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Over the past few years, a new system of currency has appeared in our daily life: the
complementary community currency. Indeed, more than 5,000 complementary currencies have
been established lately. As its name suggests, it is a currency used in parallel with the national
currency within a given territory. Based on the principle of local production, sustainable and
social economy, the users are citizens of common life who choose to change their way of living
by adopting responsible acts. Local communities pool their efforts to recognize unmet needs
and to bring solution to create systems that benefit to local producers rather than mass retails.
This works attempts to clarify the different types of complementary community currencies and
to provide the key success factors of those initiatives. Many factors have been found by the
review of the scientific literature and several specific projects were interviewed to validate those
assumptions. It appears that different characteristics should be brought to light in order to offer
successful project depending on the type: either LETS (Local Exchange Trading System) or
local currency.
The qualitative analysis enables us to qualify the type and number of initiators, the size of the
network, the type of financing, the support of the public authorities as some characteristics
among others that will have to be discussed and appropriately chosen to make the project a real
success and to help it succeed in the long run

complementary currencies --- local production --- social economy --- sustainable economy --- success factors --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Economie sociale

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Nous vivons dans un monde en perpétuelle évolution, les technologies sont de plus en plus présentes dans notre quotidien et dans les entreprises. Depuis 2011, les notions de quatrième révolution industrielle ou d’industrie 4.0 sont de plus en plus présentes. Les grandes sociétés sont généralement à jour technologiquement. Néanmoins, ce n’est pas toujours le cas pour les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME). Cependant, il existe un paradoxe (Solow paradox) très souvent débattu par les auteurs dans la littérature économique. Certaines études ont en effet démontré un paradoxe de productivité entre l’implémentation d’une nouvelle innovation dans une firme et l’augmentation de la productivité. La productivité peut être mesurée à l’aide de données financières et non-financières. Pour cette étude, nous nous concentrons sur des aspects non-financiers.
Notre premier objectif est donc d’évaluer la présence ou l’absence du paradoxe de productivité et le niveau de l’amélioration de productivité d’une PME manufacturière belge à la suite de l’implémentation d’une technologie de l’industrie 4.0. Notre second objectif est de déceler les facteurs clés de succès de cette amélioration de productivité. 
Pour répondre à ces objectifs, nous avons effectué une étude qualitative de 15 interviews réalisées auprès de managers de PME manufacturières belges. Nous nous sommes aidés de la méthode de Yin (2016) pour la méthodologie de collecte, d’analyse et d’interprétation des données récoltées.
Nous observons une absence du paradoxe de productivité et une amélioration de la productivité au niveau des facteurs de la productivité du travail, de la communication et du service client. Les principaux facteurs clés de succès pour les PME sont les connaissances et l’audace des chefs d’entreprise pour se lancer dans un projet de transformation vers les technologies 4.0, les compétences des travailleurs et la collaboration avec les acteurs internes et externes à la firme. We live in an ever-changing world, with technologies becoming more and more present in our daily lives and in companies. Since 2011, we have been talking about the fourth industrial revolution or Industry 4.0. If large companies are generally technologically up to date, this is not always the case for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). However, there is a paradox (Solow paradox) that is often discussed by authors in the literature on the subject. Some studies have demonstrated a productivity paradox between the implementation of a new innovation in a firm and the increase in productivity. Productivity can be measured using financial and non-financial data. In this study, we will focus on non-financial aspects.
My first objective is therefore to assess the presence or absence of the productivity paradox and the level of productivity improvement of a Belgian manufacturing SME following the implementation of an Industry 4.0 technology. My second objective is to identify the key success factors of this productivity improvement. 
To meet these objectives, we conducted a qualitative study of 15 interviews with managers of Belgian manufacturing SMEs. We used the method of Yin (2016) for the methodology of collection, analysis and interpretation of the collected data.
We observe an absence of the productivity paradox and a positive productivity improvement regarding the factors of work productivity, communication and customer service. The main key success factors for SMEs are the knowledge and boldness of managers to embark on a project of transformation towards 4.0 technologies, the skills of the workers and the collaboration with actors internal and external to the firm.

Industry 4.0 --- SMEs --- Productivity --- Critical success factors --- Industrie 4.0 --- Productivité --- PME --- Facteurs clés de succès --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Stratégie & innovation

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The do-it-yourself and building materials sector in Wallonia is divided between small businesses and big stores, which are analysed during this work. Everyone feels involved in this sector because everyone has already been in this kind of shops.
After setting the context by explaining the do-it-yourself and building materials sector in Wallonia and its history, this master thesis tries to clear up the choice of the different ratios and the success and risk factors for small businesses. The different studied brands are the following for big stores : Brico, Hubo, Brico Plan It, Gamma and Arma, BigMat Cataldo, Brico Targez, Moline Habitat, Dartevelle, Garsou et Royal Tapis for small businesses. These theoretical parts show us an increased competition between the different brands and a saturated market. Every business shows us that the competition can not increase in the next years if everyone wants to survive.
Then, the practical part deals with the presentation of the market by summarising all the numerical informations for big stores but also for small businesses. The purpose of this work is to examine the viability of the sector, and particularly the viability of small businesses in front of big stores, by analysing liquidity, profitability and solvency of the different businesses. This is the quantitative analysis of the master thesis and it includes the choice of the period of six years beginning in 2010 until 2015 and the analysis strictly speaking. This analysis allows us to have an overview of the sector which seems to be in a good shape even if few businesses seem to have some small weaknesses.
Thereafter, we determine the success and risk factors for small businesses in front of big stores. A qualitative analysis allows us to validate the theoretical success and risk factors and complete them with the practical aspect of the sector.
To conclude, the quantitative and qualitative analyses give the same results. The small businesses benefit from more success than risk factors. Moreover, the results of the financial analysis of small shops are higher than those from big stores. But it is still difficult to determine the future of the sector because the evolution of the sector is unpredictable.

Do it yourself --- Building materials --- Liquidity --- Profitability --- Solvency --- Success factors --- Risk factors --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Marketing --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Finance --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Production, distribution & gestion de la chaîne logistique

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Get creative and optimize your SAP SuccessFactors Recruiting implementation with this guide, which examines a variety of integration and automation opportunities throughout the recruiting process outside of the standard integrations. Innovative SAP SuccessFactors Recruiting walks you through the end-to-end recruiting process and highlights opportunities to create interfaces and automation at each stage using a variety of methods and tools. After a brief overview of the market demands driving growth in this area and an introduction to OData, Anand Athanur, Mark Ingram and Michael A. Wellens detail each step in the recruiting process, starting with automating and integrating requisition creation using APIs and middleware. They then explore ways of enhancing candidate attraction and experience for the initial application process. After that, they jump into automation for overall candidate selection and processing, including automation using Robotic Process Automation, Integration center, the assessment integration framework, custom OData integrations, the background check integration framework, and Business Rules. Additionally, you'll be shown onboarding optimization techniques using Intelligent Services, as well as hiring into third-party HRIS systems. After finishing this book, you will have a thorough understanding of how to utilize SAP SuccessFactors to recruit the right candidates for every position. What You Will Learn Integrate and automate the requisition creation process in innovative ways outside of SAP documentation Enhance candidate attraction and experience Leverage integration and automation opportunities within the application processing stage Automate hiring into third-party HRIS systems Who this Book For Customers, Consultants, and 3rd Party Vendors wishing to connect their solutions to SAP SuccessFactors Recruiting.

Personnel management --- Employees --- Information technology. --- Recruiting. --- Recruiting of employees --- Recruitment of employees --- Manpower planning --- Employment agencies --- Corporations --- Employment management --- Human resource management --- Human resources management --- Manpower utilization --- Personnel administration --- Management --- Public administration --- Employment practices liability insurance --- Supervision of employees --- Recruiting --- Data processing. --- SuccessFactors (Firm) --- SAP ERP. --- Laborers --- Personnel --- Workers --- Persons --- Industrial relations --- SAP SuccessFactors (Firm) --- Success Factors (Firm) --- Systems, applications and products in data processing enterprise resource planning --- SAP Enterprise resource planning

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In a VUCA world (volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous), organizations, in order to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage, must learn to mitigate risk and prioritize performance and innovation. In the last decade, as a way to respond to market demands, projects emerge as a way for organizations to implement their strategic objectives in order to respond to a need, opportunity, or threat in an efficient way. This e-book includes a collection of 11 papers that discuss theoretical approaches and case studies, focused on a combined effect between Project Risk Assessment and corporate behaviour in order to support the sustainability and business resilience in a competitive environment. The e-book will be of particular interest to entrepreneurs, researchers, and policymakers.

Business strategy --- Management of specific areas --- the ECA method --- UN SDGs --- COVID-19 coronavirus --- Islamic banking --- Maqasid al-Shariah --- sustainability practices --- sustainability indicators --- SDG governance --- green human resource management practices --- corporate sustainability --- developing country --- industry perspective --- renewable energy --- emerging management practices --- knowledge management --- decentralization --- sustainable organizational performance --- entrepreneurial orientation --- innovation performance --- organizational commitment --- transformational leadership --- small and medium-sized enterprises --- communication --- formal communication --- informal communication --- communication willingness --- conflict --- project manager --- project management --- risk management --- social network analysis --- cooperative networks --- business intelligence --- project cooperative risks --- knowledge creation --- sustainable business --- project risks --- corporate behavior --- project critical success factors --- sustainable cooperative partnerships --- entrepreneurial leadership --- product innovation performance --- risk --- design thinking --- intra-firm networks --- absorptive capacity --- collaborative innovation project --- sustainable development --- project performance --- influencing factors --- SEM --- sustainability --- collaborative networks --- logistics --- transportation sector --- risk assessment and management --- Monte Carlo method --- graph-centrality metrics --- project outcome --- project lifecycle --- individual performance --- collective performance --- correlation