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The book is provided open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book covers all aspects of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) and provides detailed information on each MIGS device, including its mechanism of action; patient selection; implantation techniques; post-operative management; and a review of the existing literature. Step-by-step descriptions are provided for the surgical technique used in implanting each MIGS device, accompanied by clear photographs of each surgical stage. Other areas covered include intra-operative gonioscopy (with tips on optimising the view of the anterior chamber angle) and the management of the intra-operative and post-operative complications. Essential information on the anatomy and physiology of the different aqueous outflow pathways is also included. A separate chapter addresses the introduction of MIGS globally, including the consideration of different reimbursement environments and the different types of glaucoma, e.g. angle closure glaucoma. This book will assist both glaucoma surgeons and general ophthalmologists in overcoming the learning curve involved in performed MIGS, by providing valuable and practical clinical pearls.

Ophthalmology. --- Surgery. --- Surgery, Primitive --- Medicine --- Eye --- Diseases --- Ophthalmology --- Surgery --- Open Access --- Aqueous outflow drainage pathways --- iStent Trabecular Microbypass Stent in MIGS --- Ab Interno Trabeculotomy in MIGS --- Microshunt in MIGS --- MIGS controversies

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Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multi-factorial progressive optic neuropathy characterized by retinal ganglion cell degeneration and progressive visual field loss which, if left untreated, may lead to blindness. Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) is considered to be the main risk factor for developing POAG, and its reduction has been shown to correlate with a decrease in glaucoma incidence and progression. Considering that fewer than 10% of the subjects with ocular hypertension (OHT) will develop morphological and/or functional glaucomatous damage within 5 years if not treated, glaucoma causes and molecular changes leading to ocular tissue damage in glaucoma are still largely unknown. The contemporary treatment of POAG is mainly oriented towards reducing IOP; the importance of the IOP reduction in other types of glaucoma, such as the “normal pressure glaucoma”, is still discussed. The IOP value is maintained by balancing the amount of fluid contained within the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye; our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying the secretion and active and passive outflow of the aqueous humor is extremely important for improving the treatment of glaucoma. Innovative pharmacological approaches, and laser and surgical procedures aiming to reduce IOP, have been developed in recent years. This book provides a compendium of topics regarding IOP, aqueous humor dynamics, tonometry, and medical and surgical techniques developed to reduce the IOP in subjects with ocular hypertension or glaucoma.

intraocular pressure --- serum calcium --- female --- ab interno trabeculotomy --- glaucoma --- incision in the Schlemm’s canal in degrees --- post-surgical complication --- neuroretinal rim reversal --- Bruch’s membrane opening-minimum rim width --- trabeculectomy --- refractive error --- neuroretina --- myopia --- intraocular pressure (IOP) --- tonometry --- Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) --- central corneal thickness (CCT) --- ocular hypertension --- higher-order aberrations --- Kahook Dual Blade --- age --- central corneal thickness --- Goldmann Applanation tonometer --- non-contact tonometer --- rebound tonometer --- iCare --- open angle glaucoma (OAG) --- Schlemm’s canal viscodilation --- OMNI viscosurgical system --- minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS) --- trabeculotomy --- cataract extraction --- aqueous humor --- GDF15 --- serum --- intravitreal injection --- anti-VEGF agents --- trabecular meshwork --- Matrigel --- 3D culture --- outflow --- cytoskeleton --- rho-kinase inhibitor --- prostaglandin analog --- childhood glaucoma --- aphakia --- pseudophakia --- cataract surgery --- lensectomy --- management (or therapy) --- glaucoma drainage device --- cyclodestruction --- corneal biomechanics --- ocular response analyzer --- ORA --- corneal hysteresis --- non-penetrating deep sclerectomy --- Esnoper V-2000 implant --- glucocorticoids --- safety profile --- intranasal administration --- inhaled administration --- systemic administration --- steroid response --- canaloplasty --- non-perforating surgical procedures --- pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG) --- Schlemm’s canal --- phase-sensitive optical coherent tomography --- pulsatile motion --- IOP fluctuation --- primary open-angle glaucoma --- intraocular pressure measurement --- iCare tonometry --- Perkins tonometry --- standardized anaesthesia --- corneal thickness --- progression --- risk stratification --- XEN GelStent --- corneal resistance factor --- open-angle glaucoma --- n/a --- laser treatment --- dropless treatment --- thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy --- extraocular muscle --- magnetic resonance imaging --- T2 relaxation time --- incision in the Schlemm's canal in degrees --- Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width --- Schlemm's canal viscodilation --- Schlemm's canal

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In the past few years, knowledge about glaucoma diagnosis and follow up has evolved dramatically through advances in intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, corneal biomechanics, structural and functional assessment of the ocular surface, anterior chamber, retina, optic nerve and intracranial visual pathways, as well as the advent of artificial intelligence. In addition, the development of new modalities of IOP-lowering and non-IOP-lowering drugs, alternative deliveries, refined laser technologies, and minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) techniques with different implants have widened the therapeutic possibilities for treating this disease. Finally, current insights into risk factors and quality of life in relation to glaucomatous impairment are emerging. The purpose of this Special Issue is to present the latest exciting clinical developments that are taking place in the field of glaucoma.

Medicine --- ripasudil --- suture trabeculotomy ab interno --- Schlemm's canal incision --- aqueous outflow --- open-angle glaucoma --- glaucoma --- inflammation --- oxidative stress --- phenotype --- polymorphism --- susceptibility --- intraocular pressure --- ocular inflammation --- cornea biomechanics --- Corvis® ST --- subclinical keratoconus --- ocular hypertension --- tears --- miRNAs --- next generation sequencing --- biomarkers --- genes --- signaling pathways --- apoptosis --- neurodegeneration --- glaucoma suspect --- lamina cribrosa --- optical coherence tomography angiography --- peripapillary vessel density --- OCTA --- vessel density --- disc --- peripapillary --- NTG --- BRVO --- corneal hysteresis --- corneal biomechanics --- ocular biomarkers --- deep learning --- perimetry --- optic nerve --- obesity --- risk factor --- young adults --- multifocal visual evoked potentials --- mfVEP --- physical exercise --- sport --- acrobatic gymnastics --- baseline intraocular pressure --- central corneal thickness --- ocular health --- tumbling skills --- hand balance --- cytokines --- BDNF --- VEGF --- fractalkine --- microglia --- saffron --- crocin --- retinal glial cells --- microperimetry --- OCT --- macula --- structure --- function --- correlation --- retina --- inner --- outer --- macular segmentation --- optical coherence tomography-angiography --- vascular density --- blood flow --- biomarker --- myopia --- ripasudil --- suture trabeculotomy ab interno --- Schlemm's canal incision --- aqueous outflow --- open-angle glaucoma --- glaucoma --- inflammation --- oxidative stress --- phenotype --- polymorphism --- susceptibility --- intraocular pressure --- ocular inflammation --- cornea biomechanics --- Corvis® ST --- subclinical keratoconus --- ocular hypertension --- tears --- miRNAs --- next generation sequencing --- biomarkers --- genes --- signaling pathways --- apoptosis --- neurodegeneration --- glaucoma suspect --- lamina cribrosa --- optical coherence tomography angiography --- peripapillary vessel density --- OCTA --- vessel density --- disc --- peripapillary --- NTG --- BRVO --- corneal hysteresis --- corneal biomechanics --- ocular biomarkers --- deep learning --- perimetry --- optic nerve --- obesity --- risk factor --- young adults --- multifocal visual evoked potentials --- mfVEP --- physical exercise --- sport --- acrobatic gymnastics --- baseline intraocular pressure --- central corneal thickness --- ocular health --- tumbling skills --- hand balance --- cytokines --- BDNF --- VEGF --- fractalkine --- microglia --- saffron --- crocin --- retinal glial cells --- microperimetry --- OCT --- macula --- structure --- function --- correlation --- retina --- inner --- outer --- macular segmentation --- optical coherence tomography-angiography --- vascular density --- blood flow --- biomarker --- myopia