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Modern engineering design processes are driven by the extensive use of numerical simulations; naval architecture and ocean engineering are no exception. Computational power has been improved over the last few decades; therefore, the integration of different tools such as CAD, FEM, CFD, and CAM has enabled complex modeling and manufacturing problems to be solved in a more feasible way. Classical naval design methodology can take advantage of this integration, giving rise to more robust designs in terms of shape, structural and hydrodynamic performances, and the manufacturing process.This Special Issue invites researchers and engineers from both academia and the industry to publish the latest progress in design and manufacturing techniques in marine engineering and to debate the current issues and future perspectives in this research area. Suitable topics for this issue include, but are not limited to, the following:CAD-based approaches for designing the hull and appendages of sailing and engine-powered boats and comparisons with traditional techniques;Finite element method applications to predict the structural performance of the whole boat or of a portion of it, with particular attention to the modeling of the material used;Embedded measurement systems for structural health monitoring;Determination of hydrodynamic efficiency using experimental, numerical, or semi-empiric methods for displacement and planning hulls;Topology optimization techniques to overcome traditional scantling criteria based on international standards;Applications of additive manufacturing to derive innovative shapes for internal reinforcements or sandwich hull structures.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- wave compensation platform --- 3-SPR parallel platform --- 3-RPS parallel platform --- structure optimization --- workspace analysis --- level 4 sea state --- cryogenic tank --- boil-off gas (BOG) --- boil-off rate (BOR) --- finite element analysis (FEA) --- liquid nitrogen --- near-bottom zooplankton --- multi-net --- visible sampling --- fidelity --- deep sea --- sailing yacht design --- rational Bézier curves --- VBA --- excel --- CAD --- VPP --- computational fluid dynamics --- hull design --- air cavity ships --- hull ventilation --- stepped planing hull --- Cartesian adaptive grids --- immersed boundaries --- LES simulation --- velocity prediction program --- numerical optimization --- High-Fidelity analysis --- geometric parameterization --- multihull design --- finite element method --- FSI --- sail design --- gennaker --- sail loads --- biomimetic design --- lightweight structure --- computer fluid dynamics --- design for additive manufacturing --- autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) --- collision avoidance planning --- deep reinforcement learning (DRL) --- double-DQN (D-DQN) --- computational model --- oscillating water column --- wave energy converter --- turbulent flows --- Savonius turbine --- n/a --- rational Bézier curves

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Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has become one of the key technologies in subsurface sensing and, in general, in non-destructive testing (NDT), since it is able to detect both metallic and nonmetallic targets. GPR for NDT has been successfully introduced in a wide range of sectors, such as mining and geology, glaciology, civil engineering and civil works, archaeology, and security and defense. In recent decades, improvements in georeferencing and positioning systems have enabled the introduction of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) techniques in GPR systems, yielding GPR–SAR systems capable of providing high-resolution microwave images. In parallel, the radiofrequency front-end of GPR systems has been optimized in terms of compactness (e.g., smaller Tx/Rx antennas) and cost. These advances, combined with improvements in autonomous platforms, such as unmanned terrestrial and aerial vehicles, have fostered new fields of application for GPR, where fast and reliable detection capabilities are demanded. In addition, processing techniques have been improved, taking advantage of the research conducted in related fields like inverse scattering and imaging. As a result, novel and robust algorithms have been developed for clutter reduction, automatic target recognition, and efficient processing of large sets of measurements to enable real-time imaging, among others. This Special Issue provides an overview of the state of the art in GPR imaging, focusing on the latest advances from both hardware and software perspectives.

Technology: general issues --- Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) --- Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) --- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) --- Real Time Kinematic (RTK) --- Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) --- landmine and IED detection --- non-destructive testing --- GPR --- coherence --- semblance --- attribute analysis --- imaging --- GPR trace --- high-resolution data --- large-scale survey --- archaeological prospection --- Ground-Penetrating Radar --- velocity analysis --- coherency functionals --- GPR data processing --- GPR data migration --- spatial-variant convolution neural network (SV-CNN) --- spatial-variant convolution kernel (SV-CK) --- radar image enhancing --- MIMO radar --- neural networks --- imaging radar --- ground penetrating radar --- wavelet scattering network --- machine learning --- support vector machine --- pipeline identification --- snow --- snow water equivalent (SWE) --- stepped-frequency continuous wave radar (SFCW) --- software defined radio (SDR) --- snowpack multilayer reflectance --- Ground Penetrating Radar --- Synthetic Aperture Radar --- landmine --- Improvised Explosive Device --- radar --- noise attenuation --- Gaussian spike impulse noise --- deep convolutional denoising autoencoders (CDAEs) --- deep convolutional denoising autoencoders with network structure optimization (CDAEsNSO) --- applied geophysics --- digital signal processing --- enhancement of 3D-GPR datasets --- clutter noise removal --- spectral filtering --- ground-penetrating radar --- nondestructive testing --- pipelines detection --- modeling --- signal processing --- n/a

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The fatigue behavior of traditional and advanced materials is a very relevant topic in different strategic applications impacting and affecting our daily lives. The present Special Issue invites papers to update readers on the state of the art on this important topic. Both review and original manuscripts are welcome. Special attention will be dedicated to innovative materials and innovative manufacturing processes or post-treatments able to improve the fatigue life and reliability of a structural component. Scale effect will be also fully treated focusing on different applications and multiscale approaches aimed at understanding structural integrity under cyclic loadings. This state of the art perspective will help engineers, designers and people from the academy gain an updated view on this very challenging topic which is nowadays very important due to the advances in manufacturing technologies that allow complex new materials to be fabricated.

History of engineering & technology --- elevated temperature --- low cycle fatigue --- damage accumulation --- uniaxial and multiaxial loading --- precipitates --- fatigue crack growth --- creep aging --- artificial aging --- fatigue --- nickel-based single crystal superalloy --- life modeling --- resolved shear stress --- railway axle --- semi-elliptical crack --- residual stresses --- friction stir welding --- residual stress --- weak area --- finite element simulation --- life prediction --- high temperature --- 12Cr1MoV steel --- mixed salt environments --- corrosion fatigue --- heat pipe failure --- critical plane model --- multiaxial fatigue --- non–proportional loading --- 316 stainless steel --- 304 stainless steel --- fracture toughness --- coarse-grained heat affected zone (CGHAZ) --- X80 pipeline steels --- weld thermal simulation --- finite element analysis (FEA) --- fatigue performance --- rounded welding region --- finite element modeling (FEM) --- structure optimization --- reinforcing plate --- isotropic hardening --- crack tip opening displacement --- CTOD --- crack closure --- metal matrix composites --- powder metallurgy --- Fe/B4C composites --- iron boride phases (Fe2B/FeB) --- Charpy impact test --- single crystal superalloy --- recrystallization --- fatigue small crack --- slip --- in situ SEM --- ultrasonic cyclic testing --- frequency effect --- control type effect --- strain rate effect --- 50CrMo4 --- SAE 4150 --- high cycle fatigue --- very high cycle fatigue --- statistical analyses --- n/a --- non-proportional loading

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Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has become one of the key technologies in subsurface sensing and, in general, in non-destructive testing (NDT), since it is able to detect both metallic and nonmetallic targets. GPR for NDT has been successfully introduced in a wide range of sectors, such as mining and geology, glaciology, civil engineering and civil works, archaeology, and security and defense. In recent decades, improvements in georeferencing and positioning systems have enabled the introduction of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) techniques in GPR systems, yielding GPR–SAR systems capable of providing high-resolution microwave images. In parallel, the radiofrequency front-end of GPR systems has been optimized in terms of compactness (e.g., smaller Tx/Rx antennas) and cost. These advances, combined with improvements in autonomous platforms, such as unmanned terrestrial and aerial vehicles, have fostered new fields of application for GPR, where fast and reliable detection capabilities are demanded. In addition, processing techniques have been improved, taking advantage of the research conducted in related fields like inverse scattering and imaging. As a result, novel and robust algorithms have been developed for clutter reduction, automatic target recognition, and efficient processing of large sets of measurements to enable real-time imaging, among others. This Special Issue provides an overview of the state of the art in GPR imaging, focusing on the latest advances from both hardware and software perspectives.

Technology: general issues --- Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) --- Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) --- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) --- Real Time Kinematic (RTK) --- Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) --- landmine and IED detection --- non-destructive testing --- GPR --- coherence --- semblance --- attribute analysis --- imaging --- GPR trace --- high-resolution data --- large-scale survey --- archaeological prospection --- Ground-Penetrating Radar --- velocity analysis --- coherency functionals --- GPR data processing --- GPR data migration --- spatial-variant convolution neural network (SV-CNN) --- spatial-variant convolution kernel (SV-CK) --- radar image enhancing --- MIMO radar --- neural networks --- imaging radar --- ground penetrating radar --- wavelet scattering network --- machine learning --- support vector machine --- pipeline identification --- snow --- snow water equivalent (SWE) --- stepped-frequency continuous wave radar (SFCW) --- software defined radio (SDR) --- snowpack multilayer reflectance --- Ground Penetrating Radar --- Synthetic Aperture Radar --- landmine --- Improvised Explosive Device --- radar --- noise attenuation --- Gaussian spike impulse noise --- deep convolutional denoising autoencoders (CDAEs) --- deep convolutional denoising autoencoders with network structure optimization (CDAEsNSO) --- applied geophysics --- digital signal processing --- enhancement of 3D-GPR datasets --- clutter noise removal --- spectral filtering --- ground-penetrating radar --- nondestructive testing --- pipelines detection --- modeling --- signal processing --- n/a

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In the last century, innovations in agricultural technologies centered on maximizing food production to feed the growing population have contributed to significant changes in agroecosystem processes, including carbon, nutrients, and water cycling. There are growing concerns regarding soil fertility depletion, soil carbon loss, greenhouse gas emissions, irrigational water scarcity, and water pollution, affecting soil health, agricultural productivity, systems sustainability, and environmental quality. Soils provide the foundation for food production, soil water and nutrient cycling, and soil biological activities. Therefore, an improved understanding of biochemical pathways of soil organic matter and nutrient cycling, microbial community involved in regulating soil health, and soil processes associated with water flow and retention in soil profile helps design better agricultural systems and ultimately support plant growth and productivity. This book, Agroecological Approaches in Soil and Water Management, presents a collection of original research and review papers studying physical, chemical, and biological processes in soils and discusses multiple ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration, nutrients and water cycling, greenhouse gas emissions, and agro-environmental sustainability. We covered tillage, nutrients, irrigation, amendments, crop rotations, crop residue management practices for improving soil health, soil C and nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas emissions, soil water dynamics, and hydrological processes.

Research. --- Biology. --- Technology. --- Engineering. --- Agriculture. --- land use change --- tillage --- fertilization --- N2O fluxes --- subtropical region --- paddy field --- soil organic carbon --- denitrification decomposition (DNDC) --- climate change --- biochar --- food security --- socio-economics benefits --- sustainable agriculture --- sustainable environment --- evaluation of soil and water conservation --- simulated rainfall events --- soil denudation --- water and sediment process --- nitrogen --- nitrate leaching --- nitrous oxide --- soil resilience --- soil microbiome --- regenerative agriculture --- ecological ditch --- agroforestry --- conservation agriculture --- Europe --- North Africa --- nutrient retention --- organic agriculture --- soil conservation --- water conservation --- sodium adsorption ratio --- relative feed value, forage nutritive value --- oat --- alfalfa --- forage crops --- alternative water source --- agriculture landscape --- chlorophyll content of citrus --- landscape position --- soil properties --- terraces --- soil health indicators --- grazing systems --- permanganate oxidizable carbon --- soil microbial biomass --- carbon --- isotopic signature --- Mustang --- natural abundance --- nutrient sourcing --- maize equivalent yield --- nutrient loss --- runoff --- soil loss --- slope --- strip-intercropping --- water use efficiency --- structure optimization --- carbon footprint --- multi-objective linear programming --- circular agriculture --- hydrogel --- soil quality --- chemico-physical properties --- sustainability --- macronutrient --- nutrient deficiency --- nutrient uptake --- site-specific nutrient management --- soil organic matter --- soil biodiversity --- bacteria --- fungi --- microarthropods --- diatoms --- metataxonomic assays