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Unikernels are a recent virtualization solution providing lightweight, single-purpose virtual machines for the cloud with excellent performance in terms of throughput, memory consumption, boot time and a reduced attack surface, to name a few metrics. They leverage specialization and the use of minimalistic Operating Systems (OSes) to achieve these goals. However, their fundamental drawback is that they require applications to be manually ported to them, often requiring significant engineering work. Unikraft aims to solve these issues by providing a framework for building highly specialized and optimized unikernel images, where only the relevant components from the kernel and libraries are included.

With system calls, applications can invoke the different services provided by the OS. In a traditional OS these system calls are expensive, while with unikernels they are equivalent to regular function calls. 
Often, on a unikernel, these syscalls are not yet implemented and the applications might break without them. In this master thesis, system call kill to send any signal to a process and system call futex for fast users-space locking are ported to Unikraft.
At the moment, there are over 146 syscalls implemented, which is already enough to run a rich set of mainstream applications, frameworks and languages.

virtualization, --- virtual machine, --- unikernel, --- Unikraft, --- operating system, --- system call, --- futex --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Sciences informatiques

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In atemberaubender Geschwindigkeit haben sich die neuen Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien einen zentralen Platz im Leben der meisten Menschen erobert. Das virtuelle Überwinden großer räumlicher Entfernungen ist damit zur Selbstverständlichkeit geworden. Mehr und mehr überholt sich die Vorstellung der langfristigen Bindung an einen Ort. Alain Bourdin, Frank Eckardt und Andrew Wood zeigen: Auch Urbanität hat sich von ihrem physischen Kontext und ihrem räumlichen Ursprung zu lösen begonnen und sich um Dimensionen der Virtualität erweitert. Die Virtualisierung des Urbanen relativiert nicht nur die traditionelle Räumlichkeit der Stadt. Auch das Bild der planbaren Stadt erweist sich als eine historisch gewordene Fiktion der Moderne. »Der Band will eine Vielfalt an Annäherungen an ein vages Themenspektrum schaffen. In der Anerkennung einer erheblichen Verunsicherung des bestehenden Wissens von und über Stadt liegt Potential. Keine Vision oder Leitbild für die Stadt der Zukunft, sondern ein Buch über die prozesshaften Beschreibungen und vorhandenen Imaginationen der Stadt, das im Besonderen liegt. Stadtsoziologen, Geographen, Architekten und Medienwissenschaftler sollten dieses Werk ganz weit oben auf den Bücherstapel legen.« Damian Paderta, Kritische Ausgabe, 19.12.2014 »Beeindruckende Beispiele medienwissenschaftlicher Analysen [...] in der konsequenten Anwendung medienwissenschaftlicher Fragestellungen im Rahmen von Architekturtheorie und Stadtplanung.« Angela Krewani, MEDIENwissenschaft, 1 (2015) »Anspruchsvolle Lektüre.« Nicole Bindreiter, Kunst und Kirche, 54 (2014) »Ein buntes Kaleidoskop mit Hunderten bedenkenswerter Einfälle. Allen stadtforschenden Disziplinen und Professionen zu empfehlen. Das Buch gehört unbedingt in die Hochschulbibliotheken von Sozial- und Medienwissenschaften, Architektur und Stadtplanung.« Lilo Schmitz, www.socialnet.de, 19.08.2014 »Ein anregendes Buch.« Simone Kraft, Magazine on Art and Architecture, 5 (2014) Besprochen in: Planerin, 3 (2014) Fraunhofer IRB, 7 (2014) AKP, 5 (2015), Dieter Emig

City and town life. --- Urbanization. --- Virtual reality. --- Public spaces. --- Public places --- Social areas --- Urban public spaces --- Urban spaces --- Cities and towns --- Environments, Virtual --- Virtual environments --- Virtual worlds --- Computer simulation --- Reality --- Cities and towns, Movement to --- Urban development --- Urban systems --- Social history --- Sociology, Rural --- Sociology, Urban --- Urban policy --- Rural-urban migration --- City life --- Town life --- Urban life --- Stadt. --- Urbanität. --- Virtuelle Realität. --- Öffentlicher Raum. --- Stadt; Medien; Virtualisierung; Moderne; Stadtforschung; Urban Studies; Raum; Soziologie; Urbanity; Media; Virtualization; Modernity; Space; Sociology --- Media. --- Modernity. --- Sociology. --- Space. --- Urban Studies. --- Virtualization.

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This book focuses on all the technologies involved in improving the teaching and learning process of some of the sensor-based IoT topics, such as virtual sensors, simulated data acquisition, virtual and remote labs for IoT sensing, gamification experiences and innovative teaching materials, among others. In particular, the articles inside the book show excellent works about hot topics, such as: - Remote labs for IoT teaching, including the full development cycle. - Practical guides for IoT cybersecurity. - Innovative multimodal learning analytics architecture that builds on software-defined networks and network function virtualization principles. - Problem-based learning experiences using designed complex sensor-based IoT ecosystems with sensors, actuators, microcontrollers, plants, soils and irrigation systems. - Block-based programming extensions to facilitate the creation of mobile apps for smart learning experiences. The articles published in this book present only some of the most important topics about sensor-based IoT learning and teaching. However, the selected papers offer significant studies and promising environments.

History of engineering & technology --- Internet of Things (IoT) --- mobile apps --- end-user development --- App Inventor --- block-based languages --- map-reduce --- computer-based systems --- environmental awareness --- Industry 4.0 --- Internet of Things --- irrigation systems --- planter --- project-based-learning --- smart learning environments --- teamwork --- smart classrooms --- educational technology --- multimodal learning analytics --- internet of things --- multisensorial networks --- IoT --- cybersecurity --- Shodan --- teaching methodology --- use case based learning --- security audit --- vulnerabilities --- cyber-attacks --- vulnerability assessment --- web of things --- IoT learning --- cloud computing --- protocols --- virtualization --- instructional design --- Internet of Things (IoT) --- mobile apps --- end-user development --- App Inventor --- block-based languages --- map-reduce --- computer-based systems --- environmental awareness --- Industry 4.0 --- Internet of Things --- irrigation systems --- planter --- project-based-learning --- smart learning environments --- teamwork --- smart classrooms --- educational technology --- multimodal learning analytics --- internet of things --- multisensorial networks --- IoT --- cybersecurity --- Shodan --- teaching methodology --- use case based learning --- security audit --- vulnerabilities --- cyber-attacks --- vulnerability assessment --- web of things --- IoT learning --- cloud computing --- protocols --- virtualization --- instructional design

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This book focuses on all the technologies involved in improving the teaching and learning process of some of the sensor-based IoT topics, such as virtual sensors, simulated data acquisition, virtual and remote labs for IoT sensing, gamification experiences and innovative teaching materials, among others. In particular, the articles inside the book show excellent works about hot topics, such as: - Remote labs for IoT teaching, including the full development cycle. - Practical guides for IoT cybersecurity. - Innovative multimodal learning analytics architecture that builds on software-defined networks and network function virtualization principles. - Problem-based learning experiences using designed complex sensor-based IoT ecosystems with sensors, actuators, microcontrollers, plants, soils and irrigation systems. - Block-based programming extensions to facilitate the creation of mobile apps for smart learning experiences. The articles published in this book present only some of the most important topics about sensor-based IoT learning and teaching. However, the selected papers offer significant studies and promising environments.

Internet of Things (IoT) --- mobile apps --- end-user development --- App Inventor --- block-based languages --- map-reduce --- computer-based systems --- environmental awareness --- Industry 4.0 --- Internet of Things --- irrigation systems --- planter --- project-based-learning --- smart learning environments --- teamwork --- smart classrooms --- educational technology --- multimodal learning analytics --- internet of things --- multisensorial networks --- IoT --- cybersecurity --- Shodan --- teaching methodology --- use case based learning --- security audit --- vulnerabilities --- cyber-attacks --- vulnerability assessment --- web of things --- IoT learning --- cloud computing --- protocols --- virtualization --- instructional design

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The Industrial Internet of Things (Industrial IoT—IIoT) has emerged as the core construct behind the various cyber-physical systems constituting a principal dimension of the fourth Industrial Revolution. While initially born as the concept behind specific industrial applications of generic IoT technologies, for the optimization of operational efficiency in automation and control, it quickly enabled the achievement of the total convergence of Operational (OT) and Information Technologies (IT). The IIoT has now surpassed the traditional borders of automation and control functions in the process and manufacturing industry, shifting towards a wider domain of functions and industries, embraced under the dominant global initiatives and architectural frameworks of Industry 4.0 (or Industrie 4.0) in Germany, Industrial Internet in the US, Society 5.0 in Japan, and Made-in-China 2025 in China. As real-time embedded systems are quickly achieving ubiquity in everyday life and in industrial environments, and many processes already depend on real-time cyber-physical systems and embedded sensors, the integration of IoT with cognitive computing and real-time data exchange is essential for real-time analytics and realization of digital twins in smart environments and services under the various frameworks’ provisions. In this context, real-time sensor networks and systems for the Industrial IoT encompass multiple technologies and raise significant design, optimization, integration and exploitation challenges. The ten articles in this Special Issue describe advances in real-time sensor networks and systems that are significant enablers of the Industrial IoT paradigm. In the relevant landscape, the domain of wireless networking technologies is centrally positioned, as expected.

History of engineering & technology --- anomaly detection --- recurrent neural networks --- neural networks compression --- LHC --- WirelessHART network --- delay analysis --- real-time systems --- multi-channel processing --- simulation modeling --- transmission scheduling scheme --- industrial internet of things --- wireless networks --- industrial control systems --- wireless networked control systems --- industrial IoT --- security --- legacy production machinery --- real-time condition monitoring --- wireless local area network --- IEEE 802.11ah --- medium access control --- timeliness --- Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (WSANs) --- multipath retransmission --- resource scheduling --- realtime wireless communication --- monitoring and control system --- virtualization --- controller area network --- fieldbus --- real-time --- container --- Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) --- LoRa --- WiFi HaLow --- Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) --- Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) --- Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) --- BLE Long Range --- WirelessHART --- ISA100.11a --- deep sparse coding --- convolutional neural networks --- signal analysis --- respiratory diseases --- medication adherence --- hardware design --- trust --- cryptography --- n/a