties of interest to the industry, environmental remediation or water treatment. The evolution of the omics approaches brought new tools to explore the microbial diversity and microorganisms’ potential. These new methodological approaches are readily used in both industrial and environmental microbiology. This Special Issue collects research papers as well as review articles addressing recent advances on applied and environmental microbiology. The review articles critically discuss the importance of biopolymers, specifically xanthan gum, to improve soil properties and the importance that microorganisms of poorly explored environments, such as caves, may have in the production of new bioactive compounds. The microbiological aspects of wastewater treatment and occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater and sludge are studied in two research papers. These works demonstrate the effect that treatment conditions may have in the modulation of the water bacterial communities and how treated wastewater may impact the receiving environment in terms of pollution with antibiotic resistance genes. Additionally, the influence that an invasive species (alligator weed) may have on wetlands organic matter accumulation and bacterial communities was studied, being demonstrated that the presence of the invasive weed affects the wetland microhabitat both in terms of organic matter content and bacterial communities structure.

Alternanthera philoxeroide --- bacterial composition --- organic matter --- wetland --- antibiotic resistance --- wastewater --- WWTP --- ARGs --- sulfonamides --- fluoroquinolones --- intermittent aeration --- TSS-rich meat-processing wastewater --- extracellular polymeric substances --- complete denitrification --- microbial structure --- karst --- methane --- carbon dioxide --- greenhouse gases --- methanotrophy --- cave bacteria --- bioactive compounds --- geotechnical engineering --- microbiology --- biopolymer --- bioclogging --- xanthan gum --- soil improvement --- n/a

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This Special Issue is aimed at presenting the state of the art of the multidisciplinary science concerning all aspects of volcanic plumes, of relevance to the volcanology, climatology, atmospheric science, and remote sensing communities.

alginate --- gas diffusion method --- bubble-column scrubber --- X-ray diffraction --- phosphorylated chitin --- calcite --- calcium carbonate --- sedimentary model --- composite --- urease --- Amu Darya Basin --- sericin --- aragonite --- ammonia bicarbonate --- capture --- hydrogels --- bacterial extracellular secretion --- MICP --- carbonation --- SEM --- multi-wall carbon nanotubes --- micromechanics --- Lessonia nigrescens --- biomineralization --- Bacillus subtilis --- CO2 --- Sporosarcina pasteurii --- CaCO3 --- mass-transfer coefficient --- hierarchic structure --- main controlling factors --- carbon dioxide --- surface energy --- Callovian-Oxfordian --- contact angle --- potentiometric titration --- xanthan --- cement --- crystallization --- nacre --- reservoir --- electrocrystallization

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This book is comprised of important reviews and cutting-edge original research papers concerning electrospun and electrosprayed formulations in drug delivery. Electrospinning and electrospraying have, in recent years, attracted increasing attention in the pharmaceutical sector, with research in the area advancing rapidly. It is now possible to prepare extremely complex systems using multi-fluid processes, and to increase production rates to an industrial scale. Electrospun formulations can be produced under GMP conditions and are in clinical trials. In this volume, we explore a range of topics around electrospinning and electrospraying in controlled drug delivery. Four reviews cover the exciting potential of cyclodextrin-containing fibers and the many potential biomedical applications of electrospun fibers. The use of electrospinning to prepare amorphous systems and improve the dissolution rate and solubility of poorly soluble active ingredients is addressed, and the possibilities of such materials in tissue engineering are comprehensively covered. The six original research papers cover the effect of molecular properties on API release from Eudragit-based electrospun fibers; ferulic acid solid dispersions; electrospun medicines to treat psoriasis; scale up of electrospinning and its use to produce low-dose tablets; transepithelial permeation of drugs released from electrospun fibers, and the possibilities for the synergistic chemophotothermal treatment of cancer.

tissue engineering --- cyclodextrin --- permeability --- poly (vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) --- crystalline --- antibacterial --- drug delivery --- homogenization --- capsaicin --- combination therapy --- high-shear mixing --- cyclodextrin-inclusion complexes --- amorphous --- high-speed electrospinning --- PMVE/MA --- aqueous solubility enhancement --- sieve analysis --- Raman mapping --- Eudragit --- nanofibers --- psoriasis --- PCL --- essential oils --- parameters --- antibiotics --- xanthan gum --- carvedilol --- amorphous composite --- coaxial electrospinning --- insoluble drug --- NIR-triggered drug release --- fast dissolution --- electrospinning --- oral drug delivery --- electrospun nanofibers --- poly-cyclodextrin --- TRPV1 --- gallic acid --- solid dispersion --- photothermal therapy --- drug release --- applications --- Drug delivery systems. --- Electrospinning. --- Nanoparticles. --- Nano-particles --- NPs (Nanoparticles) --- Nanoscale particles --- Nanostructured materials --- Particles --- Spinning --- Delivery systems, Drug --- Drug administration technology --- Drug delivery technology --- Drugs --- Pharmaceutical technology --- Delivery systems

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When food is ingested, it remains in the mouth for a short period of time. Although this period is brief compared to the total food nutrient digestion and absorption time, it is crucially important, as it is the first step in digestion. It is also very important that, while the food is in the mouth, it is perceived by the senses and then a decision is made on swallowing. Oral sensory perception is an integrative response, which is generated in very short time (normally a few seconds) from complex information gathered from multiple sources during mastication and swallowing. Consequently, food oral processing studies include many orientations. This Special Issue brings together a small range of studies with a diversity of approaches that provide good examples of the complexity and multidisciplinarity of the subject.

lipoprotein matrix --- chewing simulator --- aroma compound --- in vitro --- oral parameters --- flavor release --- particle size --- in vitro oral fragmentation --- oral phase of starch hydrolysis --- texture --- compression test --- artificial tongue --- fracture --- soft machine --- gellan gum gels --- care food --- temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) --- temporal check-all-that-apply (TCATA) --- pureed foods --- carrots --- starch --- xanthan --- oral processing --- dynamic perception --- International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) --- wine texture --- body --- viscosity --- density --- trained and expert panel --- TCATA --- malnutrition --- sensorimotor readiness --- complementary porridge --- infant --- mastication --- swallowing --- temporal dynamic measurements --- in-mouth sensory perception