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Thermoresponsive polymers, materials able to undergo sharp and often reversible phase separations in response to temperature stimuli, are introducing new paradigms in different fields, including medicine, advanced separations and oil and gas. In "Advances in Thermoresponsive Polymers", a clear picture of the frontiers reached in the understanding of the mechanistic behavior associated with temperature-induced phase separation, the influence of the polymer structure in regulating the macroscopic behavior of these materials and the latest applications for which thermoresponsive polymers show great potential is provided.

Technology: general issues --- Chemical engineering --- poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) --- glycidyl methacrylate --- thermoresponsive copolymer --- α-chymotrypsin --- polymer-enzyme conjugate nanoparticle --- polymeric nanoparticles --- emulsion polymerization --- RAFT --- thermo-responsive polymers --- smart materials --- LCST --- phase diagram --- phase separation --- thermoresponsive star-shaped polymers --- poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazines and poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazolines --- aqueous solutions --- light scattering --- turbidimetry --- microcalorimetry --- aggregation --- dual-stimuli-responsive materials --- thin films --- out-of-equilibrium --- thermoresponsive --- oligo(ethylene glycol) --- OEGylated --- poly(amino acid) --- ring-opening polymerization --- post-polymerization modification --- Ugi reaction --- synthesis --- star-shaped macromolecules --- calix[n]arene --- block and gradient copolymers of poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazolines --- conformation --- thermoresponsibility --- self-organization --- poly-N-vinylcaprolactam --- thermoresponsive polymers --- polymer-protein conjugates --- controlled release --- temperature-sensitive polymers --- hydrogels --- stereocomplexation --- polylactic acid --- temperature/reduction --- self-recombination --- thermosensitive polymers --- enzyme complexation --- reversible inactivation --- UCST polymers --- stimuli-responsive polymers --- electronic paramagnetic resonance --- spin probe --- nitroxides --- coil to globule --- poly(L-lysine) --- N-isopropylacrylamide --- aza-Michael addition reaction --- thermo-responsive --- pH-responsive --- biodegradable polymer

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Thermoresponsive polymers, materials able to undergo sharp and often reversible phase separations in response to temperature stimuli, are introducing new paradigms in different fields, including medicine, advanced separations and oil and gas. In "Advances in Thermoresponsive Polymers", a clear picture of the frontiers reached in the understanding of the mechanistic behavior associated with temperature-induced phase separation, the influence of the polymer structure in regulating the macroscopic behavior of these materials and the latest applications for which thermoresponsive polymers show great potential is provided.

Technology: general issues --- Chemical engineering --- poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) --- glycidyl methacrylate --- thermoresponsive copolymer --- α-chymotrypsin --- polymer-enzyme conjugate nanoparticle --- polymeric nanoparticles --- emulsion polymerization --- RAFT --- thermo-responsive polymers --- smart materials --- LCST --- phase diagram --- phase separation --- thermoresponsive star-shaped polymers --- poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazines and poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazolines --- aqueous solutions --- light scattering --- turbidimetry --- microcalorimetry --- aggregation --- dual-stimuli-responsive materials --- thin films --- out-of-equilibrium --- thermoresponsive --- oligo(ethylene glycol) --- OEGylated --- poly(amino acid) --- ring-opening polymerization --- post-polymerization modification --- Ugi reaction --- synthesis --- star-shaped macromolecules --- calix[n]arene --- block and gradient copolymers of poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazolines --- conformation --- thermoresponsibility --- self-organization --- poly-N-vinylcaprolactam --- thermoresponsive polymers --- polymer-protein conjugates --- controlled release --- temperature-sensitive polymers --- hydrogels --- stereocomplexation --- polylactic acid --- temperature/reduction --- self-recombination --- thermosensitive polymers --- enzyme complexation --- reversible inactivation --- UCST polymers --- stimuli-responsive polymers --- electronic paramagnetic resonance --- spin probe --- nitroxides --- coil to globule --- poly(L-lysine) --- N-isopropylacrylamide --- aza-Michael addition reaction --- thermo-responsive --- pH-responsive --- biodegradable polymer --- poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) --- glycidyl methacrylate --- thermoresponsive copolymer --- α-chymotrypsin --- polymer-enzyme conjugate nanoparticle --- polymeric nanoparticles --- emulsion polymerization --- RAFT --- thermo-responsive polymers --- smart materials --- LCST --- phase diagram --- phase separation --- thermoresponsive star-shaped polymers --- poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazines and poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazolines --- aqueous solutions --- light scattering --- turbidimetry --- microcalorimetry --- aggregation --- dual-stimuli-responsive materials --- thin films --- out-of-equilibrium --- thermoresponsive --- oligo(ethylene glycol) --- OEGylated --- poly(amino acid) --- ring-opening polymerization --- post-polymerization modification --- Ugi reaction --- synthesis --- star-shaped macromolecules --- calix[n]arene --- block and gradient copolymers of poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazolines --- conformation --- thermoresponsibility --- self-organization --- poly-N-vinylcaprolactam --- thermoresponsive polymers --- polymer-protein conjugates --- controlled release --- temperature-sensitive polymers --- hydrogels --- stereocomplexation --- polylactic acid --- temperature/reduction --- self-recombination --- thermosensitive polymers --- enzyme complexation --- reversible inactivation --- UCST polymers --- stimuli-responsive polymers --- electronic paramagnetic resonance --- spin probe --- nitroxides --- coil to globule --- poly(L-lysine) --- N-isopropylacrylamide --- aza-Michael addition reaction --- thermo-responsive --- pH-responsive --- biodegradable polymer

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The interaction of bacteria with biomaterials’ surfaces has critical clinical implications on the development and progression of biofilm-related diseases. In this book "Bacterial Interactions with Dental and Medical Materials", encouraging findings on tissue-contacting biomaterials to control biofilms, enhanced understanding of key mechanisms, and clinical perspectives are discussed toward improving healthcare.

Research & information: general --- polymer --- dental --- antibacterial --- antifouling --- hydroxyapatite --- star-shaped --- hydrophobicity --- acrylic acid --- oral --- composition --- antimicrobial effect --- biofilms --- cytotoxicity --- dental resins --- physicochemical properties --- mechanical properties --- quaternary ammonium methacrylates --- dental materials --- dentistry --- adhesives --- light-curing of dental adhesives --- composite resins --- methylmethacrylate --- oxides --- cerium --- polymers --- dentine bonding agents --- anti-bacterial agents --- dental caries --- biocompatible materials --- quaternary ammonium compounds --- antimicrobial --- ceramic --- coating --- silicon carbide --- fluoride(s) --- biofilm(s) --- Streptococcus mutans --- bioreactor(s) --- enamel --- composite materials --- biomaterials --- nanostructured materials --- chronic wounds --- infection --- chick embryo CAM --- ex ovo --- bioactive desensitizer --- hypersensitivity --- SEM --- nanoparticle --- nanohydroxyapatite --- microshear bond strength --- phosphoric acid --- self-etch --- porous bioceramics --- wollastonite --- sol-gel technology --- spark plasma sintering-reactive synthesis --- bacterial test --- surface modification --- coatings --- implant --- biofilm --- silver --- copper --- polylysine --- dental composites --- protein repellent --- restorations --- zwitterionic polymers --- dental composite --- antibiofilm --- dental nanocomposite --- calcium fluoride nanoparticles --- remineralization --- oral biofilm --- electrospinning --- nano-hydroxyapatite --- toxicity --- bone regeneration --- white spot lesions --- orthodontic --- polymer --- dental --- antibacterial --- antifouling --- hydroxyapatite --- star-shaped --- hydrophobicity --- acrylic acid --- oral --- composition --- antimicrobial effect --- biofilms --- cytotoxicity --- dental resins --- physicochemical properties --- mechanical properties --- quaternary ammonium methacrylates --- dental materials --- dentistry --- adhesives --- light-curing of dental adhesives --- composite resins --- methylmethacrylate --- oxides --- cerium --- polymers --- dentine bonding agents --- anti-bacterial agents --- dental caries --- biocompatible materials --- quaternary ammonium compounds --- antimicrobial --- ceramic --- coating --- silicon carbide --- fluoride(s) --- biofilm(s) --- Streptococcus mutans --- bioreactor(s) --- enamel --- composite materials --- biomaterials --- nanostructured materials --- chronic wounds --- infection --- chick embryo CAM --- ex ovo --- bioactive desensitizer --- hypersensitivity --- SEM --- nanoparticle --- nanohydroxyapatite --- microshear bond strength --- phosphoric acid --- self-etch --- porous bioceramics --- wollastonite --- sol-gel technology --- spark plasma sintering-reactive synthesis --- bacterial test --- surface modification --- coatings --- implant --- biofilm --- silver --- copper --- polylysine --- dental composites --- protein repellent --- restorations --- zwitterionic polymers --- dental composite --- antibiofilm --- dental nanocomposite --- calcium fluoride nanoparticles --- remineralization --- oral biofilm --- electrospinning --- nano-hydroxyapatite --- toxicity --- bone regeneration --- white spot lesions --- orthodontic

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Sonic/phononic crystals termed acoustic/sonic band gap media are elastic analogues of photonic crystals and have also recently received renewed attention in many acoustic applications. Photonic crystals have a periodic dielectric modulation with a spatial scale on the order of the optical wavelength. The design and optimization of photonic crystals can be utilized in many applications by combining factors related to the combinations of intermixing materials, lattice symmetry, lattice constant, filling factor, shape of the scattering object, and thickness of a structural layer. Through the publications and discussions of the research on sonic/phononic crystals, researchers can obtain effective and valuable results and improve their future development in related fields. Devices based on these crystals can be utilized in mechanical and physical applications and can also be designed for novel applications as based on the investigations in this Special Issue.

History of engineering & technology --- optical force --- photonic crystal cavity --- particle trapping --- optomechanical sensing --- polarization converter --- photonic crystal fiber --- square lattice --- extinction ratio --- polarization splitter --- dual-core photonic crystal fiber --- coupling characteristics --- phononic crystal --- auxetic structure --- star-shaped honeycomb structure --- wave propagation --- orbital angular momentum --- modal dispersion --- stress-induced birefringence --- finite element method --- mode-division multiplexing --- Erbium-doped fiber amplifier --- photonic crystal fibers --- cylindrical lens --- photonic nanojet --- graded-index --- vibration energy harvester --- defect bands --- piezoelectric material --- magnetostrictive material --- output voltage and power --- locally resonant --- band gap --- differential quadrature method --- direct laser writing --- KTP --- nonlinear optics --- photonic coupling --- energy harvesting --- defect modes --- phononic crystals (PCs) --- colloidal photonic crystals --- tunable photonic band gaps --- anti-counterfeiting --- coupled elastic waves --- laminated piezoelectric phononic crystals --- arbitrarily anisotropic materials --- band tunability --- electrical boundaries --- dispersion curves --- photonic crystals --- photonic bandgaps --- polymer materials --- acoustic metamaterial --- effective medium --- bubble resonance --- negative modulus --- graphene --- kerr effect --- optical switch --- photonic band gap --- photonic crystal --- microwave photonics --- optical frequency combs --- waveguide --- complete PBG --- PDOS --- TE --- TM --- beam shaping --- angular filtering --- autocloning --- multilayered structures --- sensor --- sensitivity --- figure of merit --- n/a