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Thermosets are a key group of polymers. Understanding how their chemistry and structure affects their properties is essential to their manufacture and use in a range of applications. Thermosets: Structure, properties and applications reviews both factors affecting thermoset properties and how this understanding can be used to engineer thermosets for particular uses.Part one reviews mechanical and thermal properties, the use of chemorheology to characterise and model thermoset flow behaviour, and the role of nanostructures in thermoset toughening. Applications of thermosets are the focu
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Thermoplastics --- Elastomers --- Thermosetting plastics --- Gums and resins, Synthetic --- Plastics --- Elastomeric materials --- Reinforced elastomers --- Polymers --- Rubber --- Thermosetting plastics. --- Thermoplastics. --- Elastomers. --- bioplastics --- polymeric materials --- thermoplastics --- elastomers --- thermosets --- Thermoplastiques --- Élastomères --- Thermodurcissables
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The main objective of polymer materials scientists is to develop and design high performance polymer-based materials via the introduction of block copolymers, ionomers or inorganic-organic hybrids, in order to introduce functionalities such as mechanical reinforcement, gas barrier properties, fire retardancy, shape memory behavior or self-healing ability. In the last ten years, ionic liquids have demonstrated huge potential as new components within polymer-based materials, leading to a wide range of applications. Due to their many physical-chemical properties, as well as their various possible combinations, ionic liquids represent a new path to produce multifunctional materials.
History of engineering & technology --- ionic liquids --- thermosets --- Lithium salts --- electrolytes --- polyoxymethylene --- ionic liquid --- crystallization behavior --- nucleation --- polymerizable ionic liquid microemulsions --- poly(ionic liquid)s --- adsorption --- poly(ionic liquid) --- cross-linker --- electrochemical detection --- 4-nonylphenol --- poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) --- layered double hydroxide --- in-situ polymerization --- nanocomposite --- permeability --- biodegradable polymer --- IR spectroscopy --- silica --- high pressure --- microwave --- synthetic methods --- nanomaterials --- polymers --- humidity sensing --- free-ion concentration --- fast response and recovery --- respiratory rate monitoring --- PMMA --- plasticizer --- mechanical behavior --- crazing --- thermal behavior
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The main objective of polymer materials scientists is to develop and design high performance polymer-based materials via the introduction of block copolymers, ionomers or inorganic-organic hybrids, in order to introduce functionalities such as mechanical reinforcement, gas barrier properties, fire retardancy, shape memory behavior or self-healing ability. In the last ten years, ionic liquids have demonstrated huge potential as new components within polymer-based materials, leading to a wide range of applications. Due to their many physical-chemical properties, as well as their various possible combinations, ionic liquids represent a new path to produce multifunctional materials.
ionic liquids --- thermosets --- Lithium salts --- electrolytes --- polyoxymethylene --- ionic liquid --- crystallization behavior --- nucleation --- polymerizable ionic liquid microemulsions --- poly(ionic liquid)s --- adsorption --- poly(ionic liquid) --- cross-linker --- electrochemical detection --- 4-nonylphenol --- poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) --- layered double hydroxide --- in-situ polymerization --- nanocomposite --- permeability --- biodegradable polymer --- IR spectroscopy --- silica --- high pressure --- microwave --- synthetic methods --- nanomaterials --- polymers --- humidity sensing --- free-ion concentration --- fast response and recovery --- respiratory rate monitoring --- PMMA --- plasticizer --- mechanical behavior --- crazing --- thermal behavior
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The main objective of polymer materials scientists is to develop and design high performance polymer-based materials via the introduction of block copolymers, ionomers or inorganic-organic hybrids, in order to introduce functionalities such as mechanical reinforcement, gas barrier properties, fire retardancy, shape memory behavior or self-healing ability. In the last ten years, ionic liquids have demonstrated huge potential as new components within polymer-based materials, leading to a wide range of applications. Due to their many physical-chemical properties, as well as their various possible combinations, ionic liquids represent a new path to produce multifunctional materials.
History of engineering & technology --- ionic liquids --- thermosets --- Lithium salts --- electrolytes --- polyoxymethylene --- ionic liquid --- crystallization behavior --- nucleation --- polymerizable ionic liquid microemulsions --- poly(ionic liquid)s --- adsorption --- poly(ionic liquid) --- cross-linker --- electrochemical detection --- 4-nonylphenol --- poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) --- layered double hydroxide --- in-situ polymerization --- nanocomposite --- permeability --- biodegradable polymer --- IR spectroscopy --- silica --- high pressure --- microwave --- synthetic methods --- nanomaterials --- polymers --- humidity sensing --- free-ion concentration --- fast response and recovery --- respiratory rate monitoring --- PMMA --- plasticizer --- mechanical behavior --- crazing --- thermal behavior
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BioPolymers could be either natural polymers – polymer naturally occurring in Nature, such as cellulose or starch…, or biobased polymers that are artificially synthesized from natural resources. Since the late 1990s, the polymer industry has faced two serious problems: global warming and anticipation of limitation to the access to fossil resources. One solution consists in the use of sustainable resources instead of fossil-based resources. Hence, biomass feedstocks are a promising resource and biopolymers are one of the most dynamic polymer area. Additionally, biodegradability is a special functionality conferred to a material, bio-based or not. Very recently, facing the awareness of the volumes of plastic wastes, biodegradable polymers are gaining increasing attention from the market and industrial community. This special issue of Molecules deals with the current scientific and industrial challenges of Natural and Biobased Polymers, through the access of new biobased monomers, improved thermo-mechanical properties, and by substitution of harmful substances. This themed issue can be considered as collection of highlights within the field of Natural Polymers and Biobased Polymers which clearly demonstrate the increased interest in this field. We hope that this will inspire researchers to further develop this area and thus contribute to futures more sustainable society.”
Research & information: general --- imine --- epoxide --- amine --- thermoset --- bio-based --- biobased epoxy --- cardanol --- cationic photocuring --- microfibrillated cellulose --- biobased composites --- sustainable materials --- biomass --- green chemistry --- mechanims --- humins --- epoxy resins --- thermosets --- kinetics --- ring-opening --- biobased --- polyurethane foam --- catalyst --- polycarbonates --- furan-maleimide --- Diels-Alder --- fatty acids --- melt extrusion --- 3D printing --- cellulose nanofibrils --- biocomposite filaments --- physical property --- drained and undrained peatlands --- peats --- humic acids --- thermal --- paramagnetic and optical properties --- acetylated starch --- etherified starch --- chemical composition --- macromolecular characteristics --- surface characterization --- lignin --- fractionation --- biobased polymers --- solvent extraction --- membrane-assisted ultrafiltration --- plant oil-based monomers --- mixed micelles --- methyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex --- emulsion polymerization --- nanocellulose --- polymer --- coating --- textile --- adhesion --- biobased monomer --- photoinduced-polymerization --- eugenol-derived methacrylate --- bacterial cellulose --- alginate --- gelatin --- curcumin --- biomaterials --- chitosan --- silane coupling agent --- microfiber --- crosslinking --- mechanical strength --- block copolymers --- renewable resources --- RAFT --- alkyl lactate --- PSA --- terpenoid --- exo-methylene --- conjugated diene --- renewable monomer --- biobased polymer --- radical polymerization --- copolymerization --- living radical polymerization --- RAFT polymerization --- heat-resistant polymer --- n/a
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BioPolymers could be either natural polymers – polymer naturally occurring in Nature, such as cellulose or starch…, or biobased polymers that are artificially synthesized from natural resources. Since the late 1990s, the polymer industry has faced two serious problems: global warming and anticipation of limitation to the access to fossil resources. One solution consists in the use of sustainable resources instead of fossil-based resources. Hence, biomass feedstocks are a promising resource and biopolymers are one of the most dynamic polymer area. Additionally, biodegradability is a special functionality conferred to a material, bio-based or not. Very recently, facing the awareness of the volumes of plastic wastes, biodegradable polymers are gaining increasing attention from the market and industrial community. This special issue of Molecules deals with the current scientific and industrial challenges of Natural and Biobased Polymers, through the access of new biobased monomers, improved thermo-mechanical properties, and by substitution of harmful substances. This themed issue can be considered as collection of highlights within the field of Natural Polymers and Biobased Polymers which clearly demonstrate the increased interest in this field. We hope that this will inspire researchers to further develop this area and thus contribute to futures more sustainable society.”
imine --- epoxide --- amine --- thermoset --- bio-based --- biobased epoxy --- cardanol --- cationic photocuring --- microfibrillated cellulose --- biobased composites --- sustainable materials --- biomass --- green chemistry --- mechanims --- humins --- epoxy resins --- thermosets --- kinetics --- ring-opening --- biobased --- polyurethane foam --- catalyst --- polycarbonates --- furan-maleimide --- Diels-Alder --- fatty acids --- melt extrusion --- 3D printing --- cellulose nanofibrils --- biocomposite filaments --- physical property --- drained and undrained peatlands --- peats --- humic acids --- thermal --- paramagnetic and optical properties --- acetylated starch --- etherified starch --- chemical composition --- macromolecular characteristics --- surface characterization --- lignin --- fractionation --- biobased polymers --- solvent extraction --- membrane-assisted ultrafiltration --- plant oil-based monomers --- mixed micelles --- methyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex --- emulsion polymerization --- nanocellulose --- polymer --- coating --- textile --- adhesion --- biobased monomer --- photoinduced-polymerization --- eugenol-derived methacrylate --- bacterial cellulose --- alginate --- gelatin --- curcumin --- biomaterials --- chitosan --- silane coupling agent --- microfiber --- crosslinking --- mechanical strength --- block copolymers --- renewable resources --- RAFT --- alkyl lactate --- PSA --- terpenoid --- exo-methylene --- conjugated diene --- renewable monomer --- biobased polymer --- radical polymerization --- copolymerization --- living radical polymerization --- RAFT polymerization --- heat-resistant polymer --- n/a
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BioPolymers could be either natural polymers – polymer naturally occurring in Nature, such as cellulose or starch…, or biobased polymers that are artificially synthesized from natural resources. Since the late 1990s, the polymer industry has faced two serious problems: global warming and anticipation of limitation to the access to fossil resources. One solution consists in the use of sustainable resources instead of fossil-based resources. Hence, biomass feedstocks are a promising resource and biopolymers are one of the most dynamic polymer area. Additionally, biodegradability is a special functionality conferred to a material, bio-based or not. Very recently, facing the awareness of the volumes of plastic wastes, biodegradable polymers are gaining increasing attention from the market and industrial community. This special issue of Molecules deals with the current scientific and industrial challenges of Natural and Biobased Polymers, through the access of new biobased monomers, improved thermo-mechanical properties, and by substitution of harmful substances. This themed issue can be considered as collection of highlights within the field of Natural Polymers and Biobased Polymers which clearly demonstrate the increased interest in this field. We hope that this will inspire researchers to further develop this area and thus contribute to futures more sustainable society.”
Research & information: general --- imine --- epoxide --- amine --- thermoset --- bio-based --- biobased epoxy --- cardanol --- cationic photocuring --- microfibrillated cellulose --- biobased composites --- sustainable materials --- biomass --- green chemistry --- mechanims --- humins --- epoxy resins --- thermosets --- kinetics --- ring-opening --- biobased --- polyurethane foam --- catalyst --- polycarbonates --- furan-maleimide --- Diels-Alder --- fatty acids --- melt extrusion --- 3D printing --- cellulose nanofibrils --- biocomposite filaments --- physical property --- drained and undrained peatlands --- peats --- humic acids --- thermal --- paramagnetic and optical properties --- acetylated starch --- etherified starch --- chemical composition --- macromolecular characteristics --- surface characterization --- lignin --- fractionation --- biobased polymers --- solvent extraction --- membrane-assisted ultrafiltration --- plant oil-based monomers --- mixed micelles --- methyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex --- emulsion polymerization --- nanocellulose --- polymer --- coating --- textile --- adhesion --- biobased monomer --- photoinduced-polymerization --- eugenol-derived methacrylate --- bacterial cellulose --- alginate --- gelatin --- curcumin --- biomaterials --- chitosan --- silane coupling agent --- microfiber --- crosslinking --- mechanical strength --- block copolymers --- renewable resources --- RAFT --- alkyl lactate --- PSA --- terpenoid --- exo-methylene --- conjugated diene --- renewable monomer --- biobased polymer --- radical polymerization --- copolymerization --- living radical polymerization --- RAFT polymerization --- heat-resistant polymer
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