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With the rapid evolution of the wireless communications, fifth-generation (5G) communication has received much attention from both academia and industry, with many reported efforts and research outputs and significant improvements in different aspects, such as data rate speed and resolution, mobility, latency, etc. In some countries, the commercialization of 5G communication has already started as well as initial research of beyond technologies such as 6G.MIMO technology with multiple antennas is a promising technology to obtain the requirements of 5G/6G communications. It can significantly enhance the system capacity and resist multipath fading, and has become a hot spot in the field of wireless communications. This technology is a key component and probably the most established to truly reach the promised transfer data rates of future communication systems. In MIMO systems, multiple antennas are deployed at both the transmitter and receiver sides. The greater number of antennas can make the system more resistant to intentional jamming and interference. Massive MIMO with an especially high number of antennas can reduce energy consumption by targeting signals to individual users utilizing beamforming.Apart from sub-6 GHz frequency bands, 5G/6G devices are also expected to cover millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) spectra. However, moving to higher bands will bring new challenges and will certainly require careful consideration of the antenna design for smart devices. Compact antennas arranged as conformal, planar, and linear arrays can be employed at different portions of base stations and user equipment to form phased arrays with high gain and directional radiation beams. The objective of this Special Issue is to cover all aspects of antenna designs used in existing or future wireless communication systems. The aim is to highlight recent advances, current trends, and possible future developments of 5G/6G antennas.

double-fed slot antenna --- MIMO system --- mobile terminals --- polarization diversity --- UWB technology --- 5G --- future handsets --- modified PIFA --- multi-antenna system --- multi-band operation --- MIMO --- 5G mobile handsets --- dual-band antenna --- microstrip patch antenna --- millimeter-wave --- high gain --- transmitarray (TA) antenna --- metasurface (MS) --- PSO --- side-lobe level (SLL) reduction --- lens antenna --- negative refractive index --- multibeam --- beam scanning --- beyond-5G --- 6G --- interference alignment --- K-User MIMO --- OFDM --- wideband antenna --- MIMO antenna --- four-port wideband antenna --- substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) --- transmission zeros (TZs) --- metallic via --- coupling topology --- antenna array --- antenna measurements --- beam pattern --- beam steering --- equivalent circuit modelling --- transmitarray --- chirality --- dielectric resonator antennas --- metasurfaces --- antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) --- millimeter wave --- compact --- 5G applications --- corrugations --- reconfigurable antennas --- reconfigurable parasitic layers --- antenna optimization --- antenna design --- nonlinear characterization --- behavioral modelling --- x-parameters --- PIN diode --- dielectric resonator antenna --- aperture coupled --- 26 GHz --- small cell --- active metamaterial antenna --- continuous tuning --- resonance blindness --- EM co-simulation --- nonlinear property --- phased array --- massive MIMO --- wideband array --- triangular grid --- n/a

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This Special Issue book includes one review and eleven research articles. This review presents the results of studies on the noble metal forms in pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and greenockite and summarizes the distribution and speciations of noble metals in base metal sulfides of Au and Au-bearing deposits of the Urals (Russia). Nine research articles are devoted to studying gold mineralization at different types of gold deposits and the characterization of the conditions of its formation. The typomorphism of placer gold and its distribution mechanisms in the east of the Siberian Platform were studied, and the diagnostic method and morphogenetic criteria for identifying the genesis of placers and different sources in the platform areas were proposed in other research articles. One research article presents an experimental study of Pt solubility in a CO-CO2-rich fluid. These studies contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of Au, Ag, and other noble metals; their forms in ore-forming systems; and the genesis of ore deposits. I sincerely appreciate the efforts and contributions of the Authors and Reviewers and would also like to express gratitude to the Editor-in-Chief, other Editors, and Assistant Editors of Minerals for their help.

Research & information: general --- Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning --- tourmaline --- geochemistry --- ore-forming process --- Laodou gold deposit --- West Qinling Orogen --- Central Kamchatka Volcanic Belt --- HS epithermal deposit --- maletoyvayamite-quartz association --- fluid inclusions --- gold --- Fennoscandian Shield --- Kolmozero-Voronya belt --- Oleninskoe Au-Ag deposit --- Pellapahk porphyry deposit --- alteration, gold --- silver --- Arctic --- epithermal mineralization --- Corrida deposit (Chukchi Peninsula, Russia) --- LS‐type of deposits --- Au‐Ag‐S‐Se‐Cl‐Br mineralization --- physicochemical parameters of ore formation (Т, Р, fO2, fS2, fSe2, pH) --- oxide ore --- weathering --- supergene gold --- Olympiada gold deposit --- Yenisei Ridge --- mineral exploration --- platinum --- mafic-ultramafic intrusion --- carbonic fluid --- isoferroplatinum --- platinum carbonyl --- placer gold --- aeolian gold --- experiments simulated aeolian environment --- morphological and other typomorphic features --- morphogenetic criteria ore sources genesis --- LA-ICP-MS --- invisible gold --- trace elements --- pyrite --- arsenopyrite --- metasomatite --- orogenic gold deposit --- Khangalas --- northeast Russia --- Chudnoe deposit (Russia) --- Au-Pd-REE mineralization --- chemistry of native gold --- Au-Cu intermetallides --- P,T,X parameters of ore-forming fluids --- sulphides --- LA-ICPMS --- synthesis --- gold deposits --- VMS deposits --- Urals --- native gold --- fluid-explosive breccia --- Vorontsovskoe gold deposit --- Northern Urals --- Turyinsk-Auerbakh metallogenic province --- Vorontsovsko-Peshchanskaya porphyry system --- rare Tl and Hg sulfosalts --- tellurides --- Au-Bi-Te --- Au-Ag-Te and mixed Au-Ag-Bi-Te mineral types --- igneous activity --- alkaline magmatism --- metasomatites --- Aldan Shield --- tourmaline --- geochemistry --- ore-forming process --- Laodou gold deposit --- West Qinling Orogen --- Central Kamchatka Volcanic Belt --- HS epithermal deposit --- maletoyvayamite-quartz association --- fluid inclusions --- gold --- Fennoscandian Shield --- Kolmozero-Voronya belt --- Oleninskoe Au-Ag deposit --- Pellapahk porphyry deposit --- alteration, gold --- silver --- Arctic --- epithermal mineralization --- Corrida deposit (Chukchi Peninsula, Russia) --- LS‐type of deposits --- Au‐Ag‐S‐Se‐Cl‐Br mineralization --- physicochemical parameters of ore formation (Т, Р, fO2, fS2, fSe2, pH) --- oxide ore --- weathering --- supergene gold --- Olympiada gold deposit --- Yenisei Ridge --- mineral exploration --- platinum --- mafic-ultramafic intrusion --- carbonic fluid --- isoferroplatinum --- platinum carbonyl --- placer gold --- aeolian gold --- experiments simulated aeolian environment --- morphological and other typomorphic features --- morphogenetic criteria ore sources genesis --- LA-ICP-MS --- invisible gold --- trace elements --- pyrite --- arsenopyrite --- metasomatite --- orogenic gold deposit --- Khangalas --- northeast Russia --- Chudnoe deposit (Russia) --- Au-Pd-REE mineralization --- chemistry of native gold --- Au-Cu intermetallides --- P,T,X parameters of ore-forming fluids --- sulphides --- LA-ICPMS --- synthesis --- gold deposits --- VMS deposits --- Urals --- native gold --- fluid-explosive breccia --- Vorontsovskoe gold deposit --- Northern Urals --- Turyinsk-Auerbakh metallogenic province --- Vorontsovsko-Peshchanskaya porphyry system --- rare Tl and Hg sulfosalts --- tellurides --- Au-Bi-Te --- Au-Ag-Te and mixed Au-Ag-Bi-Te mineral types --- igneous activity --- alkaline magmatism --- metasomatites --- Aldan Shield

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• Reference Manager
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With the rapid evolution of the wireless communications, fifth-generation (5G) communication has received much attention from both academia and industry, with many reported efforts and research outputs and significant improvements in different aspects, such as data rate speed and resolution, mobility, latency, etc. In some countries, the commercialization of 5G communication has already started as well as initial research of beyond technologies such as 6G.MIMO technology with multiple antennas is a promising technology to obtain the requirements of 5G/6G communications. It can significantly enhance the system capacity and resist multipath fading, and has become a hot spot in the field of wireless communications. This technology is a key component and probably the most established to truly reach the promised transfer data rates of future communication systems. In MIMO systems, multiple antennas are deployed at both the transmitter and receiver sides. The greater number of antennas can make the system more resistant to intentional jamming and interference. Massive MIMO with an especially high number of antennas can reduce energy consumption by targeting signals to individual users utilizing beamforming.Apart from sub-6 GHz frequency bands, 5G/6G devices are also expected to cover millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) spectra. However, moving to higher bands will bring new challenges and will certainly require careful consideration of the antenna design for smart devices. Compact antennas arranged as conformal, planar, and linear arrays can be employed at different portions of base stations and user equipment to form phased arrays with high gain and directional radiation beams. The objective of this Special Issue is to cover all aspects of antenna designs used in existing or future wireless communication systems. The aim is to highlight recent advances, current trends, and possible future developments of 5G/6G antennas.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- double-fed slot antenna --- MIMO system --- mobile terminals --- polarization diversity --- UWB technology --- 5G --- future handsets --- modified PIFA --- multi-antenna system --- multi-band operation --- MIMO --- 5G mobile handsets --- dual-band antenna --- microstrip patch antenna --- millimeter-wave --- high gain --- transmitarray (TA) antenna --- metasurface (MS) --- PSO --- side-lobe level (SLL) reduction --- lens antenna --- negative refractive index --- multibeam --- beam scanning --- beyond-5G --- 6G --- interference alignment --- K-User MIMO --- OFDM --- wideband antenna --- MIMO antenna --- four-port wideband antenna --- substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) --- transmission zeros (TZs) --- metallic via --- coupling topology --- antenna array --- antenna measurements --- beam pattern --- beam steering --- equivalent circuit modelling --- transmitarray --- chirality --- dielectric resonator antennas --- metasurfaces --- antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) --- millimeter wave --- compact --- 5G applications --- corrugations --- reconfigurable antennas --- reconfigurable parasitic layers --- antenna optimization --- antenna design --- nonlinear characterization --- behavioral modelling --- x-parameters --- PIN diode --- dielectric resonator antenna --- aperture coupled --- 26 GHz --- small cell --- active metamaterial antenna --- continuous tuning --- resonance blindness --- EM co-simulation --- nonlinear property --- phased array --- massive MIMO --- wideband array --- triangular grid --- n/a