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Reversible ubiquitylation plays an important regulatory role in almost all aspects of cellular and organismal processes in plants. Its pervasive regulatory role in plant biology is primarily due to the involvement of a large set of ubiquitin system constituents (encoded by approximately 6% Arabidopsis genome), the huge number of important cellular proteins targeted as substrates, and various drastic effects on the modified proteins. The major components of the ubiquitin system include a large set of enzymes and proteins involved in ubiquitin conjugation (E1s, E2s, and E3s) and deconjugation (deubiquitinases of different classes) and post ubiquitin conjugation components such as ubiquitin receptors, endocytic machineries, and 26S proteasome. The established substrates include transcriptional activators and repressors, signaling components, key metabolic enzymes, and critical mechanistic components of major cellular processes and regulatory mechanisms. Post-translational modification of proteins by reversible ubiquitylation could drastically affects the modified proteins by proteolytic processing and turnover, altering catalytic activity, subcellular targeting, and protein-protein interaction. Continued efforts are being carried out to identify novel substrates critical for various cellular and organismal processes, to determine effects of reversible ubiquitylation on the modified substrates, to determine signaling determinants triggering reversible ubiquitylation of specific substrates, to illustrate individual components of the ubiquitin system for their in vivo functions and involved mechanistic roles, and to determine mechanistic roles of modification acting on critical components of major cellular processes and regulatory mechanisms. The aim of this special topic is to serve as a platform to report most recent advances on those above listed current research endeavors. We welcome article types including original research, review, mini review, method, and perspective/opinion/hypothesis.

Botany. --- Plants. --- Ubiquitin --- ubiquitin ligase --- plant innate immunity --- NEDD8/RUB --- self-incompatibility --- deubiquitination --- histone --- abiotic stress

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Reversible ubiquitylation plays an important regulatory role in almost all aspects of cellular and organismal processes in plants. Its pervasive regulatory role in plant biology is primarily due to the involvement of a large set of ubiquitin system constituents (encoded by approximately 6% Arabidopsis genome), the huge number of important cellular proteins targeted as substrates, and various drastic effects on the modified proteins. The major components of the ubiquitin system include a large set of enzymes and proteins involved in ubiquitin conjugation (E1s, E2s, and E3s) and deconjugation (deubiquitinases of different classes) and post ubiquitin conjugation components such as ubiquitin receptors, endocytic machineries, and 26S proteasome. The established substrates include transcriptional activators and repressors, signaling components, key metabolic enzymes, and critical mechanistic components of major cellular processes and regulatory mechanisms. Post-translational modification of proteins by reversible ubiquitylation could drastically affects the modified proteins by proteolytic processing and turnover, altering catalytic activity, subcellular targeting, and protein-protein interaction. Continued efforts are being carried out to identify novel substrates critical for various cellular and organismal processes, to determine effects of reversible ubiquitylation on the modified substrates, to determine signaling determinants triggering reversible ubiquitylation of specific substrates, to illustrate individual components of the ubiquitin system for their in vivo functions and involved mechanistic roles, and to determine mechanistic roles of modification acting on critical components of major cellular processes and regulatory mechanisms. The aim of this special topic is to serve as a platform to report most recent advances on those above listed current research endeavors. We welcome article types including original research, review, mini review, method, and perspective/opinion/hypothesis.

Botany. --- Plants. --- Ubiquitin --- ubiquitin ligase --- plant innate immunity --- NEDD8/RUB --- self-incompatibility --- deubiquitination --- histone --- abiotic stress

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Ubiquitination is a biological process mediated by ubiquitin itself, the E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme, E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, E3 ubiquitin ligase, and deubiquitinating enzyme, respectively. Currently, these multiple biological steps are revealed to participate in various life phenomena, such as cell proliferation, regulation of cell surface proteins expression, and mitochondrial function, which are profoundly related to human health and diseases. Although clinical applications targeting ubiquitination are still limited compared to those directed toward kinase systems such as tyrosine kinases, multiple enzymatic consequences should be future therapeutic implications. This Special Issue of IJMS entitled “Ubiquitination in Health and Disease” successfully published15 distinguished manuscripts, with a total of 66 international authors and. This book provides the latest and most useful information for researchers and scientists in this field.

deubiquitinase --- degradation --- therapeutic target --- cancer --- hematopoiesis --- hematopoietic stem cells --- immune response --- regulation of gene expression --- ubiquitin system --- genetic diseases --- ubiquitin ligase --- deubiquitinases --- monoubiquitin signaling --- vesicular trafficking --- protein complex formation --- inflammation --- inhibitor --- innate immune --- interferon --- LUBAC --- NF-κB --- ubiquitin --- Parkinson’s disease --- dopa-responsive dystonia --- tyrosine hydroxylase --- α-synuclein --- fatty acid-binding protein 3 --- ubiquitination --- proteasomal degradation --- ubiquitin-proteasome system --- mitochondria --- E3 ubiquitin ligase --- MITOL/MARCH5 --- salt-sensitive hypertension --- Nedd4L/Nedd4-2 --- epithelial sodium channel --- aldosterone sensitive distal nephron --- excitation-transcription coupling --- RNF183 --- RNF186 --- RNF182 --- RNF152 --- RING finger --- mTOR --- endoplasmic reticulum stress --- osmotic stress --- ubiquitin code --- virus infection --- virus-host interaction --- tau protein --- semisynthesis --- disulfide-coupling --- polyubiquitin --- fibrils --- aggregation --- neurodegeneration --- deubiquitination --- inhibitors --- protein quality control --- proteolysis --- protein stabilization --- regulatory T cells --- mesenchymal stem cell --- cortical bone derived stem cell --- myocardial infarction --- blood pressure --- renal salt reabsorption --- vascular function --- ubiquitin proteasome system --- ubiquitin–proteasome pathway --- cilia --- ciliogenesis --- differentiation --- proliferation --- ciliopathy --- E3s --- DUBs --- UPS --- neurodegenerative disease --- immune-related diseases

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This book, written by members of the European network PROTEOSTASIS, provides an up-to-date review of the research regarding protein homeostasis in health and disease. With new discoveries contributing to the increasing complexity of this topic, the book offers a detailed overview of the pathways regulating protein homeostasis, including autophagy and the ubiquitin protein family. Following a basic introduction, it explains how defects in protein homeostasis contribute to numerous pathologies, including cancer, neurodegeneration, inflammation and a number of rare diseases. In addition, it discusses, the role of protein homeostasis in cellular development and physiology. Highlighting the latest research in the field of protein homeostasis and its implications for various clinically relevant diseases, the book appeals to researchers and clinicians, while also offering a reference guide for scholars who are new to the field.

Proteomics. --- Molecular biology --- Proteins --- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex. --- Proteostasis. --- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases. --- E3 Ligase --- E3 Ubiquitin Ligase --- Ubiquitin Ligase E3 --- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase E3 --- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase --- Ligase E3, Ubiquitin --- Ligase E3, Ubiquitin-Protein --- Ligase, E3 --- Ligase, E3 Ubiquitin --- Ligase, Ubiquitin-Protein --- Ligases, Ubiquitin-Protein --- Ubiquitin Ligase, E3 --- Ubiquitin Protein Ligase --- Ubiquitin Protein Ligase E3 --- Ubiquitin Protein Ligases --- Protein Homeostasis --- Homeostases, Protein --- Homeostasis, Protein --- Protein Homeostases --- Proteostases --- Protein Folding --- Proteostasis Deficiencies --- 20S Proteasome --- Ingensin --- Macropain --- Macroxyproteinase --- Multicatalytic Endopeptidase Complex --- Multicatalytic Proteinase --- Prosome --- Proteasome --- Complex, Multicatalytic Endopeptidase --- Complex, Proteasome Endopeptidase --- Endopeptidase Complex, Multicatalytic --- Endopeptidase Complex, Proteasome --- Proteasome, 20S --- Proteinase, Multicatalytic --- Cell biology. --- Neurosciences. --- Immunology. --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Cell Biology. --- Biomedicine, general. --- Cancer Research. --- Cancer research --- Health Workforce --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Medical sciences --- Nervous system --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Homeòstasi --- Proteïnes --- Immunologia --- Malalties --- Malaltia --- Medicina --- Discapacitat física --- Malalties cardiovasculars --- Malalties constitucionals --- Malalties de l'aparell digestiu --- Malalties de l'aparell genital --- Malalties de l'aparell respiratori --- Malalties de la pell --- Malalties del sistema nerviós --- Malalties dels animals --- Malalties hematològiques --- Malalties hereditàries --- Malalties de l'aparell locomotor --- Malalties d'origen nutricional --- Malalties iatrogèniques --- Malalties immunitàries --- Malalties otorrinolaringològiques --- Malalties rares --- Oftalmopaties --- Serveis d'urgències mèdiques --- Síndromes --- Trastorns de la nutrició --- Trastorns del metabolisme --- Epidemiologia --- Biologia --- Complements (Immunitat) --- Immunofarmacologia --- Immunologia clínica --- Immunologia de la trasplantació --- Neuroimmunologia --- Resposta immunitària --- Sistema immunitari --- Biomolècules --- Albúmines --- Apoproteïnes --- Conformació de proteïnes --- Enzims --- Factors de transcripció --- Glicoproteïnes --- Lipoproteïnes --- Nucleoproteïnes --- Pèptids --- Prions --- Protamines --- Proteïnes citosquelètiques --- Proteïnes de membrana --- Proteïnes de la sang --- Proteïnes recombinants --- Proteïnes supressores de tumors --- Receptors cel·lulars --- Ubiqüitina --- Xaperones moleculars --- Proteòmica --- Autorregulació (Fisiologia) --- Humors corporals --- Sistemes de control biològic --- Equilibri àcid-base --- Osmoregulació --- Cytology. --- Medicine—Research. --- Biology—Research. --- Cancer. --- Neuroscience. --- Biomedical Research. --- Cancer Biology. --- Cancers --- Carcinoma --- Malignancy (Cancer) --- Malignant tumors --- Tumors --- Proteïnes.