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The Soviet experience in Afghanistan provides a compelling perspective on the far-reaching hazards of military intervention. In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev decided that a withdrawal from Afghanistan should occur as soon as possible. The Soviet Union's senior leadership had become aware that their strategy was unraveling, their operational and tactical methods were not working, and the sacrifices they were demanding from the Soviet people and military were unlikely to produce the forecasted results. Despite this state of affairs, operations in Afghanistan persisted and four more years passed before the Soviets finally withdrew their military forces. In No Miracles, Michael Fenzel explains why and how that happened, as viewed from the center of the Soviet state. From that perspective, three sources of failure stand out: poor civil-military relations, repeated and rapid turnover of Soviet leadership, and the perception that Soviet global prestige and influence were inexorably tied to the success of the Afghan mission. Fenzel enumerates the series of misperceptions and misjudgments that led to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, tracing the hazards of their military intervention and occupation. Ultimately, he offers a cautionary tale to nation states and policymakers considering military intervention and the use of force.

civil-military relations. --- politburo. --- political decision-making. --- soviet union. --- soviet war in Afghanistan. --- soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan. --- POLITICAL SCIENCE / Security (National & International). --- T͡SK KPSS. --- T︠S︡K KPSS. --- T︠S︡K KPSS --- Kommunisticheskai︠a︡ partii︠a︡ Sovetskogo Soi︠u︡za. --- Politbi︠u︡ro T︠S︡.K. K.P.S.S. --- Politbi︠u︡ro T︠S︡K KPSS --- Politburo (T︠S︡K KPSS) --- ЦК КПСС. --- Decision making. --- Afghanistan --- Soviet Union --- Советский Союз --- Ber. ha-M. --- Zwia̦zek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- Szovjetunió --- TSRS --- Tarybų Socialistinių Respublikų Sąjunga --- SRSR --- Soi︠u︡z Radi︠a︡nsʹkykh Sot︠s︡ialistychnykh Respublik --- SSSR --- Soi︠u︡z Sovetskikh Sot︠s︡ialisticheskikh Respublik --- UdSSR --- Shūravī --- Ittiḥād-i Jamāhīr-i Ishtirākīyah-i Shūrāʼīyah --- Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) --- Sovetskiy Soyuz --- Soyuz SSR --- Sovetskiĭ Soi︠u︡z --- Soi︠u︡z SSR --- Uni Sovjet --- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics --- USSR --- SSṚM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Ṛespublikaneri Miutʻyun --- SSHM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Hanrapetutʻyunneri Miutʻyun --- URSS --- Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas --- Berit ha-Moʻatsot --- Rusyah --- Ittiḥād al-Sūfiyītī --- Rusiyah --- Rusland --- Soṿet-Rusland --- Uni Soviet --- Union soviétique --- Zȯvlȯlt Kholboot Uls --- Związek Radziecki --- ESSD --- Sahaphāp Sōwīat --- KhSHM --- SSR Kavširi --- Russland --- SNTL --- PSRS --- Su-lien --- Sobhieṭ Ẏuniẏana --- FSSR --- Unione Sovietica --- Ittiḥād-i Shūravī --- Soviyat Yūniyan --- Russian S.F.S.R. --- History --- Military policy --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- ZSRR --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich --- ZSRS

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When it invaded Afghanistan in 2001, the United States sought to do something previous foreign powers had never attempted: to create an Afghani state where none existed. More than a decade on, the new regime in Kabul remains plagued by illegitimacy and ineffectiveness. What happened? As Thomas Barfield shows, the history of previous efforts to build governments in Afghanistan does much to explain the difficulties besetting this newest experiment. Princeton Shorts are brief selections taken from influential Princeton University Press books and produced exclusively in ebook format. Providing unmatched insight into important contemporary issues or timeless passages from classic works of the past, Princeton Shorts enable you to be an instant expert in a world where information is everywhere but quality is at a premium.

Islam and politics --- Islam --- Politics and Islam --- Political science --- History. --- Political aspects --- Afghanistan --- A-fu-han --- Afeganistão --- Affganistan --- Affghanistan --- Afganistan --- Afġānistān Islāmī Jumhoryat --- Afganistėn --- Afganistėn Myslimėn Respublikė --- Afghānistān Islāmī Imārat --- Afghánská islámská republika --- Afghanstan --- Afghanstan Islam Respublikaḣy --- Afhanistan --- Ăfqanıstan --- Ăfqanıstan İslam Respublikası --- Afuganisutan --- Ahyganitã --- Apganistan --- Aphganistan --- Da Afġānistān Islāmī Jumhoryat --- Democratic Republic of Afghanistan --- DRA --- Efẍanistan --- Gweriniaeth Islamaidd Affganistan --- Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan --- Islamic Republic of Afghanistan --- Islamic State of Afghanistan --- Islamikong Republika kan Apganistan --- Islamitiese Republiek van Afghanistan --- Islamska republika Afganistan --- Islamskai︠a︡ Rėspublika Afhanistan --- Isli︠a︡mska republika Afganistan --- Jamhuri-ye Islami-ye Afghanistan --- Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Afġānestān --- Jumhūrī-i Islāmī-i Afghānistān --- Republic of Afghanistan --- República Democrática de Afganistán --- Republik Islamek Afghanistan --- Tetã Islãrehegua Ahyganitã --- Афганистан --- Афганистэн --- Афганистэн Мыслимэн Республикэ --- Афганістан --- Ислямска република Афганистан --- Ісламская Рэспубліка Афганістан --- افغانستان --- جمهورى اسلامى افغانستان --- アフガニスタン --- Social conditions. --- Politics and government. --- Abdul Ahad Karzai. --- Abdul Haq (Afghan leader). --- Abdul Rashid Dostum. --- Abuse of power. --- Afghan refugees. --- Afghanistan. --- Afghanistanism. --- Al-Qaeda. --- Amanullah Khan. --- Appeasement. --- Assassination. --- Ba'athist Iraq. --- Babrak Karmal. --- Barakzai. --- Carpetbagger. --- Center of government. --- Central Asia. --- Colonialism. --- Consent of the governed. --- Consultation (Texas). --- Counter-insurgency. --- Counterforce. --- Decentralization. --- Demographics of Afghanistan. --- Durrani Empire. --- Electoral fraud. --- Estado Novo (Portugal). --- Failed state. --- Federally Administered Tribal Areas. --- First Anglo-Afghan War. --- George W. Bush. --- Gulbuddin Hekmatyar. --- Hafizullah Amin. --- Hamid Karzai. --- Head of government. --- Imperialism. --- Insurgency. --- Internally displaced person. --- International Security Assistance Force. --- International community. --- Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. --- Islamic extremism. --- Ismail Khan. --- Jalaluddin Haqqani. --- Jirga. --- Kabul. --- Left-wing politics. --- Loya jirga. --- Mass mobilization. --- MassResistance. --- Microstate. --- Military dictatorship. --- Military occupation. --- Mohammed Omar. --- Mohammed Zahir Shah. --- Muhammadzai (Hashtnagar). --- Mujahideen. --- Musahiban. --- NATO. --- Najibullah (militant leader). --- Name recognition. --- Nation-building. --- Neocolonialism. --- Nuristanis. --- Pakistan. --- Pashtuns. --- People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan. --- Politician. --- Power politics. --- President of Afghanistan. --- Prime Minister of Canada. --- Provincial Reconstruction Team. --- Provisional government. --- Puppet state. --- Racism. --- Reactionary. --- Refugee. --- Resistance movement. --- Sadozai (Pashtun tribe). --- Second Anglo-Afghan War. --- Sovereignty. --- Soviet Union. --- Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan. --- Strongman (politics). --- Subsidy. --- Tajiks. --- Taliban insurgency. --- Taliban. --- Tax. --- Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan. --- Territorial integrity. --- The Iraqis (party). --- Treaty of Gandamak. --- United States invasion of Afghanistan. --- War crime. --- War in Afghanistan (2001–14). --- War in Afghanistan (2015–present). --- War of succession. --- Warfare. --- Zhou Enlai.