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A Comparative Nordic Perspective. Across all Nordic countries there is now an intensive debate on changing responsibilities and the division of labour between the state and the regions. The underlying problems in each country are very much the same, but the solutions suggested, implemented and experienced are sometimes different, perhaps not so much in concept as in details. The report contains the results of a project that has been pursued within the context of illuminating comparisons between the five Nordic countries in terms of: • What approaches characterize the current restructuring of state activities and what is their impact on various types of regions? • What conclusions can be drawn concerning a set of alternative future trajectories for the institutional framework of state intervention at the regional level?
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A major cause of unemployment, distinct from inadequate aggregate demand and instability of workers, is the instability of jobs themselves. In an average year about one in every nine jobs disappear and one in every eight is newly created. This is based on an analysis of year to year employment changes among the private employers of Wisconsin between 1977 and 1982. This job loss may account for roughly 2.2 percentage points, or one quarter, of the average unemployment rate. As much as half of the transitions of workers from employment to non-employment may be accounted for by the destruction of jobs. Establishments appear to adjust their employment quickly, largely within one year. Employment growth rates one year apart are negatively correlated, and thereafter nearly follow a random walk. Establishments exhibit considerable heterogeneity in employment growth rates, with some positive cyclical variations, but little industry effect. Employment shifts across establishments within an industry are of far greater magnitude than shifts across industry lines.
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This book addresses contemporary economic issues, focusing on the persistent challenges of unemployment and economic policy. It presents a collection of scholarly articles from prominent economists, who explore the definitions and causes of both cyclical and structural unemployment, and the effectiveness of various economic strategies. The book is aimed at academics, policymakers, and students interested in economic theory and policy. It challenges widely accepted views and proposes new approaches to tackle unemployment. The discussions are grounded in empirical data and statistical analysis, providing a comprehensive overview of the factors influencing labor markets and employment trends.
Unemployment --- Structural unemployment --- Unemployment. --- Structural unemployment.
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Structural unemployment --- Netherlands --- Economic conditions
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Adult education --- Structural unemployment --- Unemployed --- Unemployment --- Education
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Full employment policies --- Structural unemployment --- Unemployment --- History
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