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Recent work has pointed to the need for a detection-based approach to transfer capable of discovering elusive crosslinguistic effects through the use of human judges and computer classifiers that can learn to predict learners’ language backgrounds based on their patterns of language use. This book addresses that need. It details the nature of the detection-based approach, discusses how this approach fits into the overall scope of transfer research, and discusses the few previous studies that have laid the groundwork for this approach. The core of the book consists of five empirical studies that use computer classifiers to detect the native-language affiliations of texts written by foreign language learners of English. The results highlight combinations of language features that are the most reliable predictors of learners’ language backgrounds.
Language transfer (Language learning) --- English language --- Transfer, Language (Language learning) --- Language acquisition --- Language and languages --- Rhetoric --- Study and teaching. --- Study and teaching --- Germanic languages --- computer classifiers to detect language background. --- crosslinguistic influence in SLA. --- crosslinguistic influence. --- detection-based approach. --- learners’ native-language backgrounds. --- transfer in SLA. --- transfer in language learning.
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This book presents the latest developments in crosslinguistic influence (CLI) and multilingualism research. The contributors, both veteran researchers and relative newcomers to the field, situate their research in current debates in terms of theory and data analysis and they present it in an accessible way. The chapters investigate how and when native and non-native language knowledge is used in language production. They focus on lexis, syntax, tense-aspect, phonology of multilingual production and link it to a range of concepts such as redundancy, affordances, metalinguistic awareness and L2 status. The empirical data have been collected from participants with a wide combination of languages: besides English, German, French and Spanish, there is Finnish, Swedish, Polish, Chinese and Catalan.
Language acquisition. --- Multilingualism. --- Multilingualism --- Language acquisition --- Languages & Literatures --- Philology & Linguistics --- Acquisition of language --- Developmental linguistics --- Developmental psycholinguistics --- Language and languages --- Language development in children --- Psycholinguistics, Developmental --- Interpersonal communication in children --- Psycholinguistics --- Plurilingualism --- Polyglottism --- Acquisition --- CLI. --- L2 and L1. --- SLA. --- Second Language Acquisition. --- crosslinguistic influence. --- multilingualism. --- transfer in language learning.
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This book explores the importance of cross-linguistic similarity in foreign language learning. While linguists have primarily focused upon differences between languages, learners strive to make use of any similarities to prior linguistic knowledge they can perceive. The role of positive transfer is emphasized as well as the essential differences between comprehension and production. In comprehension of related languages, cross-linguistic similarities are easily perceived while in comprehension of distant languages they are merely assumed. Production may be based on previous perception of similarities, but frequently similarities are here merely assumed. Initially, effective learning is based on quick establishment of cross-linguistic one-to-one relations between individual items. As learning progresses, the learner learns to modify such oversimplified relations. The book describes the ways in which transfer affects different areas of language, taking account of the differences between learning a language perceived to be similar and a language where few or no cross-linguistic similarities can be established.
Language and languages --- Similarity (Language learning) --- Study and teaching. --- Similarity (Language learning). --- Cross-linguistic similarity (Language learning) --- Foreign language study --- Second language acquisition --- Language and education --- Language schools --- Study and teaching --- Language and languages Study and teaching --- Language and languages - Study and teaching. --- L1 transfer. --- Second Language Acquisition. --- crosslinguistic influence. --- crosslinguistic similarity. --- foreign language learning. --- language learning. --- prior linguistic knowledge. --- transfer in language acquisition. --- transfer in language learning.
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This book presents a comprehensive review of previous research on lexical inferencing, co-authored by Kirsten Haastrup, and a major new trilingual study of lexical inferencing by both first (L1) and second language (L2) readers. Research since the 1970's on this apparently universal cognitive process in L2 reading and vocabulary learning is surveyed, including the kinds of knowledge and textual cues L2 readers use when inferring unknown word meanings, factors influencing their success and knowledge retention, and relevant theory. A comparative study of L1 and L2 lexical inferencing by Persian and French and English speakers is then presented, focusing on evidence of L1 transfer in the L2 inferencing process, its success and readers’ gains in L2 word knowledge. Influences of the specific L1 are distinguished from those of native versus non-native proficiency, relative cultural familiarity of texts, readers’ L2 proficiency, text language features and other factors. The relative typological distance between readers’ L1 and L2 is reflected in systematic differences between L1 speakers of Persian and French in their L2 lexical inferencing. Implications are drawn for L2 instruction at advanced levels.
Vocabulary --- Second language acquisition. --- Language and languages --- Inference. --- Foreign language study --- Language and education --- Language schools --- Second language learning --- Language acquisition --- Ampliative induction --- Induction, Ampliative --- Inference (Logic) --- Reasoning --- Study and teaching. --- Reading comprehension. --- Vocabulary. --- English language --- Word books --- Words, Stock of --- Diction --- Lexicology --- Comprehension --- Language and languages Study and teaching --- Study and teaching --- L1 transfer. --- L2 instruction. --- L2 reading. --- Lexical Inferencing. --- SLA. --- Second Language Acquisition. --- crosslinguistic influence. --- transfer in language learning. --- vocab learning. --- vocabulary learning.
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