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aardbevingen --- tsunami
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A tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the sudden displacement of a large volume of a body of water, typically an ocean. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions (including detonations of underwater nuclear devices), landslides, glacier calving, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami. Tsunami: from fundamentals to mitigation comprises seven chapters, dealing with the different aspects of the field.
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After the 2004 Asian Tsunami wiped out whole communities on the Indian Ocean, Indonesia's West Sumatra province learnt a startling reality-they were next. A loosely allied bunch of scientists, students and ordinary citizens struggle to make sense of this suddenly precarious location, centering on the area capital of Padang and hurrying together a plan to save it before it's too late.
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The Indian Ocean tsunami that hit South and Southeast Asia in December 2004 was one of the worst natural calamities of recent times, the scale of the devastation to coastal communities across the region almost incomprehensible. As befits a disaster of such magnitude, the humanitarian response was massive. In the course of the relief operations, however, Asian governments and donors increasingly expressed the need for measures to prevent corruption amid widespread concern that significant amounts of tsunami aid may be being diverted to unscrupulous hands. In response to growing concerns about corruption, the ADB-OECD Anti- Corruption Initiative for Asia-Pacific and Transparency International organized an experts meeting on corruption prevention in tsunami relief operations hosted by the Government of Indonesia. The meeting, which brought together the six worst-affected countries—India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Thailand—aimed to identify concrete priority measures to be taken by each stakeholder, including governments, donor agencies, civil society and private sector organizations involved in aid delivery and reconstruction work, to prevent and curb corruption in service delivery and procurement related to tsunami relief. This publication synthesizes the meeting’s most important deliberations and conclusions, providing a useful resource for the wide range of individuals and organizations working to ensure equitable tsunami assistance. It assembles the issue papers and the conclusions and framework for action developed as a result of discussions and presentations by experts.
Governance --- Tsunami relief --- Indian Ocean Tsunami, 2004 --- Corrupt practices --- Prevention --- Asian Tsunami, 2004 --- Boxing Day Tsunami, 2004 --- Indonesian Tsunami, 2004 --- Sumatra-Andaman Tsunami, 2004 --- Tsunamis --- Disaster relief
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On 26 December 2004 at 6.58 hours, a massive earthquake with its epicentre outside the coast of Sumatra generated a series of gigantic waves, tsunamis. At 8.35 hours the waves reached the eastern and southern coastline of Sri Lanka, crushing hundreds of villages and towns, killing and maiming tens of thousands of people within seconds. When the waves pulled back, and the ocean calmed down, local people came running to the scene to help.In the first couple of days after the disaster the survivors and their helpers had to manage largely on their own. When the professional experts arrived, most of them without any prior knowledge about the country, they took full command over the situation, brushing aside the local communities and their indigenous emergency systems. At this stage, those who were meant to die had already succumbed, and most of the wounded had received assistance from friends and neighbours.Today, more than ten years after, those parts of Sri Lanka that were damaged by the disaster are for the greater part reconstructed, some places even to a more advanced level than before. This has, however, not been a smooth and pain free process. This book is about what happened in the southern district of Hambantota during the disaster, and in the relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction process after the Indian Ocean Tsunami.
Disaster relief --- Indian Ocean Tsunami, 2004. --- Tsunami damage.
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On 26 December 2004 at 6.58 hours, a massive earthquake with its epicentre outside the coast of Sumatra generated a series of gigantic waves, tsunamis. At 8.35 hours the waves reached the eastern and southern coastline of Sri Lanka, crushing hundreds of villages and towns, killing and maiming tens of thousands of people within seconds. When the waves pulled back, and the ocean calmed down, local people came running to the scene to help.In the first couple of days after the disaster the survivors and their helpers had to manage largely on their own. When the professional experts arrived, most of them without any prior knowledge about the country, they took full command over the situation, brushing aside the local communities and their indigenous emergency systems. At this stage, those who were meant to die had already succumbed, and most of the wounded had received assistance from friends and neighbours.Today, more than ten years after, those parts of Sri Lanka that were damaged by the disaster are for the greater part reconstructed, some places even to a more advanced level than before. This has, however, not been a smooth and pain free process. This book is about what happened in the southern district of Hambantota during the disaster, and in the relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction process after the Indian Ocean Tsunami.
Disaster relief --- Indian Ocean Tsunami, 2004. --- Tsunami damage.
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