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The future of electric vehicles relies nearly entirely on the design, monitoring, and control of the vehicle battery and its associated systems. Along with an initial optimal design of the cell/pack-level structure, the runtime performance of the battery needs to be continuously monitored and optimized for a safe and reliable operation and prolonged life. Improved charging techniques need to be developed to protect and preserve the battery. The scope of this Special Issue is to address all the above issues by promoting innovative design concepts, modeling and state estimation techniques, charging/discharging management, and hybridization with other storage components.

History of engineering & technology --- state of charge (SOC) --- joint estimation --- lithium-ion battery --- variational Bayesian approximation --- dual extended Kalman filter (DEKF) --- measurement statistic uncertainty --- electric vehicles --- renewable energy sources --- microgrid --- economic dispatching --- capacity allocation --- cooperative optimization --- SOC --- second-order RC model --- model parameter optimization --- AUKF --- small-signal modeling --- battery energy storage system --- battery management system --- control --- stability --- dynamic response --- wireless power --- state-of-charge --- electric vehicle --- LiFePO4 batteries --- state of charge (SoC) --- Butler–Volmer equation --- Arrhenius --- Peukert --- coulomb efficiency --- back propagation neural network (BPNN) --- torque and battery distribution --- particle swarm optimization --- air-cooled BTMS --- compact lithium ion battery module --- ANN --- battery electric vehicles --- battery management --- hybrid energy storage --- n/a --- Butler-Volmer equation

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The future of electric vehicles relies nearly entirely on the design, monitoring, and control of the vehicle battery and its associated systems. Along with an initial optimal design of the cell/pack-level structure, the runtime performance of the battery needs to be continuously monitored and optimized for a safe and reliable operation and prolonged life. Improved charging techniques need to be developed to protect and preserve the battery. The scope of this Special Issue is to address all the above issues by promoting innovative design concepts, modeling and state estimation techniques, charging/discharging management, and hybridization with other storage components.

History of engineering & technology --- state of charge (SOC) --- joint estimation --- lithium-ion battery --- variational Bayesian approximation --- dual extended Kalman filter (DEKF) --- measurement statistic uncertainty --- electric vehicles --- renewable energy sources --- microgrid --- economic dispatching --- capacity allocation --- cooperative optimization --- SOC --- second-order RC model --- model parameter optimization --- AUKF --- small-signal modeling --- battery energy storage system --- battery management system --- control --- stability --- dynamic response --- wireless power --- state-of-charge --- electric vehicle --- LiFePO4 batteries --- state of charge (SoC) --- Butler-Volmer equation --- Arrhenius --- Peukert --- coulomb efficiency --- back propagation neural network (BPNN) --- torque and battery distribution --- particle swarm optimization --- air-cooled BTMS --- compact lithium ion battery module --- ANN --- battery electric vehicles --- battery management --- hybrid energy storage --- state of charge (SOC) --- joint estimation --- lithium-ion battery --- variational Bayesian approximation --- dual extended Kalman filter (DEKF) --- measurement statistic uncertainty --- electric vehicles --- renewable energy sources --- microgrid --- economic dispatching --- capacity allocation --- cooperative optimization --- SOC --- second-order RC model --- model parameter optimization --- AUKF --- small-signal modeling --- battery energy storage system --- battery management system --- control --- stability --- dynamic response --- wireless power --- state-of-charge --- electric vehicle --- LiFePO4 batteries --- state of charge (SoC) --- Butler-Volmer equation --- Arrhenius --- Peukert --- coulomb efficiency --- back propagation neural network (BPNN) --- torque and battery distribution --- particle swarm optimization --- air-cooled BTMS --- compact lithium ion battery module --- ANN --- battery electric vehicles --- battery management --- hybrid energy storage

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Electrochemical energy storage is a key element of systems in a wide range of sectors, such as electro-mobility, portable devices, and renewable energy. The energy storage systems (ESSs) considered here are batteries, supercapacitors, and hybrid components such as lithium-ion capacitors. The durability of ESSs determines the total cost of ownership, the global impacts (lifecycle) on a large portion of these applications and, thus, their viability. Understanding ESS aging is a key to optimizing their design and usability in terms of their intended applications. Knowledge of ESS aging is also essential to improve their dependability (reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety). This Special Issue includes 12 research papers and 1 review article focusing on battery, supercapacitor, and hybrid capacitor aging.

n/a --- abuse test --- thermal runaway --- lifetime --- Li-Ion battery --- lithium-ion capacitor --- langmuir isotherm --- battery management system (BMS) --- cycling ageing --- degradation --- remaining capacity --- selection algorithm --- electric vehicle --- safety --- LFP --- state-of-charge determination --- cathode-electrolyte interphase --- state-of-health (SOH) --- incremental capacity analysis (ICA) --- lamination --- capacitance --- lead-acid batteries --- self-discharge --- fast-charging capability --- second life battery --- ampere-hour throughput --- incremental capacity analysis --- state of health (SoH) --- impedance spectroscopy --- partial coulometric counter --- Ni-rich cathode --- calendar ageing --- driving cycles --- pseudo-charge --- state-of-health --- accelerated ageing --- lithium iron phosphate --- calendar aging --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy --- electric vehicles --- lifetime prediction --- Petri nets --- battery --- electro mobility --- floating aging --- aging mechanisms --- LiFePO4 --- autonomous devices --- temperature --- electrical characterization --- cell degradation --- lithium-ion battery --- ageing --- battery management system --- NMC --- batteries --- lithium-ion --- state-of-charge monitoring --- operative dependability --- aging model --- battery life testing --- aging --- embedded algorithm --- post-mortem analysis --- supercapacitor

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The topics of interest in this book include significant challenges in the BMS design of EV/HEV. The equivalent models developed for several types of integrated Li-ion batteries consider the environmental temperature and ageing effects. Different current profiles for testing the robustness of the Kalman filter type estimators of the battery state of charge are used in this book. Additionally, the BMS can integrate a real-time model-based sensor Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) scheme for a Li-ion cell undergoing degradation, which uses the recursive least squares (RLS) method to estimate the equivalent circuit model (ECM) parameters. This book will fully meet the demands of a large community of readers and specialists working in the field due to its attractiveness and scientific content with a great openness to the side of practical applicability. This covers various interesting aspects, especially related to the characterization of commercial batteries, diagnosis and optimization of their performance, experimental testing and statistical analysis, thermal modelling, and implementation of the most suitable Kalman filter type estimators of high accuracy to estimate the state of charge

Technology: general issues --- arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) --- CMOS sensor --- direct laser lithography --- fiber Bragg grating (FBG) --- lithium-ion battery --- fault detection and isolation --- sensor fault --- battery model --- battery management systems --- battery degradation --- electric vehicles --- online parameter estimation --- recursive least squares --- parallel-connected cells --- measuring test bench --- current distribution --- tab contact resistance --- battery --- ultracapacitor --- supercapacitor --- electric mobility --- electric bus --- SAFT lithium-ion battery --- Simscape model --- 3RC ECM Li-ion battery model --- state of charge --- adaptive EKF SOC estimator --- adaptive UKF SOC estimator --- particle filter SOC estimator --- ADVISOR estimate

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The topics of interest in this book include significant challenges in the BMS design of EV/HEV. The equivalent models developed for several types of integrated Li-ion batteries consider the environmental temperature and ageing effects. Different current profiles for testing the robustness of the Kalman filter type estimators of the battery state of charge are used in this book. Additionally, the BMS can integrate a real-time model-based sensor Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) scheme for a Li-ion cell undergoing degradation, which uses the recursive least squares (RLS) method to estimate the equivalent circuit model (ECM) parameters. This book will fully meet the demands of a large community of readers and specialists working in the field due to its attractiveness and scientific content with a great openness to the side of practical applicability. This covers various interesting aspects, especially related to the characterization of commercial batteries, diagnosis and optimization of their performance, experimental testing and statistical analysis, thermal modelling, and implementation of the most suitable Kalman filter type estimators of high accuracy to estimate the state of charge

arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) --- CMOS sensor --- direct laser lithography --- fiber Bragg grating (FBG) --- lithium-ion battery --- fault detection and isolation --- sensor fault --- battery model --- battery management systems --- battery degradation --- electric vehicles --- online parameter estimation --- recursive least squares --- parallel-connected cells --- measuring test bench --- current distribution --- tab contact resistance --- battery --- ultracapacitor --- supercapacitor --- electric mobility --- electric bus --- SAFT lithium-ion battery --- Simscape model --- 3RC ECM Li-ion battery model --- state of charge --- adaptive EKF SOC estimator --- adaptive UKF SOC estimator --- particle filter SOC estimator --- ADVISOR estimate