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Characterization of Ambient Air Quality in Selected Urban Areas in Uganda : A Low-Cost Approach
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : The World Bank,

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Abstract

Many cities and urban centers around the world experience high air pollution episodes attributable to increased anthropogenic alterations of natural environmental systems. World Health Organization estimates indicate strong exceedances of prescribed limits in developing countries. However, the evidence on local pollution measures is limited for such cities and Uganda is no exception. Informed by the practical realities of air quality monitoring, this paper employs a low-cost approach using passive and active monitors to obtain characterization of pollution levels based on particulate matter 2.5, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone over a six-month period (starting in December 2018) for selected urban centers in three of the four macro-regions in Uganda. This is the first attempt to comprehensively assess pollution levels at a near-national level in Uganda. A combination of distributed stationary monitors and mobile monitors installed on motorcycle taxis (boda-boda) was employed in selected parishes to obtain spatiotemporal variations in the pollutant concentrations. The results suggest that seasonal particulate levels heavily depend on precipitation patterns with a strong inverse relation, which further corroborates the need for longer monitoring periods to reflect actual seasonal variations. Informed by the observed level of data completeness and quality in all the monitoring scenarios, the paper highlights the practicability and potential of a low-cost approach to air quality monitoring and the potential to use this information to inform citizens.


Book
Urban Atmospheric Aerosols : Sources, Analysis and Effects
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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The challenges faced by the atmospheric research community today are vast, complex, and multi-faceted. The book Urban Atmospheric Aerosols: Sources, Analysis, and Effects highlights important aspects concerning the chemical and optical properties, size distribution, sources, and potential health effects of fine urban air particles (PM2.5). The physical and chemical characterization of PM2.5, its source assignment, and the assessment of the magnitude and distribution of its emissions are crucial for establishing effective fine air particle regulations and assessing the associated risks to human health. This book brings together eight papers covering the main topics of the field and will be of interest to researchers who are interested in air quality in outdoor and indoor environments, air particle toxicity, and atmospheric chemistry, as well as global climate modelers.


Book
Urban Atmospheric Aerosols : Sources, Analysis and Effects
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The challenges faced by the atmospheric research community today are vast, complex, and multi-faceted. The book Urban Atmospheric Aerosols: Sources, Analysis, and Effects highlights important aspects concerning the chemical and optical properties, size distribution, sources, and potential health effects of fine urban air particles (PM2.5). The physical and chemical characterization of PM2.5, its source assignment, and the assessment of the magnitude and distribution of its emissions are crucial for establishing effective fine air particle regulations and assessing the associated risks to human health. This book brings together eight papers covering the main topics of the field and will be of interest to researchers who are interested in air quality in outdoor and indoor environments, air particle toxicity, and atmospheric chemistry, as well as global climate modelers.


Book
Energy for Sustainable Future
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Energy and the environment are irrevocably interrelated, and they are critical factors that influence the development of societies. The pollution of the environment without considering various consequences has become one of the most important global issues today. This environmental pollution is mainly the result of increases in economic activities, population, transportation, electricity generation, agriculture, forestry, and land use. The exigency of energy for these activities, the rapidly rising price of petroleum oil, the harmful effect of greenhouse gases, and the quest for energy security have steered our attention towards sustainable sources of energy. It is fundamental to find innovative solutions that are sustainable from the perspective of energy management and environmental protection. This book includes three review articles which review the state-of-the-art of different sustainable energy resources. These articles include ammonia as a renewable energy carrier, integration of solar photovoltaic, and bio-oil from waste tires for automotive engine application. In addition, eight research studies reveal new knowledge about energy for a sustainable future. The topics covered span many diverse areas associated with sustainable energy, including various biofuels, photovoltaic, and other aspects of sustainability. These complementary contributions provide a substantial body of knowledge in the field of Renewable and Sustainable Energy.


Book
Urban Atmospheric Aerosols : Sources, Analysis and Effects
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The challenges faced by the atmospheric research community today are vast, complex, and multi-faceted. The book Urban Atmospheric Aerosols: Sources, Analysis, and Effects highlights important aspects concerning the chemical and optical properties, size distribution, sources, and potential health effects of fine urban air particles (PM2.5). The physical and chemical characterization of PM2.5, its source assignment, and the assessment of the magnitude and distribution of its emissions are crucial for establishing effective fine air particle regulations and assessing the associated risks to human health. This book brings together eight papers covering the main topics of the field and will be of interest to researchers who are interested in air quality in outdoor and indoor environments, air particle toxicity, and atmospheric chemistry, as well as global climate modelers.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit --- PM2.5 --- trace elements --- source apportionment --- aerosol optical depth MODIS --- urbanization --- DEM --- spearman rank correlation --- organic aerosol --- water-soluble ions --- organic nitrogen --- aerosol mass spectrometry --- MODIS aerosol product --- Collection 6.1 --- heavy aerosol loading --- AERONET --- submicron --- coarse --- modal structure --- meteorological effect --- particle number size distribution --- seasonal --- diurnal --- resuspension --- household dust --- PM10 --- organic and elemental carbon --- phthalic acid esters --- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons --- atmospheric particle-bound mercury --- atmospheric particulate matter --- sources contributions --- Atlantic coastal European region --- toxicity prediction --- urban atmospheric aerosols --- primary organic aerosols --- secondary organic aerosols --- chemical composition --- toxic elements --- particle size characterization --- urban air quality --- indoor air pollution --- Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit --- PM2.5 --- trace elements --- source apportionment --- aerosol optical depth MODIS --- urbanization --- DEM --- spearman rank correlation --- organic aerosol --- water-soluble ions --- organic nitrogen --- aerosol mass spectrometry --- MODIS aerosol product --- Collection 6.1 --- heavy aerosol loading --- AERONET --- submicron --- coarse --- modal structure --- meteorological effect --- particle number size distribution --- seasonal --- diurnal --- resuspension --- household dust --- PM10 --- organic and elemental carbon --- phthalic acid esters --- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons --- atmospheric particle-bound mercury --- atmospheric particulate matter --- sources contributions --- Atlantic coastal European region --- toxicity prediction --- urban atmospheric aerosols --- primary organic aerosols --- secondary organic aerosols --- chemical composition --- toxic elements --- particle size characterization --- urban air quality --- indoor air pollution


Book
Energy for Sustainable Future
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

Loading...
Export citation

Choose an application

Bookmark

Abstract

Energy and the environment are irrevocably interrelated, and they are critical factors that influence the development of societies. The pollution of the environment without considering various consequences has become one of the most important global issues today. This environmental pollution is mainly the result of increases in economic activities, population, transportation, electricity generation, agriculture, forestry, and land use. The exigency of energy for these activities, the rapidly rising price of petroleum oil, the harmful effect of greenhouse gases, and the quest for energy security have steered our attention towards sustainable sources of energy. It is fundamental to find innovative solutions that are sustainable from the perspective of energy management and environmental protection. This book includes three review articles which review the state-of-the-art of different sustainable energy resources. These articles include ammonia as a renewable energy carrier, integration of solar photovoltaic, and bio-oil from waste tires for automotive engine application. In addition, eight research studies reveal new knowledge about energy for a sustainable future. The topics covered span many diverse areas associated with sustainable energy, including various biofuels, photovoltaic, and other aspects of sustainability. These complementary contributions provide a substantial body of knowledge in the field of Renewable and Sustainable Energy.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- Technology: general issues --- heterogeneous catalyst --- hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) --- zinc --- phenol --- bio-oil --- technical --- economic --- institutional --- policy --- pumped hydro storage --- geothermal heat exchangers --- combined arrangement --- operation analysis --- solar home systems --- rural households --- energy transitions --- energy access --- bio-jet fuel --- microwave-assisted transesterification --- RSM --- ANN --- optimization --- coconut oil --- scenario analysis --- scenario generation --- weather influence --- coal decommissioning --- high PV penetration --- energy balance --- CO2 reduction --- urban air quality --- PM2.5 --- PM10 --- particle emission sources --- focus group discussion --- sustainability --- renewable energy development --- Indonesia --- geothermal --- maintenance strategy --- sustainable maintenance --- ABCD procedure --- strategic sustainable development --- transformer failures --- ammonia --- renewable energy storage --- hydrogen storage --- waste tyre --- waste management --- pyrolysis --- automobile engine --- heterogeneous catalyst --- hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) --- zinc --- phenol --- bio-oil --- technical --- economic --- institutional --- policy --- pumped hydro storage --- geothermal heat exchangers --- combined arrangement --- operation analysis --- solar home systems --- rural households --- energy transitions --- energy access --- bio-jet fuel --- microwave-assisted transesterification --- RSM --- ANN --- optimization --- coconut oil --- scenario analysis --- scenario generation --- weather influence --- coal decommissioning --- high PV penetration --- energy balance --- CO2 reduction --- urban air quality --- PM2.5 --- PM10 --- particle emission sources --- focus group discussion --- sustainability --- renewable energy development --- Indonesia --- geothermal --- maintenance strategy --- sustainable maintenance --- ABCD procedure --- strategic sustainable development --- transformer failures --- ammonia --- renewable energy storage --- hydrogen storage --- waste tyre --- waste management --- pyrolysis --- automobile engine

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