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This Special Issue “Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technologies” was in session from 1 May 2019 to 31 May 2020. For this Special issue, we invited articles on current state-of-the-art technologies and solutions in G2V and V2G, including but not limited to the operation and control of gridable vehicles, energy storage and management systems, charging infrastructure and chargers, EV demand and load forecasting, V2G interfaces and applications, V2G and energy reliability and security, environmental impacts, and economic benefits as well as demonstration projects and case studies in the aforementioned areas. Articles that deal with the latest hot topics in V2G are of particular interest, such as V2G and demand-side response control technique, smart charging infrastructure and grid planning, advanced power electronics for V2G systems, adaptation of V2G systems in the smart grid, adaptation of smart cities for a large number of EVs, integration, and the optimization of V2G systems, utilities and transportation assets for advanced V2G systems, wireless power transfer systems for advanced V2G systems, fault detection, maintenance and diagnostics in V2G processes, communications protocols for V2G systems, energy management system (EMS) in V2G systems, IoT for V2G systems, distributed energy and storage systems for V2G, transportation networks and V2G, energy management for V2G, smart charging/discharging stations for efficient V2G, environmental and socio-economic benefits and challenges of V2G systems, and building integrated V2G systems (BIV2G). Five manuscripts are published in this Special Issue, including “An Ensemble Stochastic Forecasting Framework for Variable Distributed Demand Loads” by Agyeman et al., “Where Will You Park? Predicting Vehicle Locations for Vehicle-to-Grid, An MPC Scheme with Enhanced Active Voltage Vector Region for V2G Inverter” by Shipman et al., “Electric Vehicles Energy Management with V2G/G2V Multifactor Optimization of Smart Grids” by Xia et al., and “A Review on Communication Standards and Charging Topologies of V2G and V2H Operation Strategies” by Savitti et al.

vehicle-to-grid (V2G) --- vehicle-to-home (V2H) --- bi-directional charging topologies --- communication standards --- battery cycle --- smart grid --- optimization --- energy management --- electric vehicles --- distributed generation --- MPC --- AV2R --- V2G --- inverter --- vehicle-to-grid --- vehicle location prediction --- automated machine learning --- machine learning --- Bayesian --- deep neural network --- demand load forecast --- distributed load --- ensemble algorithm stochastic --- K-means

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Thirteen papers on different subjects, focussing on writings and inscriptions in medieval art, explore the faculty of writing to create and determine spaces and to generate the sacred by the display of holy scripture. The subjects range from book illumination over wall painting, mosaics, sculpture, and church interiors to inscriptions on portals and façades.

Art, Medieval. --- Architectural drawing, Medieval. --- Church architecture --- Architecture, Medieval --- Art, Medieval --- Inscriptions --- Sacred space --- Themes, motives. --- History --- Holy places --- Places, Sacred --- Sacred places --- Sacred sites --- Sacred spaces --- Sites, Sacred --- Space, Sacred --- Holy, The --- Religion and geography --- Epigraphs (Inscriptions) --- Epigraphy --- Inscription --- Paleography --- Epigraphists --- Middle Ages --- Ecclesiastical architecture --- Rood-lofts --- Christian art and symbolism --- Religious architecture --- Architecture, Gothic --- Church buildings --- Subjects --- Inschriften. --- Sakralität. --- Schrifträume. --- Topologien. --- inscriptions. --- sacredness. --- topologies. --- RELIGION / Christianity / History. --- Christian inscriptions --- Inschrift. --- <> Sakrale.

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Following the tremendous reception of our first volume on topological groups called ""Topological Groups: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow"", we now present our second volume. Like the first volume, this collection contains articles by some of the best scholars in the world on topological groups. A feature of the first volume was surveys, and we continue that tradition in this volume with three new surveys. These surveys are of interest not only to the expert but also to those who are less experienced. Particularly exciting to active researchers, especially young researchers, is the inclusion of over three dozen open questions. This volume consists of 11 papers containing many new and interesting results and examples across the spectrum of topological group theory and related topics. Well-known researchers who contributed to this volume include Taras Banakh, Michael Megrelishvili, Sidney A. Morris, Saharon Shelah, George A. Willis, O'lga V. Sipacheva, and Stephen Wagner.

coarse structure --- descriptive set theory --- group representation --- thick set --- free topological group --- character --- selectively sequentially pseudocompact --- separable topological group --- quotient group --- Chabauty topology --- pseudo-?-bounded --- topological group --- free precompact Boolean group --- right-angled Artin groups --- Neretin’s group --- coarse space --- ultrafilter space --- endomorphism --- separable --- absolutely closed topological group --- tree --- strongly pseudocompact --- Gromov’s compactification --- dynamical system --- semigroup compactification --- tame function --- compact topological semigroup --- vast set --- space of closed subgroups --- reflexive group --- Lie group --- matrix coefficient --- maximal ideal --- topological semigroup --- ballean --- continuous inverse algebra --- extension --- subgroup --- Thompson’s group --- scale --- isomorphic embedding --- arrow ultrafilter --- H-space --- paratopological group --- pseudocompact --- Ramsey ultrafilter --- fibre bundle --- locally compact group --- product --- large set in a group --- Vietoris topology --- topological group of compact exponent --- Bourbaki uniformity --- p-compact --- mapping cylinder --- syndetic set --- p-adic Lie group --- Boolean topological group --- non-trivial convergent sequence --- fixed point algebra --- polish group topologies --- varieties of coarse spaces --- piecewise syndetic set --- maximal space

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Continuous cost reduction of photovoltaic (PV) systems and the rise of power auctions resulted in the establishment of PV power not only as a green energy source but also as a cost-effective solution to the electricity generation market. Various commercial solutions for grid-connected PV systems are available at any power level, ranging from multi-megawatt utility-scale solar farms to sub-kilowatt residential PV installations. Compared to utility-scale systems, the feasibility of small-scale residential PV installations is still limited by existing technologies that have not yet properly address issues like operation in weak grids, opaque and partial shading, etc. New market drivers such as warranty improvement to match the PV module lifespan, operation voltage range extension for application flexibility, and embedded energy storage for load shifting have again put small-scale PV systems in the spotlight. This Special Issue collects the latest developments in the field of power electronic converter topologies, control, design, and optimization for better energy yield, power conversion efficiency, reliability, and longer lifetime of the small-scale PV systems. This Special Issue will serve as a reference and update for academics, researchers, and practicing engineers to inspire new research and developments that pave the way for next-generation PV systems for residential and small commercial applications.

History of engineering & technology --- three-phase rectifier --- PFC --- switch-mode rectifier --- ZVS --- ZCS --- single stage micro-inverter --- burst control --- variable frequency control --- maximum power-point tracking --- grid-connected photovoltaic systems --- cascade multilevel converters --- multistring converters --- T-type converters --- power clipping --- ESS sizing --- grid-tied PV plant --- cascaded H-bridge --- photovoltaic inverter --- module level --- switching modulation strategy --- energy yield --- photovoltaic (PV) --- virtual synchronous generator (VSG) --- frequency response (FR) --- power reserve control (PRC) --- active power up-regulation --- dual inverter --- open-end winding transformer --- photovoltaic application --- filter --- DC–AC converters --- efficiency --- neutral-point-clamped inverter --- PV applications --- PV inverters --- PV systems --- quasi-z-source --- two-level inverter --- three-level inverter --- converter topologies --- partial shading --- photovoltaic (PV) arrays --- multiple maximas --- mismatch --- differential power processing (DPP) --- series-parallel (SP) --- total-cross-tied (TCT) --- bridge-linked (BL) --- center-cross-tied (CCT) --- quasi-Z-source inverter --- double-frequency ripple --- ripple vector cancellation --- shoot-through duty cycle --- modulation --- DC microgrid --- DC electric spring --- distributed cooperative control --- adaptive droop control --- consensus algorithm --- Electric spring --- hierarchical control --- coordinated control --- power decoupling control --- droop control --- microgrid --- microinverter --- variable dc-link voltage --- photovoltaic --- solar energy --- renewable energy --- residential systems --- PV generators --- active power --- reactive power --- Renewable energy --- grid codes --- capability curves --- transformerless inverter --- full bridge inverter --- leakage current --- NPC topology --- full-bridge inverter --- PV microinverters --- single-stage --- buck-boost --- tapped inductor --- modular multilevel converter --- photovoltaic power system --- grid integration --- control system --- distributed renewable energy source --- energy storage --- 1500 V photovoltaic (PV) --- reliability --- cost-oriented design --- DC–DC converter --- series resonance converter --- wide range converter --- bidirectional switch --- conversion efficiency

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Continuous cost reduction of photovoltaic (PV) systems and the rise of power auctions resulted in the establishment of PV power not only as a green energy source but also as a cost-effective solution to the electricity generation market. Various commercial solutions for grid-connected PV systems are available at any power level, ranging from multi-megawatt utility-scale solar farms to sub-kilowatt residential PV installations. Compared to utility-scale systems, the feasibility of small-scale residential PV installations is still limited by existing technologies that have not yet properly address issues like operation in weak grids, opaque and partial shading, etc. New market drivers such as warranty improvement to match the PV module lifespan, operation voltage range extension for application flexibility, and embedded energy storage for load shifting have again put small-scale PV systems in the spotlight. This Special Issue collects the latest developments in the field of power electronic converter topologies, control, design, and optimization for better energy yield, power conversion efficiency, reliability, and longer lifetime of the small-scale PV systems. This Special Issue will serve as a reference and update for academics, researchers, and practicing engineers to inspire new research and developments that pave the way for next-generation PV systems for residential and small commercial applications.

History of engineering & technology --- three-phase rectifier --- PFC --- switch-mode rectifier --- ZVS --- ZCS --- single stage micro-inverter --- burst control --- variable frequency control --- maximum power-point tracking --- grid-connected photovoltaic systems --- cascade multilevel converters --- multistring converters --- T-type converters --- power clipping --- ESS sizing --- grid-tied PV plant --- cascaded H-bridge --- photovoltaic inverter --- module level --- switching modulation strategy --- energy yield --- photovoltaic (PV) --- virtual synchronous generator (VSG) --- frequency response (FR) --- power reserve control (PRC) --- active power up-regulation --- dual inverter --- open-end winding transformer --- photovoltaic application --- filter --- DC–AC converters --- efficiency --- neutral-point-clamped inverter --- PV applications --- PV inverters --- PV systems --- quasi-z-source --- two-level inverter --- three-level inverter --- converter topologies --- partial shading --- photovoltaic (PV) arrays --- multiple maximas --- mismatch --- differential power processing (DPP) --- series-parallel (SP) --- total-cross-tied (TCT) --- bridge-linked (BL) --- center-cross-tied (CCT) --- quasi-Z-source inverter --- double-frequency ripple --- ripple vector cancellation --- shoot-through duty cycle --- modulation --- DC microgrid --- DC electric spring --- distributed cooperative control --- adaptive droop control --- consensus algorithm --- Electric spring --- hierarchical control --- coordinated control --- power decoupling control --- droop control --- microgrid --- microinverter --- variable dc-link voltage --- photovoltaic --- solar energy --- renewable energy --- residential systems --- PV generators --- active power --- reactive power --- Renewable energy --- grid codes --- capability curves --- transformerless inverter --- full bridge inverter --- leakage current --- NPC topology --- full-bridge inverter --- PV microinverters --- single-stage --- buck-boost --- tapped inductor --- modular multilevel converter --- photovoltaic power system --- grid integration --- control system --- distributed renewable energy source --- energy storage --- 1500 V photovoltaic (PV) --- reliability --- cost-oriented design --- DC–DC converter --- series resonance converter --- wide range converter --- bidirectional switch --- conversion efficiency