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This book challenges conventional wisdom about bullfighting. With an innovative approach, based on the work of Norbert Elias, the author argues bullfight is the result of the interaction between transformations of society and decisions that aim to create bullfighting rules. In the course of history, bullfighting became civilized, that is, pacified, in the sense that the level of self-control in the conduct and emotions of both bullfighters and public increased. This does not mean that violence has disappeared, but that it has acquired new traits. This historical path, from the 15th century to the present, is reconstructed in these pages by analyzing bullfighting in Portugal through the viewpoint of the regulation of violence, its public exposure and its relationship with the population's patterns of behavior and sensitivity. Este livro desafia a sabedoria convencional acerca das corridas de touros. Com uma abordagem inovadora, a partir da obra de Norbert Elias, defende que a tourada é o resultado da interação entre as transformações da sociedade e as decisões que visam criar regras sobre a lide do touro. No decurso da história, a corrida de touros civilizou-se, ou seja, pacificou-se, no sentido em que foi aumentando o nível de autocontrolo na conduta e nas emoções quer dos toureiros quer do público. Tal não significa que a violência tenha desaparecido, mas sim que adquiriu novas faces e contornos. Este percurso histórico, desde o século xv até à atualidade, é reconstruído nestas páginas analisando a corrida de touros em Portugal através do prisma da regulação da violência, da sua exposição pública e da sua relação com os padrões de comportamento e de sensibilidade da população.

Social & cultural history --- European history --- Early modern history: c 1450/1500 to c 1700 --- 20th century history: c 1900 to c 2000 --- Portugal --- bulfighting history --- historical sociology --- Norbert Elias --- história da tourada --- sociologia histórica --- HBTB --- HBJD --- HBLC1 --- HBLH --- HBLW --- Portugal --- bulfighting history --- historical sociology --- Norbert Elias --- história da tourada --- sociologia histórica --- HBTB --- HBJD --- HBLC1 --- HBLH --- HBLW

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Culture --- Popular culture --- Cultural policy --- Cultural policy. --- Culture. --- Popular culture. --- Culture, Popular --- Mass culture --- Pop culture --- Popular arts --- Cultural sociology --- Sociology of culture --- Intellectual life --- State encouragement of science, literature, and art --- Political aspects --- Government policy --- Communication --- Mass society --- Recreation --- Civilization --- Social aspects --- Law and legislation --- Cultura --- Filosofia --- Sociologia cultural --- Sociologia de la cultura --- Vida cultural --- Civilització --- Educació --- Erudició --- Sociologia històrica

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The book presents a series of ethnographic studies, which illustrate issues of wider importance, such as the role of cultural traditions, concepts and learning procedures in the development of formal (or mathematical) thinking outside of the western tradition. It focuses on research at the crossroads of anthropology and ethnomathematics to document indigenous mathematical knowledge and its inclusion in specific cultural patterns. More generally, the book demonstrates the heuristic value of crossing ethnographical, anthropological and ethnomathematical approaches to highlight and analyze—or "formalize" with a pedagogical outlook—indigenous mathematical knowledge. The book is divided into three parts. The first part extensively analyzes theoretical claims using particular ethnographic data, while revealing the structural mathematical features of different ludic, graphic, or technical/procedural practices in their links to other cultural phenomena. In the second part, new empirical studies that add data and perspectives from the body of studies on indigenous knowledge systems to the ongoing discussions in mathematics education in and for diverse cultural traditions are presented. This part considers, on the one hand, the Brazilian work in this field; on the other hand, it brings ethnographic innovation from other parts of the world. The third part comprises a broad philosophical discussion of the impact of intuitive or "ontological" premises on mathematical thinking and education in the light of recent developments within so-called indigenously inspired thinking. Finally, the editors’ conclusions aim to invite the broad and diversified field of scholars in this domain of research to seek alternative approaches for understanding mathematical reasoning and the adjacent adequate educational goals and means. This book is of interest to scholars and students in anthropology, ethnomathematics, history and philosophy of science, mathematics, and mathematics education, as well as other individuals interested in these topics.

Mathematics—Study and teaching. --- Anthropology. --- Education—Philosophy. --- Mathematics Education. --- Philosophy of Education. --- Ensenyament de la matemàtica --- Antropologia --- Filosofia de l'educació --- Primitive societies --- Social sciences --- Human beings --- Filosofia social --- Antropologia educativa --- Teoria de l'educació --- Civilització --- Home --- Aculturació --- Antropologia aplicada --- Antropologia cultural --- Antropologia de l'alimentació --- Antropologia física --- Antropologia jurídica --- Antropologia marítima --- Antropologia marxista --- Antropologia mèdica --- Antropologia simbòlica --- Antropologia social --- Antropometria --- Arqueologia --- Assimilació (Sociologia) --- Espai (Antropologia) --- Etnografia --- Etnolingüística --- Etnopsicologia --- Geografia humana --- Home prehistòric --- Identitat nacional --- Llenguatge i llengües --- Nòmades --- Sociologia històrica --- Antropòlegs --- Història de l'antropologia --- Aprenentatge de la matemàtica --- Ensenyament de les matemàtiques --- Ensenyament --- Matemàtica --- Ethnomathematics. --- Ethno-mathematics --- Indigenous peoples --- Mathematics, Primitive --- Ethnology --- Mathematics

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Offering an alternative discourse on modernization and development viewed specifically from the East Asia perspective, it focuses its analysis on the Korean experience of modernization and development. It considers the broad range of societal transformations which have occurred over the past half century, utilizing the vernacular language of Korea extracted from everyday life to interpret, characterize, globalize and pedagogically broaden the understanding and the human meaning behind these complex social changes.

Culture --- Ethnology --- Philosophy, Asian. --- Area studies. --- Religion and culture. --- Cultural and Media Studies. --- Asian Culture. --- Non-Western Philosophy. --- Area Studies. --- Sociology of Culture. --- Study and teaching. --- Asia. --- Korea --- Social conditions. --- Economic conditions. --- Politics and government. --- Culture and religion --- Asian philosophy --- Oriental philosophy --- Philosophy, Oriental --- Area research --- Foreign area studies --- Cultural studies --- Cultura --- Etnología --- Filosofía --- Religión y cultura --- Filosofía oriental --- Estudio y enseñanza --- Asia --- Corea --- Civilización --- Situación social --- Situación económica --- Política y gobierno --- ORIENTALES --- Ethnology-Asia. --- Education --- Research --- Geography --- Study and teaching --- Filosofía asiática --- Cultura asiática --- Filosofía no occidental --- Estudios de área --- Sociología de la cultura --- Sociología cultural --- Vida intelectual --- Sociología histórica --- Educación --- Ethnology—Asia. --- Culture. --- Cultural sociology --- Sociology of culture --- Civilization --- Popular culture --- Social aspects

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Anthropology --- Paleontology --- Neurology --- Anthropologie --- Paléontologie --- Neurologie --- Anthropology. --- Neurology. --- Paleontology. --- Diergedrag. --- Gedrag. --- Ontogenese. --- Fylogenese. --- Antropologia. --- Paleontologia. --- Neurologia. --- Medicina --- Electrofisiologia --- Inhibició --- Neurocirurgia --- Neurooftalmologia --- Neuroimmunologia --- Neurologia pediàtrica --- Neurologia geriàtrica --- Neurologia veterinària --- Psicofisiologia --- Psicopatologia --- Urgències en neurologia --- Neuròlegs --- Paleontologia zoològica --- Paleozoologia --- Geologia històrica --- Zoologia --- Bioestratigrafia --- Fòssils --- Icnologia --- Làmines primes (Geologia) --- Micropaleontologia --- Paleoantropologia --- Paleobiogeografia --- Paleobiologia --- Paleobotànica --- Paleoentomologia --- Paleopatologia --- Tafonomia --- Animals extints --- Animals fòssils --- Plistocè --- Civilització --- Home --- Aculturació --- Antropologia aplicada --- Antropologia cultural --- Antropologia de l'alimentació --- Antropologia física --- Antropologia jurídica --- Antropologia marítima --- Antropologia marxista --- Antropologia mèdica --- Antropologia simbòlica --- Antropologia social --- Antropometria --- Arqueologia --- Assimilació (Sociologia) --- Espai (Antropologia) --- Etnografia --- Etnolingüística --- Etnopsicologia --- Geografia humana --- Home prehistòric --- Identitat nacional --- Llenguatge i llengües --- Nòmades --- Sociologia històrica --- Antropòlegs --- Història de l'antropologia --- Human beings --- Fossilogy --- Fossilology --- Palaeontology --- Paleontology, Zoological --- Paleozoology --- Historical geology --- Zoology --- Fossils --- Prehistoric animals in motion pictures --- Medicine --- Nervous system --- Neuropsychiatry --- Diseases --- Primitive societies