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The electrical energy industry is undergoing dramatic changes: massive deployment of renewables, increasing share of DC networks at transmission and distribution levels, and at the same time, a continuing reduction in conventional synchronous generation, all contribute to a situation where a variety of technical and economic challenges emerge. As the society’s reliance on electrical power continues to increase as a result of international decarbonisation commitments, the need for secure and uninterrupted delivery of electrical energy to all customers has never been greater. Power system protection plays an important enabling role in future decarbonized energy systems. This book includes ten papers covering a wide range of topics related to protection system problems and solutions, such as adaptive protection, protection of HVDC and LVDC systems, unconventional or enhanced protection methods, protection of superconducting transmission cables, and high voltage lightning protection. This volume has been edited by Adam Dyśko, Senior Lecturer at the University of Strathclyde, UK, and Dimitrios Tzelepis, Research Fellow at the University of Strathclyde.

decentralized protection scheme --- fault analysis --- low voltage direct current grids --- plug-and-play systems --- solid-state circuit breakers --- DC grids --- fault protection --- local detection --- local action --- DC circuit breaker --- AC microgrid --- adaptive protection --- IEC 61850 GOOSE protocol --- substation automation --- adaptive auto-reclosing --- power system protection --- EV transmission lines --- transient fault --- Hilbert–Huang transform --- microgrid --- distributed generation --- inverse-time over-current protection --- coordination optimization --- superconducting cable --- quench --- high temperature --- coppers stabilizer --- superconducting tape --- fault current limiting feature --- power generation-side --- multi-information fusion --- hierarchical protection system --- system layer --- station layer --- local layer --- wavelet entropy --- transient component --- MMC-HVDC --- protection --- building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) --- lightning attachment characteristics --- lightning energy withstand capability --- numerical and experimental analysis --- ±230 kV MMC-HVDC --- zero-crossing DCCB --- DC transmission line --- fault current --- hybrid DCCB --- bidirectional DCCB --- external elements --- energy dissipation --- n/a --- Hilbert-Huang transform

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Energy efficiency and low-carbon technologies are key contributors to curtailing the emission of greenhouse gases that continue to cause global warming. The efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions also strongly affect electrical power systems. Renewable sources, storage systems, and flexible loads provide new system controls, but power system operators and utilities have to deal with their fluctuating nature, limited storage capabilities, and typically higher infrastructure complexity with a growing number of heterogeneous components. In addition to the technological change of new components, the liberalization of energy markets and new regulatory rules bring contextual change that necessitates the restructuring of the design and operation of future energy systems. Sophisticated component design methods, intelligent information and communication architectures, automation and control concepts, new and advanced markets, as well as proper standards are necessary in order to manage the higher complexity of such intelligent power systems that form smart grids. Due to the considerably higher complexity of such cyber-physical energy systems, constituting the power system, automation, protection, information and communication technology (ICT), and system services, it is expected that the design and validation of smart-grid configurations will play a major role in future technology and system developments. However, an integrated approach for the design and evaluation of smart-grid configurations incorporating these diverse constituent parts remains evasive. The currently available validation approaches focus mainly on component-oriented methods. In order to guarantee a sustainable, affordable, and secure supply of electricity through the transition to a future smart grid with considerably higher complexity and innovation, new design, validation, and testing methods appropriate for cyber-physical systems are required. Therefore, this book summarizes recent research results and developments related to the design and validation of smart grid systems.

web of cells --- IHE --- distribution grid --- accuracy --- use cases --- Development --- synchrophasors --- underground cabling --- solar photovoltaics (PV) --- laboratory testbed --- conceptual structuration --- Quasi-Dynamic Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop --- coupling method --- time synchronization --- smart energy systems --- substation automation system (SAS) --- testing --- investment --- time delay --- interface algorithm (IA) --- PHIL (power hardware in the loop) --- network outage --- operational range of PHIL --- wind power --- elastic demand bids --- Model-Based Software Engineering --- Enterprise Architecture Management --- plug-in electric vehicle --- Smart Grid Architecture Model --- linear/switching amplifier --- pricing scheme --- average consensus --- traffic reduction technique --- cell --- gazelle --- smart grids control strategies --- real-time simulation and hardware-in-the-loop experiments --- 4G Long Term Evolution—LTE --- power loss allocation --- cyber-physical energy system --- experimentation --- microgrid --- resilience --- integration profiles --- remuneration scheme --- renewable energy sources --- shiftable loads --- droop control --- Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop --- peer-to-peer --- validation techniques for innovative smart grid solutions --- frequency containment control (FCC) --- synchronous power system --- power frequency characteristic --- development and implementation methods for smart grid technologies --- cascading procurement --- IEC 62559 --- device-to-device communication --- DC link --- validation and testing --- information and communication technology --- TOGAF --- battery energy storage system (BESS) --- active distribution network --- stability --- Validation --- synchronized measurements --- Architecture --- locational marginal prices --- SGAM --- network reconfiguration --- interoperability --- seamless communications --- fault management --- real-time simulation --- System-of-Systems --- market design elements --- micro combined heat and power (micro-CHP) --- co-simulation-based assessment methods --- islanded operation --- connectathon --- Software-in-the-Loop --- voltage control --- electricity distribution --- distribution phasor measurement units --- centralised control --- data mining --- robust optimization --- modelling and simulation of smart grid systems --- hardware-in-the-Loop --- smart grids --- cyber physical co-simulation --- design --- decentralised energy system --- procurement scheme --- Smart Grid --- smart grid --- distributed control --- fuzzy logic --- Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL) --- simulation initialization --- multi-agent system --- adaptive control --- real-time balancing market --- co-simulation --- optimal reserve allocation --- Web-of-Cells --- Hardware-in-the-Loop --- micro-synchrophasors --- linear decision rules --- synchronization --- hardware-in-the-loop --- PMU --- high-availability seamless redundancy (HSR) --- market design --- demand response