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DNA sequences --- Southern Ocean --- picophytoplankton --- symposium abstracts

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The physical isolation of the Antarctic shelf and extreme life conditions contribute to its high degree of endemism. The shelf fauna would, however, be composed of Gondwanan descendants, but also of more recent colonizers. Extreme temperature changes along the climatic history of this region led to the extinction of some lineages, while others flourished. Using molecular phylogenetic methods, this thesis aims to contribute to the general understanding of the evolutionary processes — extinctions, dispersals and in situ diversifications — shaping the biodiversity and geographical distributions of Antarctic amphipods of the families Epimeriidae (genus Epimeria) and Iphimediidae. The systematics of the superfamily presumably including the latter two model families, Eusiroidea, is first revised. Secondly, species boundaries within Epimeria are investigated by using a combination of DNA-based species delimitation methods and morphological descriptions, to ultimately reassess the geographical distribution of species. Finally, the origin of Antarctic lineages, dispersals in/out of the Antarctic shelf and in situ diversification patterns of both Epimeria and iphimediids are explored, using time-calibrated phylogenies. The systematic study of Eusiroidea indicates that at least species belonging to 14 families, including Epimeriidae and Iphimediidae, should be included in a phylogenetically meaningful delimitation of the superfamily. The species richness within Epimeria is greatly underestimated as most nominal species appear to be complexes of geographically-restricted pseudocryptic species. The monophyly of Antarctic Epimeria and (sub-)Antarctic iphimediids suggests that both lineages evolved in isolation since their origin. Both latter clades likely arose from late Gondwanan ancestors and diversified in a cooling environment. (SC - Sciences) -- UCL, 2017

Systematics --- Phylogeography --- Biogeography --- Southern Ocean --- Amphipoda --- Antarctica --- Phylogeny

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Arctic Ocean --- Southern Ocean --- remote sensing --- sea ice algae --- interdisciplinary --- polar regions --- biogeochemistry --- cryosphere

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Science: general issues --- Physical geography & topography --- Arctic Ocean --- Southern Ocean --- remote sensing --- sea ice algae --- interdisciplinary --- polar regions --- biogeochemistry --- cryosphere

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Nature protection --- Fishes --- Fauna. Zoological determination guides --- Hunting. Fishery. Aquaculture --- Antarctica --- Marine animals --- Marine plants --- Fishery resources --- Identification. --- Identification --- Antarctic organism identification --- Algae identification in Southern ocean --- Fish identification in Southern ocean --- Crab identification in Southern ocean --- Gasteropoda identification in Southern ocean --- Mammals identification in Southern ocean --- Cephalopoda identification in Southern ocean --- Southern ocean organism identification --- Bivalves identification in Southern ocean --- Ressource halieutique --- Écologie marine --- marine ecology --- Communauté aquatique --- Aquatic communities --- identification --- FAO --- glossaire --- glossary --- Océan antarctique --- Antarctic Ocean --- 591.524.1 <269> --- 57.082.13 --- -#ABIB:FAOdeposit --- Fish resources --- Fisheries resources --- Aquatic resources --- Wildlife resources --- Aquatic animals--Zuidelijke IJszee --- Identification and marking of specimens --- 639.2.053.2 --- Marine fauna --- -Marine animals --- -Marine fauna --- Ocean animals --- Sea animals --- Aquatic animals --- Marine organisms --- Fish stocks. Composition and density --- -Fish stocks. Composition and density --- 57.082.13 Identification and marking of specimens --- 591.524.1 <269> Aquatic animals--Zuidelijke IJszee --- 639.2.053.2 Fish stocks. Composition and density --- -639.2.053.2 Fish stocks. Composition and density --- identification. --- Fishery resources - Antarctic Ocean - Identification --- Marine animals - Antarctic Ocean - Identification --- Marine plants - Antarctic Ocean - Identification --- -Identification --- Pacifique antartique