Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Petroleum products --- Ad valorem tax --- Tax refunds --- Consumer protection --- Prices

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Including contributions from such figures as Douglas Irwin, James Foreman-Peck, Kevin O'Rourke and Max-Stefan-Schulze, this key book summarizes the recent empirical research carried out on the issue of the classical period of trade protectionism. It provides a basis for revising widely held views on the standard effects of tariffs on economic structures and progress, as well as a historical perspective on recent developments.Long-held views on modern trade policies have been challenged by the introduction of recent theoretical developments in international economics and in mea

Protectionism --- Free trade --- History. --- Free trade and protection --- Trade, Free --- Trade liberalization --- International trade --- Commercial policy --- average --- tariff --- revenue --- policy --- rates --- level --- valorem --- rif --- corn --- laws --- History

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This study analyzes the impact on male and female wages of tariff reform and the reduction of regulatory barriers faced by domestic and foreign firms operating in business services. The study applies the model to Tanzania and develops a data set that distinguishes labor and wages by gender for 52 sectors and four skill categories. The model is the first to incorporate modern trade theory to assess the gender implications of trade reform. Given that the Dixit-Stiglitz framework results in productivity gains from additional varieties of services, the analysis finds that real wages increase across all worker categories. However, the increase in wages is higher for males than for females, because business services use males more intensively than females. The most skilled (female and male) workers, who are also the most intensively used in the business services sectors, benefit more from the real increases in wages. The model illustrates that as the development process continues and developing countries become more business service oriented, these sectors demand more educated workers and their wages will increase relative to those of unskilled workers. The policy conclusion from this model is that it is crucial to invest in the education of females so their human capital increases and their skills are more marketable in business services and other more technologically modern occupations. Otherwise, the wage gap between males and females would likely widen further.

Ad Valorem Equivalents --- Communities & Human Settlements --- Economic Theory & Research --- Endogenous Productivity Effects --- FDI in Services --- Gender --- Gender & Health --- Housing & Human Habitats --- Labor Markets --- Labor Policies --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Social Protections and Labor --- Trade

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Tariff on chemicals --- Tariff --- Chemicals --- Produits chimiques --- Tarif douanier --- Classification. --- Droits de douane --- Classification --- -Tariff --- -Tariff on chemicals --- -Chemicals --- Ad valorem tariff --- Border taxes --- Customs (Tariff) --- Customs duties --- Duties --- Fees, Import --- Import controls --- Import fees --- Tariff on raw materials --- Commercial policy --- Indirect taxation --- Revenue --- Customs administration --- Favored nation clause --- Non-tariff trade barriers --- Reciprocity (Commerce) --- Chemical compounds --- Compounds, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Statistics --- -Classification --- -Ad valorem tariff

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Third World: economic development problems --- Peru --- Tariff --- Economic development --- Developing countries --- Economic conditions --- -Tariff --- -Ad valorem tariff --- Border taxes --- Customs (Tariff) --- Customs duties --- Duties --- Fees, Import --- Import controls --- Import fees --- Tariff on raw materials --- Commercial policy --- Indirect taxation --- Revenue --- Customs administration --- Favored nation clause --- Non-tariff trade barriers --- Reciprocity (Commerce) --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- -Economic development --- -Developing countries --- -Third World: economic development problems --- Ad valorem tariff --- Developing countries: economic development problems --- Tariff - Peru --- Tariff - Developing countries --- Peru - Economic conditions - 1968