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Symmetry is one of the most important notions in natural science; it lies at the heart of fundamental laws of nature and serves as an important tool for understanding the properties of complex systems, both classical and quantum. Another trend, which has in recent years undergone intensive development, is mesoscopic physics. This branch of physics also combines classical and quantum ideas and methods. Two main directions can be distinguished in mesoscopic physics. One is the study of finite quantum systems of mesoscopic sizes. Such systems, which are between the atomic and macroscopic scales, exhibit a variety of novel phenomena and find numerous applications in creating modern electronic and spintronic devices. At the same time, the behavior of large systems can be influenced by mesoscopic effects, which provides another direction within the framework of mesoscopic physics. The aim of the present book is to emphasize the phenomena that lie at the crossroads between the concept of symmetry and mesoscopic physics.

Research & information: general --- Bose systems --- asymptotic symmetry breaking --- Bose–Einstein condensation --- particle fluctuations --- stability of Bose systems --- fractals --- small-angle scattering --- form factor --- structural properties --- dimension spectra --- pair distance distribution function --- stochastic dynamics --- symmetry breaking --- field-theoretic renormalization group --- Bose–Einstein condensates --- density --- position variance --- momentum variance --- angular-momentum variance --- harmonic-interaction model --- MCTDHB --- particle-hole symmetry --- metal–insulator transition --- random gap model --- Monte Carlo simulations --- structure factor --- quantum droplet --- binary Bose–Einstein condensate --- modulational instability --- graphene --- ripple --- transport --- symmetry --- quantum dot --- Kramers degeneracy --- spin-orbit interaction --- tight-binding approach --- Bose-Einstein condensates --- Josephson oscillations --- spontaneous symmetry breaking --- Thomas-Fermi approximation --- dynamical chaos --- ground states --- perturbation theory

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• Reference Manager
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Symmetry is one of the most important notions in natural science; it lies at the heart of fundamental laws of nature and serves as an important tool for understanding the properties of complex systems, both classical and quantum. Another trend, which has in recent years undergone intensive development, is mesoscopic physics. This branch of physics also combines classical and quantum ideas and methods. Two main directions can be distinguished in mesoscopic physics. One is the study of finite quantum systems of mesoscopic sizes. Such systems, which are between the atomic and macroscopic scales, exhibit a variety of novel phenomena and find numerous applications in creating modern electronic and spintronic devices. At the same time, the behavior of large systems can be influenced by mesoscopic effects, which provides another direction within the framework of mesoscopic physics. The aim of the present book is to emphasize the phenomena that lie at the crossroads between the concept of symmetry and mesoscopic physics.

Research & information: general --- Bose systems --- asymptotic symmetry breaking --- Bose–Einstein condensation --- particle fluctuations --- stability of Bose systems --- fractals --- small-angle scattering --- form factor --- structural properties --- dimension spectra --- pair distance distribution function --- stochastic dynamics --- symmetry breaking --- field-theoretic renormalization group --- Bose–Einstein condensates --- density --- position variance --- momentum variance --- angular-momentum variance --- harmonic-interaction model --- MCTDHB --- particle-hole symmetry --- metal–insulator transition --- random gap model --- Monte Carlo simulations --- structure factor --- quantum droplet --- binary Bose–Einstein condensate --- modulational instability --- graphene --- ripple --- transport --- symmetry --- quantum dot --- Kramers degeneracy --- spin-orbit interaction --- tight-binding approach --- Bose-Einstein condensates --- Josephson oscillations --- spontaneous symmetry breaking --- Thomas-Fermi approximation --- dynamical chaos --- ground states --- perturbation theory --- Bose systems --- asymptotic symmetry breaking --- Bose–Einstein condensation --- particle fluctuations --- stability of Bose systems --- fractals --- small-angle scattering --- form factor --- structural properties --- dimension spectra --- pair distance distribution function --- stochastic dynamics --- symmetry breaking --- field-theoretic renormalization group --- Bose–Einstein condensates --- density --- position variance --- momentum variance --- angular-momentum variance --- harmonic-interaction model --- MCTDHB --- particle-hole symmetry --- metal–insulator transition --- random gap model --- Monte Carlo simulations --- structure factor --- quantum droplet --- binary Bose–Einstein condensate --- modulational instability --- graphene --- ripple --- transport --- symmetry --- quantum dot --- Kramers degeneracy --- spin-orbit interaction --- tight-binding approach --- Bose-Einstein condensates --- Josephson oscillations --- spontaneous symmetry breaking --- Thomas-Fermi approximation --- dynamical chaos --- ground states --- perturbation theory

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Mesoscopic physics deals with systems larger than single atoms but small enough to retain their quantum properties. The possibility to create and manipulate conductors of the nanometer scale has given birth to a set of phenomena that have revolutionized physics: quantum Hall effects, persistent currents, weak localization, Coulomb blockade, etc. This Special Issue tackles the latest developments in the field. Contributors discuss time-dependent transport, quantum pumping, nanoscale heat engines and motors, molecular junctions, electron–electron correlations in confined systems, quantum thermo-electrics and current fluctuations. The works included herein represent an up-to-date account of exciting research with a broad impact in both fundamental and applied topics.

Technology: general issues --- quantum transport --- quantum interference --- shot noise --- persistent current --- mesoscale and nanoscale physics --- Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology --- electron quantum optics --- photo-assisted noise --- charge and heat fluctuations --- time-dependent transport --- electron–photon coupling --- open quantum systems --- phonon transport --- nanostructured materials --- green’s functions --- density-functional tight binding --- Landauer approach, time-dependent transport --- graphene nanoribbons --- nonequilibrium Green’s function --- electronic transport --- thermal transport --- strongly correlated systems --- Landauer-Büttiker formalism --- Boltzmann transport equation --- time-dependent density functional theory --- electron–phonon coupling --- molecular junctions --- thermoelectric properties --- electron–vibration interactions --- electron–electron interactions --- thermoelectricity --- heat engines --- mesoscopic physics --- fluctuations --- thermodynamic uncertainty relations --- quantum thermodynamics --- steady-state dynamics --- nonlinear transport --- adiabatic quantum motors --- adiabatic quantum pumps --- quantum heat engines --- quantum refrigerators --- transport through quantum dots --- spin pump --- spin-orbit interaction --- quantum adiabatic pump --- interferometer --- geometric phase --- nonadiabaticity --- quantum heat pumping --- spin pumping --- relaxation --- time evolution --- quantum information --- entropy production --- Renyi entropy --- superconducting proximity effect --- Kondo effect --- spin polarization --- Anreev reflection --- conditional states --- conditional wavefunction --- Markovian and Non-Markovian dynamics --- stochastic Schrödinger equation --- quantum electron transport --- quantum dots --- fluctuation–dissipation theorem --- Onsager relations --- dynamics of strongly correlated quantum systems --- quantum capacitor --- local fermi liquids --- kondo effect --- coulomb blockade --- mesoscopic systems --- nanophysics --- quantum noise --- quantum pumping --- thermoelectrics --- heat transport

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Deep within galaxies like the Milky Way, astronomers have found a fascinating legacy of Einstein's general theory of relativity: supermassive black holes. Connected to the evolution of the galaxies that contain these black holes, galactic nuclei are the sites of uniquely energetic events, including quasars, stellar tidal disruptions, and the generation of gravitational waves. This textbook is the first comprehensive introduction to dynamical processes occurring in the vicinity of supermassive black holes in their galactic environment. Filling a critical gap, it is an authoritative resource for astrophysics and physics graduate students, and researchers focusing on galactic nuclei, the astrophysics of massive black holes, galactic dynamics, and gravitational wave detection. It is an ideal text for an advanced graduate-level course on galactic nuclei and as supplementary reading in graduate-level courses on high-energy astrophysics and galactic dynamics. David Merritt summarizes the theoretical work of the last three decades on the evolution of galactic nuclei, the formation of massive black holes, and the interaction between black holes and stars. He explores in depth such important topics as observations of galactic nuclei, dynamical models, weighing black holes, motion near supermassive black holes, evolution of nuclei due to gravitational encounters, loss cone theory, and binary supermassive black holes. Self-contained and up-to-date, the textbook includes a summary of the current literature and previously unpublished work by the author. For researchers working on active galactic nuclei, galaxy evolution, and the generation of gravitational waves, this book will be an essential resource.

Active galactic nuclei. --- Galactic nuclei --- Galaxies --- Evolution. --- Acceleration. --- Accretion (astrophysics). --- Accretion disk. --- Active galactic nucleus. --- Age of the universe. --- Andromeda Galaxy. --- Angular momentum. --- Approximation. --- Apsis. --- Astrometry. --- Astronomer. --- Astronomy. --- Astrophysics. --- Binary star. --- Box orbit. --- Celestial mechanics. --- Chandra X-ray Observatory. --- Chronology of the universe. --- Circular orbit. --- Classical and Quantum Gravity. --- Disc galaxy. --- Dwarf elliptical galaxy. --- Dwarf galaxy. --- Dynamical friction. --- Elliptic orbit. --- Elliptical galaxy. --- Elongation (astronomy). --- Equations of motion. --- Exoplanet. --- Galactic Center. --- Galactic astronomy. --- Galaxy cluster. --- Galaxy merger. --- Galaxy rotation curve. --- Globular cluster. --- Gravitational collapse. --- Gravitational potential. --- Gravitational redshift. --- Gravitational wave. --- Gravitational-wave observatory. --- Gravity. --- Highly elliptical orbit. --- Hubble Space Telescope. --- Interferometry. --- Intermediate-mass black hole. --- Interstellar medium. --- Interstellar travel. --- Johannes Kepler. --- Jupiter. --- Kepler orbit. --- Kepler problem. --- Kepler's laws of planetary motion. --- Luminosity function (astronomy). --- Main sequence. --- Mass distribution. --- Mass segregation (astronomy). --- Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. --- Milky Way. --- Molecular cloud. --- N-body simulation. --- Neutron star. --- Nuclear density. --- Orbit. --- Orbital decay. --- Orbital eccentricity. --- Orbital elements. --- Orbital period. --- Orbital plane (astronomy). --- Particle physics. --- Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics). --- Phase space. --- Planet. --- Plasma (physics). --- Precession. --- Quasar. --- Radiation pressure. --- Radio galaxy. --- Relaxation time. --- Reverberation mapping. --- Rotation period. --- Semi-major and semi-minor axes. --- Solar mass. --- Spacecraft. --- Spin (physics). --- Spin–orbit interaction. --- Spiral galaxy. --- Star cluster. --- Star formation. --- Stellar collision. --- Stellar density. --- Stellar dynamics. --- Stellar evolution. --- Stellar kinematics. --- Stellar mass. --- Supermassive black hole. --- Supernova. --- Synchrotron radiation. --- Triangulum Galaxy. --- Velocity dispersion. --- X-ray binary.