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Gerechtigkeit hat eine zeitliche Dimension. Sie mag eine ewige Idee sein, als Zustand ist sie aber nicht von Dauer. Denn Gerechtigkeit lässt sich nicht ein für alle Mal herstellen, sondern nur für konkrete Zeitpunkte und Zeiträume konstatieren. Für unser Urteil darüber, was in einer bestimmten Situation oder in einer bestimmten Hinsicht gerecht ist, spielt das Verstreichen von Zeit deshalb eine entscheidende Rolle: Wie lange sind menschliche Willensäußerungen als verbindlich anzusehen? Wie weit in die Zukunft und wie weit in die Vergangenheit reicht die Verantwortung, die wir für unsere Handlungen haben? Ist es plausibel, dass die Verantwortung für eine Handlung verjährt? Und welche Bedeutung kommt dem Verstreichen von Zeit bei der Allokation knapper Güter und für die Gewährleistung von Chancengleichheit zu? Der Band veranschaulicht die zeitliche Dimension der Gerechtigkeit, die in der Ethik bisher kaum beachtet worden ist, aus philosophischer, rechtswissenschaftlicher und sozialwissenschaftlicher Perspektive. Dabei zeigt sich, dass jede Theorie gerechter Verteilung dem Verstreichen von Zeit Rechnung tragen muss und Zukunftsethik sich nicht nur auf das Verteilungsparadigma stützen kann.Die Beiträge stammen von Jan Niklas Bunnenberg, Thomas Gutmann, Sören Hilbrich, Ortrud Leßmann, Thomas Meyer, Johannes Müller-Salo, Esther Neuhann und Nadia Primc.
Ethik --- ethics --- temporaldimension of justice --- theory of distribution --- passing of time --- distribution paradigm --- Verteilungsparadigma --- Chancengleichheit --- Zukunftsethik --- Zeit --- time
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Il volume propone un percorso di lettura sull’economia politica classica, e su Marx, che si prolunga sino all’opera di Sraffa. Un primo filo conduttore è dato da una visione della teoria del valore che non la riduce a determinazione individuale dei prezzi, ma ne sottolinea l’aspetto macrosociale: in Smith (lavoro comandato) come giustificazione del capitalismo, in Ricardo (lavoro contenuto) come base contraddittoria della teoria della distribuzione, in Marx (lavoro vivo in quanto lavoro astratto in movimento) come indagine sulla costituzione del capitale nel rapporto sociale di produzione. Contrariamente alle interpretazioni più diffuse, le carte inedite di Sraffa, secondo l’autore, consentono di individuare una forte continuità dell’economista italiano con questo Marx. Un secondo filo conduttore consiste nella riflessione circa il destino del lavoro nel capitalismo e oltre, che passa per la messa in questione dell’antropologia smithiana del lavoro sino alla liberazione dal lavoro intravista da Keynes, a cui si oppone la marxiana liberazione del lavoro. Ne emerge una visione apertamente contraria alla centralità totalitaria dell’economico, che nelle due appendici al volume si articola con la questione della natura e la questione di genere. La trasformazione sociale è legata a doppio filo a un cambiamento strutturale della domanda come dell’offerta, e alla ripresa di un protagonismo conflittuale della classe lavoratrice a partire dai luoghi della produzione.
Economics --- History --- History of Social Sciences --- economia politica classica --- teoria del valore --- capitalismo --- teoria della distribuzione --- lavoro --- genere --- natura --- économie politique classique --- théorie des valeurs --- capitalisme --- théorie de la distribution --- travail --- genre --- nature --- classical political economy --- theory of value --- capitalism --- theory of distribution --- work --- gender
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In Economics in Perspective, renowned economist John Kenneth Galbraith presents a compelling and accessible history of economic ideas, from Aristotle through the twentieth century. Examining theories of the past that have a continuing modern resonance, he shows that economics is not a timeless, objective science, but is continually evolving as it is shaped by specific times and places. From Adam Smith's theories during the Industrial Revolution to those of John Maynard Keynes after the Great Depression, Galbraith demonstrates that if economic ideas are to remain relevant, they must continually adapt to the world they inhabit. A lively examination of economic thought in historical context, Economics in Perspective shows how the field has evolved across the centuries.
Economic history. --- Economics --- History. --- A Treatise on Money. --- Adam Müller. --- Adam Smith. --- Alfred Marshall. --- Alvin Harvey Hansen. --- Aristotle. --- Arthur C. Pigou. --- Auguste Walras. --- Britain. --- Christianity. --- David Ricardo. --- France. --- Franklin D. Roosevelt. --- Friedrich Engels. --- Georg Friedrich List. --- Germany. --- Great Depression. --- Greece. --- Greenbacks. --- Harvard University. --- Henry Charles Carey. --- Henry George. --- Herbert Spencer. --- Industrial Revolution. --- Irving Fisher. --- Jean Baptiste Say. --- Jean Charles Léonard de Sismondi. --- Jeremy Bentham. --- John Maynard Keynes. --- John R. Commons. --- John Stuart Mill. --- Joseph Schumpeter. --- Karl Marx. --- Karl Menger. --- Keynesian Revolution. --- Keynesian economics. --- Lauchlin Currie. --- Lenin (Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov). --- Middle Ages. --- National Recovery Act. --- Nicole Oresme. --- October Revolution. --- Otto von Bismarck. --- Physiocrats. --- Pierre Joseph Proudhon. --- Plato. --- Rexford Guy Tugwell. --- Romans. --- Say's Law. --- Sherman Act. --- Social Darwinism. --- Social Security Act. --- Thomas Aquinas. --- Thomas Robert Malthus. --- Thorstein Veblen. --- United States. --- University of Wisconsin. --- Utilitarianism. --- Wealth of Nations. --- Winston Churchill. --- World War II. --- agriculture. --- balance of payments. --- banking. --- banks. --- borrowing. --- capital. --- capitalism. --- class structure. --- classical economics. --- classical tradition. --- communism. --- competition. --- consumption. --- cost. --- deflation. --- distribution. --- economic ideas. --- economic life. --- economic policy. --- economics. --- economists. --- economy. --- employment. --- equilibrium economics. --- exchange. --- factories. --- free trade. --- government expenditures. --- history of economics. --- inequality. --- institutionalists. --- justice. --- labor. --- marginal utility. --- markets. --- mercantilism. --- merchant capitalism. --- merchants. --- monetarism. --- money. --- monopolies. --- national state. --- natural law. --- oppressive power. --- poverty. --- price determination. --- prices. --- private property. --- production. --- produit net. --- public policy. --- recession. --- silver. --- social welfare. --- tariff protection. --- tariffs. --- taxes. --- theory of distribution. --- theory of value. --- trade. --- trusts. --- underemployment equilibrium. --- unemployment. --- value. --- voyages of discovery. --- wages. --- welfare state. --- working class. --- younger economists.
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