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China has quickly become the largest e-commerce market in the world. By matching a nationally representative China Family Panel Studies survey with county-level e-commerce information obtained from Alibaba, this paper examines how e-commerce development has shaped household consumption growth in China. The paper presents three major findings. First, e-commerce development is associated with higher consumption growth. Second, the relationship is stronger for the rural sample, inland regions, and poor households, suggesting that e-commerce development helps reduce spatial inequality in consumption. Third, the consumption of durable goods and in-style goods has grown faster than the consumption of local services.

Consumption Growth --- E-Commerce --- Inequality --- International Economics and Trade --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Poverty Reduction --- Spatial Inequality --- Transaction Costs

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This paper examines living conditions-mainly access to infrastructure and basic services-in Kinshasa, by focusing on how they vary within the city and how they are related to household characteristics. First, drawing on a household survey conducted in the capital province in 2018, the paper shows that many Kinshasa residents live with substandard housing and inadequate levels of access to infrastructure and basic services. Second, the level and quality of access to basic services are highly correlated with residents' consumption and education levels, as well as their neighborhood characteristics. Third, despite the presence of negative externalities from the high population density, poor households benefit from living in dense neighborhoods by gaining a minimum level of access. The paper argues that it is imperative to increase the supply of affordable housing to lessen the inequality of access to services in Kinshasa.

Communities and Human Settlements --- Housing --- Inequality --- Informal Settlements --- Multidimensional Poverty --- Poverty Lines --- Poverty Reduction --- Spatial Inequality --- Urban Development --- Urban Housing --- Urban Housing and Land Settlements --- Urban Poverty

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Scholars have often argued that crime deters growth, but the empirical literature assessing such effect is scarce. By exploiting cross-municipality income and crime data for Mexico-a country that experienced a high increase in crime rates over the past decade-this study circumvents two of the most common problems faced by researchers in this area. These are: (i) the lack of a homogenous, consistently comparable measure of crime and (ii) the small sample problem in the estimation. Combining income data from poverty maps, administrative records on crime and violence, and public expenditures data at the municipal level for Mexico (2005-2010), the analysis finds evidence indicating that drug-related crimes indeed deter growth. It also finds no evidence of a negative effect on growth from crimes unrelated to drug trafficking.

Conflict and Development --- Convergence --- Corruption & Anticorruption Law --- Crime --- Crime and Society --- Growth --- International Terrorism & Counterterrorism --- Law and Development --- Poverty Reduction --- Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measure --- Public Sector Development --- Social Development --- Spatial Inequality

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urban planning --- urban development --- spatial inequality --- regional planning --- Community development --- Regional planning --- City planning --- City planning. --- Community development. --- Regional planning. --- Indonesia. --- Regional development --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Land use --- Planning --- Landscape protection --- Economic assistance, Domestic --- Social planning --- Cities and towns --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Government policy --- Citizen participation --- Management --- Dutch East Indies --- Endonèsie --- Indanezii͡ --- Indoneshia --- Indoneshia Kyōwakoku --- Indonesi --- Indonesya --- Indonezia --- Indonezii͡ --- Indonezija --- İndoneziya --- İndoneziya Respublikası --- Indūnīsīy --- Induonezėj --- Jumhūrīyah Indūnīsīy --- PDRI --- Pemerintah Darurat Republik Indonesia --- R.I. --- Republic of Indonesia --- Republic of the United States of Indonesia --- Republica d'Indonesia --- Republiek van Indonesi --- Republik Indonesia --- Republik Indonesia Serikat --- Republika Indonezii͡ --- Republika Indonezija --- Rėspublika Indanezii͡ --- RI --- United States of Indonesia --- Yinni --- Indonesia --- Dutch East Indies (Territory under Japanese occupation, 1942-1945) --- Indanezii︠a︡ --- Indonesië --- Indonezii︠a︡ --- Indūnīsīyā --- Induonezėjė --- Jumhūrīyah Indūnīsīyā --- Republiek van Indonesië --- Republika Indonezii︠a︡ --- Rėspublika Indanezii︠a︡