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69.02 --- slopen --- sparing --- Building (construction) trade. Building materials. Building practice and procedure--?.02 --- 69.02 Building (construction) trade. Building materials. Building practice and procedure--?.02

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"Drug Repurposing in Cancer Therapy: Approaches and Applications provides comprehensive and updated information from experts in basic science research and clinical practice on how existing drugs can be repurposed for cancer treatment. The book summarizes successful stories that may assist researchers in the field to better design their studies for new repurposing projects. Sections discuss specific topics such as in silico prediction and high throughput screening of repurposed drugs, drug repurposing for overcoming chemoresistance and eradicating cancer stem cells, and clinical investigation on combination of repurposed drug and anticancer therapy"--Publisher's description.

Cancer --- Off-label drug use. --- Drug Repositioning --- Neoplasms --- Off-Label Use --- Chemotherapy. --- methods --- drug therapyd0http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D009369Q000188. --- Off-Label Use. --- methods. --- drug therapy. --- Antineoplastic agents --- Treatment --- Extra-label drug use --- Off-label prescribing --- Drug utilization --- Drugs --- Prescribing --- Dose-Sparing Drug Use --- Fractional Dose Drug Use --- Off-Label Prescribing --- Reduced-Dose Drug Use --- Unlabeled Indication --- Dose Sparing Drug Use --- Dose-Sparing Drug Uses --- Indication, Unlabeled --- Off Label Prescribing --- Off Label Use --- Off-Label Prescribings --- Off-Label Uses --- Prescribing, Off-Label --- Reduced Dose Drug Use --- Reduced-Dose Drug Uses --- Unlabeled Indications --- Drug Labeling

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Tax sparing provisions have now more than four decades of history in bilateral tax treaties, including treaties between OECD countries. But the world of today is quite different from that when the positions of OECD Member and non-member countries towards tax sparing were developed. These changes in the international setting have led countries to reconsider their attitude towards tax sparing and the design of such provisions. This report examines the practices of Member countries and explains why Member countries have become more reluctant to grant tax sparing in treaties. It also provides a number of suggested "best practices" on the design of tax sparing provisions in tax treaties.

Taxation --- Double taxation --- Tax sparing --- Tax incentives --- Law - Non-U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law - Europe, except U.K. --- Treaties --- Incentives, Tax --- Tax subsidies --- Double taxation conventions --- Gifts --- Income tax --- Inheritance and transfer tax --- Tax treaties --- Tax expenditures --- Foreign tax credit

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Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary malignancy, with 81,190 estimated new diagnoses in 2018, in the United States alone. Transurethral resection of the bladder and radical cystectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection constitute the standard treatment for non-muscle invasive or very high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, respectively. However, survival expectations have not shown to improve in the last 20 years, and new diagnostic and therapeutic tools are urgently needed to improve the outcomes of this potentially lethal disease.

Medicine --- bladder cancer --- robotic-assisted --- open --- radical cystectomy --- survival --- propensity score --- age --- urothelial carcinoma --- outcome --- anesthesia recovery periods --- cognitive impairment --- gamma-cyclodextrins --- neuromuscular blockade --- robotic radical cystectomy --- glycogen --- clear-cell adenocarcinoma --- urinary bladder --- SEER program database --- female --- intracorporeal neobladder --- outcomes --- robotic --- sex-sparing --- methylation --- biomarkers --- FOXA1 --- GATA3 --- KRT20 --- molecular markers --- mRNA --- muscle-invasive bladder cancer --- PCR --- human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 --- indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase --- programmed death ligand-1 --- immunotherapy --- nodal disease --- pN1 --- neoadjuvant --- adjuvant --- chemotherapy --- bladder cancer --- robotic-assisted --- open --- radical cystectomy --- survival --- propensity score --- age --- urothelial carcinoma --- outcome --- anesthesia recovery periods --- cognitive impairment --- gamma-cyclodextrins --- neuromuscular blockade --- robotic radical cystectomy --- glycogen --- clear-cell adenocarcinoma --- urinary bladder --- SEER program database --- female --- intracorporeal neobladder --- outcomes --- robotic --- sex-sparing --- methylation --- biomarkers --- FOXA1 --- GATA3 --- KRT20 --- molecular markers --- mRNA --- muscle-invasive bladder cancer --- PCR --- human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 --- indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase --- programmed death ligand-1 --- immunotherapy --- nodal disease --- pN1 --- neoadjuvant --- adjuvant --- chemotherapy

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Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary malignancy, with 81,190 estimated new diagnoses in 2018, in the United States alone. Transurethral resection of the bladder and radical cystectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection constitute the standard treatment for non-muscle invasive or very high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, respectively. However, survival expectations have not shown to improve in the last 20 years, and new diagnostic and therapeutic tools are urgently needed to improve the outcomes of this potentially lethal disease.

bladder cancer --- robotic-assisted --- open --- radical cystectomy --- survival --- propensity score --- age --- urothelial carcinoma --- outcome --- anesthesia recovery periods --- cognitive impairment --- gamma-cyclodextrins --- neuromuscular blockade --- robotic radical cystectomy --- glycogen --- clear-cell adenocarcinoma --- urinary bladder --- SEER program database --- female --- intracorporeal neobladder --- outcomes --- robotic --- sex-sparing --- methylation --- biomarkers --- FOXA1 --- GATA3 --- KRT20 --- molecular markers --- mRNA --- muscle-invasive bladder cancer --- PCR --- human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 --- indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase --- programmed death ligand-1 --- immunotherapy --- nodal disease --- pN1 --- neoadjuvant --- adjuvant --- chemotherapy --- n/a