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Brain Asymmetry in Evolution
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

In higher mammals, including primates and carnivores, the asymmetrical aspects of brain morphology and function have been shown to be species-related, sex-related, and subject to individual diversity, and are associated with cognition, emotion, language, preference of hand/paw use, and numerous other aspects. Disturbance of the brain lateralization is involved in human neurodevelopmental disorders with cognitive impairments, social deficits, and/or specific language impairments. Asymmetric development may be essential to the evolution of the brain in acquiring higher and/or more diverse functions. The purpose of this Special Issue on “Brain Asymmetry in Evolution” is to highlight morphological and functional lateralization of the brain in various species of mammals toward understanding the evolution of the brain.


Book
Brain Asymmetry in Evolution
Author:
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

In higher mammals, including primates and carnivores, the asymmetrical aspects of brain morphology and function have been shown to be species-related, sex-related, and subject to individual diversity, and are associated with cognition, emotion, language, preference of hand/paw use, and numerous other aspects. Disturbance of the brain lateralization is involved in human neurodevelopmental disorders with cognitive impairments, social deficits, and/or specific language impairments. Asymmetric development may be essential to the evolution of the brain in acquiring higher and/or more diverse functions. The purpose of this Special Issue on “Brain Asymmetry in Evolution” is to highlight morphological and functional lateralization of the brain in various species of mammals toward understanding the evolution of the brain.


Article
Rearing environmental enrichment in two inbred strains of mice: 1. Effects on emotional reactivity.
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Year: 1999

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The effects of an enriched rearing environment on two types of anxiety-like behavior (designated "trait" and "state" anxiety) and on spontaneous activity were investigated in two inbred strains of mice, BALB/c (C) and C57BL/6(B6). Subjects were socially reared from birth to 56 days of age under enriched or standard rearing conditions. The enriched environment consisted of an assembly of plastic boxes in which a various number of objects (running wheels, pieces of plastic, etc.) offered the possibility of multiple activities. The subjects were subsequently tested in three situations: a spontaneous activity recorder, an elevated plus-maze test (a model of state anxiety), and a free exploration test (a model of trait anxiety). No group differences could be found in spontaneous activity. Environmental enrichment, however, decreased the level of both types of anxiety-like behavior in the C strain. In contrast, the level of trait anxiety of the B6 mite was not modified. The results were discussed in relation to possible CNS modifications, especially in the limbic system


Book
The Impact of the COVID-19 Emergency on the Quality of Life of the General Population
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

COVID-19 is a pandemic that has forced many states to declare restrictive measures in order to prevent its wider spread. These measures are necessary to protect the health of adults, children, and people with disabilities.Long quarantine periods could cause an increase in anxiety crises, fear of contagion, and post-traumatic stress disorder (frustration, boredom, isolation, fear, insomnia, and difficulty concentrating).Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that can develop in subjects who have witnessed a traumatic, catastrophic, or violent event, or who have become aware of a traumatic experience that happened to a loved one.In fact, from current cases, it emerges that the prevalence of PTSD varies from 1% to 9% in the general population and can reach 50%–60% in subgroups of subjects exposed to traumas considered particularly serious. PTSD develops as a consequence of one or more physical or psychological traumatic events, such as exposure to natural disasters such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis; wars, torture, death threats; road accidents, robbery, air accidents; diseases with unfavorable prognoses; complicated or traumatic mourning; physical and sexual abuse and abuse during childhood; or victimization and discrimination based on gender, sexual orientation, or gender identity. It can also develop following changes in lifestyle habits caused by the COVID-19 epidemic.Thank you for reading the manuscripts in this Special Issue, "The Impact of the COVID-19 Emergency on the Quality of Life of the General Population".

Keywords

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- COVID-19 --- pandemic --- anxiety --- psychopathological symptomatology --- mood --- post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) --- emergency --- autism --- children --- diagnosis --- intervention --- parents --- remote --- depression --- EPDS --- pregnancy --- SARS-CoV-2 --- psychiatry --- infectious disease --- healthcare personnel --- psychopathological symptoms --- mental health --- neurological --- psychological --- inflammation --- COVID-19 pandemic --- ERT --- lysosomal storage disease --- psychological impact --- antibodies --- serological test --- SLE --- GAD-7 --- PHQ-9 --- ISI --- quarantine --- burnout --- health professionals --- stress --- prevention --- virus’ transmission --- fear of contagion --- breathing difficulty --- healthy adolescents --- emotion awareness --- state anxiety --- risk perception of COVID-19 --- meaning-based resources --- psychological well-being --- resilience --- emergency services --- adversity --- lockdown --- personality --- public health --- coping --- psychological distress --- public --- Ireland --- physical activity (PA) --- undergraduates --- university students --- chronic pain --- triggers --- well-being --- occupational balance --- social distancing --- home confinement --- coronavirus --- interpersonal violence --- sense of coherence --- Covid-19 --- psychiatric patients --- worry --- risk perception --- mental illness --- attitudes --- knowledge --- practices --- spirituality --- Indonesia --- quality of life --- stress disorder --- living together --- emotional bond --- coronavirus disease --- psychological health --- general population --- somatic symptoms --- Quality of Life --- gender differences --- WHOQOL-BREF --- health --- health psychology --- Italy --- public mental health --- physical activity --- Kosovo --- restrictions --- 15D --- vaccination --- community pharmacists --- DASS-21 --- emotional distress --- chronic diseases --- Hashimoto’s disease --- frailty --- telemedicine --- gerontechnology --- wearable sensors --- shelter-in-place measures --- resting heart rate --- sleep duration --- activity pattern --- consultation --- comprehensive health care --- pandemics --- dentist --- fear --- insomnia --- preventive behavior --- fear of Covid-19 --- Athens Insomnia Scale --- psychological coping --- students --- general self-reported health --- gender --- cross-national study --- primary healthcare --- access to healthcare --- treatment effectiveness --- perceived control over time --- COVID-19 fear --- vitality --- emotion --- general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) --- older adults --- short health anxiety inventory (SHAI) --- state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) --- stomatognathic system --- COVID-19 confinement --- prospective memory --- working memory --- psychological wellbeing --- emotions --- Egyptian --- coping strategies --- STAI --- BDI-II --- avoidance-oriented coping --- college students --- coping styles --- emotion-oriented coping --- life satisfaction --- perceived stress --- task-oriented coping --- satisfaction with life --- fear of COVID-19 --- elderly population --- parental distress --- executive functioning --- multiple sclerosis --- elder abuse --- risk factors --- postural control --- balance --- detraining --- falls --- inactivity --- ageing --- type of personality --- type D personality --- TMD --- orofacial pain --- masticatory --- COVID-19 emergency --- preventive measures --- Chile --- nursing --- psychological discomfort --- pregnant --- n/a --- adverse childhood experiences --- ACEs --- psychological flexibility --- wellbeing --- help-seeking --- family physician --- primary care --- healthy lifestyle --- pandemic COVID-19 --- neurodegenerative diseases --- public health strategies --- healthy lifestyle behaviors --- telerehabilitation --- Autism Spectrum Disorder --- parenting stress --- depressive symptoms --- economic crisis --- virus' transmission --- Hashimoto's disease


Book
The Impact of the COVID-19 Emergency on the Quality of Life of the General Population
Author:
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Bookmark

Abstract

COVID-19 is a pandemic that has forced many states to declare restrictive measures in order to prevent its wider spread. These measures are necessary to protect the health of adults, children, and people with disabilities.Long quarantine periods could cause an increase in anxiety crises, fear of contagion, and post-traumatic stress disorder (frustration, boredom, isolation, fear, insomnia, and difficulty concentrating).Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that can develop in subjects who have witnessed a traumatic, catastrophic, or violent event, or who have become aware of a traumatic experience that happened to a loved one.In fact, from current cases, it emerges that the prevalence of PTSD varies from 1% to 9% in the general population and can reach 50%–60% in subgroups of subjects exposed to traumas considered particularly serious. PTSD develops as a consequence of one or more physical or psychological traumatic events, such as exposure to natural disasters such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis; wars, torture, death threats; road accidents, robbery, air accidents; diseases with unfavorable prognoses; complicated or traumatic mourning; physical and sexual abuse and abuse during childhood; or victimization and discrimination based on gender, sexual orientation, or gender identity. It can also develop following changes in lifestyle habits caused by the COVID-19 epidemic.Thank you for reading the manuscripts in this Special Issue, "The Impact of the COVID-19 Emergency on the Quality of Life of the General Population".

Keywords

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- COVID-19 --- pandemic --- anxiety --- psychopathological symptomatology --- mood --- post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) --- emergency --- autism --- children --- diagnosis --- intervention --- parents --- remote --- depression --- EPDS --- pregnancy --- SARS-CoV-2 --- psychiatry --- infectious disease --- healthcare personnel --- psychopathological symptoms --- mental health --- neurological --- psychological --- inflammation --- COVID-19 pandemic --- ERT --- lysosomal storage disease --- psychological impact --- antibodies --- serological test --- SLE --- GAD-7 --- PHQ-9 --- ISI --- quarantine --- burnout --- health professionals --- stress --- prevention --- virus’ transmission --- fear of contagion --- breathing difficulty --- healthy adolescents --- emotion awareness --- state anxiety --- risk perception of COVID-19 --- meaning-based resources --- psychological well-being --- resilience --- emergency services --- adversity --- lockdown --- personality --- public health --- coping --- psychological distress --- public --- Ireland --- physical activity (PA) --- undergraduates --- university students --- chronic pain --- triggers --- well-being --- occupational balance --- social distancing --- home confinement --- coronavirus --- interpersonal violence --- sense of coherence --- Covid-19 --- psychiatric patients --- worry --- risk perception --- mental illness --- attitudes --- knowledge --- practices --- spirituality --- Indonesia --- quality of life --- stress disorder --- living together --- emotional bond --- coronavirus disease --- psychological health --- general population --- somatic symptoms --- Quality of Life --- gender differences --- WHOQOL-BREF --- health --- health psychology --- Italy --- public mental health --- physical activity --- Kosovo --- restrictions --- 15D --- vaccination --- community pharmacists --- DASS-21 --- emotional distress --- chronic diseases --- Hashimoto’s disease --- frailty --- telemedicine --- gerontechnology --- wearable sensors --- shelter-in-place measures --- resting heart rate --- sleep duration --- activity pattern --- consultation --- comprehensive health care --- pandemics --- dentist --- fear --- insomnia --- preventive behavior --- fear of Covid-19 --- Athens Insomnia Scale --- psychological coping --- students --- general self-reported health --- gender --- cross-national study --- primary healthcare --- access to healthcare --- treatment effectiveness --- perceived control over time --- COVID-19 fear --- vitality --- emotion --- general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) --- older adults --- short health anxiety inventory (SHAI) --- state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) --- stomatognathic system --- COVID-19 confinement --- prospective memory --- working memory --- psychological wellbeing --- emotions --- Egyptian --- coping strategies --- STAI --- BDI-II --- avoidance-oriented coping --- college students --- coping styles --- emotion-oriented coping --- life satisfaction --- perceived stress --- task-oriented coping --- satisfaction with life --- fear of COVID-19 --- elderly population --- parental distress --- executive functioning --- multiple sclerosis --- elder abuse --- risk factors --- postural control --- balance --- detraining --- falls --- inactivity --- ageing --- type of personality --- type D personality --- TMD --- orofacial pain --- masticatory --- COVID-19 emergency --- preventive measures --- Chile --- nursing --- psychological discomfort --- pregnant --- n/a --- adverse childhood experiences --- ACEs --- psychological flexibility --- wellbeing --- help-seeking --- family physician --- primary care --- healthy lifestyle --- pandemic COVID-19 --- neurodegenerative diseases --- public health strategies --- healthy lifestyle behaviors --- telerehabilitation --- Autism Spectrum Disorder --- parenting stress --- depressive symptoms --- economic crisis --- virus' transmission --- Hashimoto's disease


Book
The Impact of the COVID-19 Emergency on the Quality of Life of the General Population
Author:
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

Loading...
Export citation

Choose an application

Bookmark

Abstract

COVID-19 is a pandemic that has forced many states to declare restrictive measures in order to prevent its wider spread. These measures are necessary to protect the health of adults, children, and people with disabilities.Long quarantine periods could cause an increase in anxiety crises, fear of contagion, and post-traumatic stress disorder (frustration, boredom, isolation, fear, insomnia, and difficulty concentrating).Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that can develop in subjects who have witnessed a traumatic, catastrophic, or violent event, or who have become aware of a traumatic experience that happened to a loved one.In fact, from current cases, it emerges that the prevalence of PTSD varies from 1% to 9% in the general population and can reach 50%–60% in subgroups of subjects exposed to traumas considered particularly serious. PTSD develops as a consequence of one or more physical or psychological traumatic events, such as exposure to natural disasters such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis; wars, torture, death threats; road accidents, robbery, air accidents; diseases with unfavorable prognoses; complicated or traumatic mourning; physical and sexual abuse and abuse during childhood; or victimization and discrimination based on gender, sexual orientation, or gender identity. It can also develop following changes in lifestyle habits caused by the COVID-19 epidemic.Thank you for reading the manuscripts in this Special Issue, "The Impact of the COVID-19 Emergency on the Quality of Life of the General Population".

Keywords

COVID-19 --- pandemic --- anxiety --- psychopathological symptomatology --- mood --- post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) --- emergency --- autism --- children --- diagnosis --- intervention --- parents --- remote --- depression --- EPDS --- pregnancy --- SARS-CoV-2 --- psychiatry --- infectious disease --- healthcare personnel --- psychopathological symptoms --- mental health --- neurological --- psychological --- inflammation --- COVID-19 pandemic --- ERT --- lysosomal storage disease --- psychological impact --- antibodies --- serological test --- SLE --- GAD-7 --- PHQ-9 --- ISI --- quarantine --- burnout --- health professionals --- stress --- prevention --- virus’ transmission --- fear of contagion --- breathing difficulty --- healthy adolescents --- emotion awareness --- state anxiety --- risk perception of COVID-19 --- meaning-based resources --- psychological well-being --- resilience --- emergency services --- adversity --- lockdown --- personality --- public health --- coping --- psychological distress --- public --- Ireland --- physical activity (PA) --- undergraduates --- university students --- chronic pain --- triggers --- well-being --- occupational balance --- social distancing --- home confinement --- coronavirus --- interpersonal violence --- sense of coherence --- Covid-19 --- psychiatric patients --- worry --- risk perception --- mental illness --- attitudes --- knowledge --- practices --- spirituality --- Indonesia --- quality of life --- stress disorder --- living together --- emotional bond --- coronavirus disease --- psychological health --- general population --- somatic symptoms --- Quality of Life --- gender differences --- WHOQOL-BREF --- health --- health psychology --- Italy --- public mental health --- physical activity --- Kosovo --- restrictions --- 15D --- vaccination --- community pharmacists --- DASS-21 --- emotional distress --- chronic diseases --- Hashimoto’s disease --- frailty --- telemedicine --- gerontechnology --- wearable sensors --- shelter-in-place measures --- resting heart rate --- sleep duration --- activity pattern --- consultation --- comprehensive health care --- pandemics --- dentist --- fear --- insomnia --- preventive behavior --- fear of Covid-19 --- Athens Insomnia Scale --- psychological coping --- students --- general self-reported health --- gender --- cross-national study --- primary healthcare --- access to healthcare --- treatment effectiveness --- perceived control over time --- COVID-19 fear --- vitality --- emotion --- general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) --- older adults --- short health anxiety inventory (SHAI) --- state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) --- stomatognathic system --- COVID-19 confinement --- prospective memory --- working memory --- psychological wellbeing --- emotions --- Egyptian --- coping strategies --- STAI --- BDI-II --- avoidance-oriented coping --- college students --- coping styles --- emotion-oriented coping --- life satisfaction --- perceived stress --- task-oriented coping --- satisfaction with life --- fear of COVID-19 --- elderly population --- parental distress --- executive functioning --- multiple sclerosis --- elder abuse --- risk factors --- postural control --- balance --- detraining --- falls --- inactivity --- ageing --- type of personality --- type D personality --- TMD --- orofacial pain --- masticatory --- COVID-19 emergency --- preventive measures --- Chile --- nursing --- psychological discomfort --- pregnant --- n/a --- adverse childhood experiences --- ACEs --- psychological flexibility --- wellbeing --- help-seeking --- family physician --- primary care --- healthy lifestyle --- pandemic COVID-19 --- neurodegenerative diseases --- public health strategies --- healthy lifestyle behaviors --- telerehabilitation --- Autism Spectrum Disorder --- parenting stress --- depressive symptoms --- economic crisis --- virus' transmission --- Hashimoto's disease

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