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Electric welding --- Inert gas welding --- Welding machines --- Weld metal --- Arc welding --- Electrodes.

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The papers collected in this special issue clearly reflect the modern research trends in materials science. These fields of specific attention are high-Mn TWIP steels, high-Cr heat resistant steels, aluminum alloys, ultrafine grained materials including those developed by severe plastic deformation, and high-entropy alloys. The major portion of the collected papers is focused on the mechanisms of microstructure evolution and the mechanical properties of metallic materials subjected to various thermo-mechanical, deformation or heat treatments. Another large portion of the studies is aimed on the elaboration of alloying design of advanced steels and alloys. The changes in phase content, transformation and particle precipitation and their effect on the properties are also broadly presented in this collection, including the microstructure/property changes caused by irradiation.

n/a --- microstructure --- high-pressure torsion --- electron backscattered diffraction --- grain boundary engineering --- strengthening mechanism --- precipitation --- recrystallization --- bimodal ferrite steel --- transmission electron microscopy (TEM) --- hot compression --- metal–matrix composite --- columnar grain --- shape memory alloy --- hardness --- structural steel plate --- dynamic recovery --- nonmetallic inclusions --- SEM --- Cu-Al-Mn --- ferritic steel --- strain rate --- strengthening --- elastocaloric effect --- Mg–Sm–Zn–Zr --- dynamic recrystallization --- growth rate --- corrosion resistance --- lead-free solder --- high-Mn TWIP steel --- Sn-8.0Sb-3.0Ag --- SDSS --- measuring temperature --- texture --- martensitic steels --- dynamic precipitation --- nanoindentation --- Al-Fe-Si-Zr system --- low-temperature --- orientation relationship --- M23C6 --- PWHT --- grain refinement --- force peak --- aging --- cycle time --- amorphization --- Al metal matrix composites --- aluminum alloys --- in situ tensile testing --- microstructure evolution --- Cu-Cr-Zr --- irradiation --- EBSD --- welded rotor --- ?-phase --- high-entropy alloys --- creep --- martensitic expansion --- super duplex stainless steel --- mechanical properties --- high-Mn steel --- ion irradiation --- austenitic 304 stainless steels --- impact toughness --- cold rolling --- ultrafine-grained microstructure --- press hardening --- mechanical property --- recovery --- annealing --- deformation twinning --- post-weld heat treatment --- rare earth control --- abnormal grain growth --- electron microscopy --- sub-merged arc welding --- M6C --- RAFM steels --- microstructure analysis --- electrical resistivity --- twinning --- Sb solder --- work hardening --- microhardness --- hot stamping --- weld metal --- electrical conductivity --- solder microstructure --- annealing twins --- metal-matrix composite --- Mg-Sm-Zn-Zr