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Fraud and manipulation in prediction markets are systematic results of incentive incompatibility, which, if present, have to be detected and balanced. ""Manipulations in Prediction Markets"" gives a critical insight into manipulations that are most likely to occur in prediction markets. In a general approach the book discusses the issue of incentives in markets and the breakdown of the incentive system. On this basis a new way of detecting irregular trading behaviour is introduced.

Wisdom of Crowds --- Social Network Analysis --- Manipulations --- Incentive Systems --- Prediction Markets

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Research on intelligent agents and multi-agent systems has matured during the past decade, and many effective applications of this technology are currently being deployed. Although computational approaches for multi-agent systems have mainly emerged in the past few decades, scholars have been prolific with regard to the variety of methods proposed to solve this paradigm. Different communities have emerged with multi-agent systems as their main research topic. Multi-agent systems allow the development of distributed and intelligent applications in complex and dynamic environments. Systems of this kind play a crucial role in life, evidenced by the broad range of applied areas involved in their use, including manufacturing, management sciences, e-commerce, and biotechnology. There are many reasons for the interest of researchers in this new discipline. Firstly, computational systems have gradually shifted towards a distributed paradigm where heterogeneous entities with different goals can enter and leave the system dynamically and interact with each other. Secondly, new computational systems should be able to negotiate with one another, typically on the behalf of humans, in order to come to mutually acceptable agreements. As a consequence, autonomy, interaction, mobility, and openness are key concepts studied in the area. The purpose of this book is to document some of the advances made in this paradigm and attempt to show the current state of this technology by analyzing different aspects in addition its possible application in various domains. This review of the current state-of-the-art does not intend to make an exhaustive exploration of all the current existing works but, rather, to try to give an overview of the research in agent technology, showing the high level of activity of this area.

History of engineering & technology --- multi-robot --- consensus problem --- formation control --- noise --- time delay --- unmanned surface vehicles --- multi-agent system --- training system --- genetic-based fuzzy rule learning --- intelligent autonomous control --- modeling and simulation --- multi-agent systems --- smart city development --- spatiotemporal modeling --- actor–network theory --- geoparticipation --- social interactions --- simulation model --- photovoltaic energy --- parameter fine-tuning --- self-reported behaviour --- predictive model --- multi-agent planning and scheduling --- potential game --- equilibrium selection --- interoperability --- multiagent systems --- organizational models --- agent-based collective intelligence --- multi-agent complex systems --- scale-free properties --- power law distribution --- biologically inspired approaches and methods --- collective foraging --- physics-based simulation --- methodologies for agent-based systems --- multi-robot simulation --- discrete event simulator --- agent and multi-agent applications --- classification --- prediction --- multi-agent --- wisdom-of-crowds --- Hollywood --- feature-extension --- collective-intelligence --- swarm --- educational games --- game design --- situated psychological agents --- education --- competences --- decision support system --- agent based modeling and simulation --- production scheduling --- green coffee supply chain --- agent-based modeling --- agent-based simulation --- decision support

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Research on intelligent agents and multi-agent systems has matured during the past decade, and many effective applications of this technology are currently being deployed. Although computational approaches for multi-agent systems have mainly emerged in the past few decades, scholars have been prolific with regard to the variety of methods proposed to solve this paradigm. Different communities have emerged with multi-agent systems as their main research topic. Multi-agent systems allow the development of distributed and intelligent applications in complex and dynamic environments. Systems of this kind play a crucial role in life, evidenced by the broad range of applied areas involved in their use, including manufacturing, management sciences, e-commerce, and biotechnology. There are many reasons for the interest of researchers in this new discipline. Firstly, computational systems have gradually shifted towards a distributed paradigm where heterogeneous entities with different goals can enter and leave the system dynamically and interact with each other. Secondly, new computational systems should be able to negotiate with one another, typically on the behalf of humans, in order to come to mutually acceptable agreements. As a consequence, autonomy, interaction, mobility, and openness are key concepts studied in the area. The purpose of this book is to document some of the advances made in this paradigm and attempt to show the current state of this technology by analyzing different aspects in addition its possible application in various domains. This review of the current state-of-the-art does not intend to make an exhaustive exploration of all the current existing works but, rather, to try to give an overview of the research in agent technology, showing the high level of activity of this area.

History of engineering & technology --- multi-robot --- consensus problem --- formation control --- noise --- time delay --- unmanned surface vehicles --- multi-agent system --- training system --- genetic-based fuzzy rule learning --- intelligent autonomous control --- modeling and simulation --- multi-agent systems --- smart city development --- spatiotemporal modeling --- actor–network theory --- geoparticipation --- social interactions --- simulation model --- photovoltaic energy --- parameter fine-tuning --- self-reported behaviour --- predictive model --- multi-agent planning and scheduling --- potential game --- equilibrium selection --- interoperability --- multiagent systems --- organizational models --- agent-based collective intelligence --- multi-agent complex systems --- scale-free properties --- power law distribution --- biologically inspired approaches and methods --- collective foraging --- physics-based simulation --- methodologies for agent-based systems --- multi-robot simulation --- discrete event simulator --- agent and multi-agent applications --- classification --- prediction --- multi-agent --- wisdom-of-crowds --- Hollywood --- feature-extension --- collective-intelligence --- swarm --- educational games --- game design --- situated psychological agents --- education --- competences --- decision support system --- agent based modeling and simulation --- production scheduling --- green coffee supply chain --- agent-based modeling --- agent-based simulation --- decision support --- multi-robot --- consensus problem --- formation control --- noise --- time delay --- unmanned surface vehicles --- multi-agent system --- training system --- genetic-based fuzzy rule learning --- intelligent autonomous control --- modeling and simulation --- multi-agent systems --- smart city development --- spatiotemporal modeling --- actor–network theory --- geoparticipation --- social interactions --- simulation model --- photovoltaic energy --- parameter fine-tuning --- self-reported behaviour --- predictive model --- multi-agent planning and scheduling --- potential game --- equilibrium selection --- interoperability --- multiagent systems --- organizational models --- agent-based collective intelligence --- multi-agent complex systems --- scale-free properties --- power law distribution --- biologically inspired approaches and methods --- collective foraging --- physics-based simulation --- methodologies for agent-based systems --- multi-robot simulation --- discrete event simulator --- agent and multi-agent applications --- classification --- prediction --- multi-agent --- wisdom-of-crowds --- Hollywood --- feature-extension --- collective-intelligence --- swarm --- educational games --- game design --- situated psychological agents --- education --- competences --- decision support system --- agent based modeling and simulation --- production scheduling --- green coffee supply chain --- agent-based modeling --- agent-based simulation --- decision support

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An essential guide to recognizing bogus numbers and misleading dataNumbers are often intimidating, confusing, and even deliberately deceptive-especially when they are really big. The media loves to report on millions, billions, and trillions, but frequently makes basic mistakes or presents such numbers in misleading ways. And misunderstanding numbers can have serious consequences, since they can deceive us in many of our most important decisions, including how to vote, what to buy, and whether to make a financial investment. In this short, accessible, enlightening, and entertaining book, leading computer scientist Brian Kernighan teaches anyone-even diehard math-phobes-how to demystify the numbers that assault us every day.With examples drawn from a rich variety of sources, including journalism, advertising, and politics, Kernighan demonstrates how numbers can mislead and misrepresent. In chapters covering big numbers, units, dimensions, and more, he lays bare everything from deceptive graphs to speciously precise numbers. And he shows how anyone-using a few basic ideas and lots of shortcuts-can easily learn to recognize common mistakes, determine whether numbers are credible, and make their own sensible estimates when needed.Giving you the simple tools you need to avoid being fooled by dubious numbers, Millions, Billions, Zillions is an essential survival guide for a world drowning in big-and often bad-data.

Numbers, Complex. --- Data mining. --- Algorithmic knowledge discovery --- Factual data analysis --- KDD (Information retrieval) --- Knowledge discovery in data --- Knowledge discovery in databases --- Mining, Data --- Database searching --- Complex numbers --- Imaginary quantities --- Quantities, Imaginary --- Algebra, Universal --- Quaternions --- Vector analysis --- A picture is worth a thousand words. --- AARP. --- American Medical Association. --- Approximation. --- Arithmetic mean. --- Arithmetic. --- Associated Press. --- Baby boomers. --- Back-of-the-envelope calculation. --- Barrel (unit). --- Birth rate. --- Blogger (service). --- Body surface area. --- Breast cancer. --- Calculation. --- Celsius. --- Centenarian. --- Computation. --- Consumer Reports. --- Corporate tax. --- Correlation does not imply causation. --- Daniel Kahneman. --- Darrell Huff. --- Dilbert. --- Dot-com bubble. --- Economics. --- Edward Tufte. --- Error. --- Estimation. --- Exabyte. --- Exponential growth. --- FLOPS. --- Factoid. --- Fermi problem. --- Gigabyte. --- Half Gone. --- Headline. --- Hectare. --- Home computer. --- How to Lie with Statistics. --- Hulu. --- Identity theft. --- Inception. --- Inflation. --- Innumeracy (book). --- Jeff Bezos. --- John Maynard Keynes. --- Just in case. --- Kilobit. --- Kilogram. --- Life expectancy. --- Little's law. --- Millionth. --- Mortality rate. --- My Local. --- Naomi Wolf. --- National Rifle Association. --- Net worth. --- Newspaper. --- Newsweek. --- Nobel Prize. --- Order of magnitude. --- Outright. --- Percentage point. --- Percentage. --- Petabit. --- Petabyte. --- Population growth. --- Pound sterling. --- Power of 10. --- Quadrillion. --- Quantity. --- Ranking (information retrieval). --- Result. --- Round number. --- Rule of 72. --- Sampling bias. --- School bus. --- Scientific notation. --- Square foot. --- Square yard. --- Strategic Petroleum Reserve (United States). --- Tax cut. --- Tax. --- Technology. --- Terabit. --- The Beauty Myth. --- The Colbert Report. --- The New York Times. --- The Wisdom of Crowds. --- The World's Billionaires. --- U.S. News & World Report. --- Ultra-high-definition television. --- Unemployment. --- W. E. B. Du Bois. --- Warren Buffett. --- With high probability. --- Year. --- Your Computer (British magazine). --- Zettabyte. --- Mathematics --- Mathematics in mass media --- Critical thinking --- Statistics --- Big data --- Million (The number) --- Billion (The number) --- Evaluation --- Methodology