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Humans and many other social animals decide, or learn when necessary, what to do in a given social situation by assessing a range of variables related to social states (e.g., competitive or cooperative), others’ overt behavior (e.g., response choices and outcomes), others’ covert mental states (e.g., beliefs, intentions and desires), and one’s own interpersonal inclination (e.g. other-regarding preferences and generosity). Recent studies in social neuroscience have begun to uncover how such social decision variables are processed, encoded, and integrated in the brain. The goal of the current Research Topic is to promote a better understanding of neural basis of social learning, social decision-making, and other-regarding preferences. This Research Topic welcomes original research articles, reviews, perspectives/opinions, as well as methods on this topic. We hope to represent recent research advances from neuroimaging, neurophysiological, neuropsychological, behavioural, as well as computational studies. The contributed papers will be accepted until the full article submission deadline on a rolling basis.

Social Change --- Sociology & Social History --- Social Sciences --- prosocial behavior --- competitive behavior --- oxytocin --- social gaze orienting --- social neuroscience

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It's a commonplace that citizens in Western democracies are disaffected with their political leaders and traditional democratic institutions. But in Democratic Legitimacy, Pierre Rosanvallon, one of today's leading political thinkers, argues that this crisis of confidence is partly a crisis of understanding. He makes the case that the sources of democratic legitimacy have shifted and multiplied over the past thirty years and that we need to comprehend and make better use of these new sources of legitimacy in order to strengthen our political self-belief and commitment to democracy. Drawing on examples from France and the United States, Rosanvallon notes that there has been a major expansion of independent commissions, NGOs, regulatory authorities, and watchdogs in recent decades. At the same time, constitutional courts have become more willing and able to challenge legislatures. These institutional developments, which serve the democratic values of impartiality and reflexivity, have been accompanied by a new attentiveness to what Rosanvallon calls the value of proximity, as governing structures have sought to find new spaces for minorities, the particular, and the local. To improve our democracies, we need to use these new sources of legitimacy more effectively and we need to incorporate them into our accounts of democratic government. An original contribution to the vigorous international debate about democratic authority and legitimacy, this promises to be one of Rosanvallon's most important books.

Legitimacy of governments. --- Democracy. --- Governments, Legitimacy of --- Legitimacy (Constitutional law) --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Revolutions --- Sovereignty --- State, The --- General will --- Political stability --- Regime change --- Self-government --- Political science --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Democracy --- Legitimacy of governments --- Western democracy. --- administration. --- administrative-executive power. --- appropriation. --- bureaucracies. --- bureaucracy. --- care. --- citizens. --- civic life. --- constitution. --- constitutional courts. --- constitutional judges. --- constitutional oversight. --- constitutional review. --- constitutional thought. --- corporatism. --- countermajoritarian difficulty. --- democracy. --- democratic authority. --- democratic ideals. --- democratic impartiality. --- democratic institution. --- democratic institutions. --- democratic legitimacy. --- democratic systems. --- derivative legitimacy. --- direct relations. --- dual legitimacy. --- elections. --- electoral legitimation. --- electoral politics. --- executive functions. --- flexible relations. --- general interest. --- generality. --- government initiatives. --- government intervention. --- government. --- identification. --- identity politics. --- immediate democracy. --- impartiality. --- independent authorities. --- independent commissions. --- indirect democracy. --- informal relations. --- interactive democracy. --- judicial power. --- judicial powers. --- legitimacy. --- majority rule. --- modern individualistic states. --- multiplication. --- new democratic institutions. --- numerical unanimity. --- oversight function. --- participatory democracy. --- particularity. --- pluralization. --- political community. --- political investment. --- political leaders. --- political legitimacy. --- political obligation. --- political representatives. --- presence. --- proximity. --- rational administration. --- reflexive democracy. --- reflexivity. --- regulatory function. --- representation. --- social existence. --- social expectations. --- social gaze. --- substantive unanimity. --- unanimity. --- unelected judges. --- unpolitical democracy.

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Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary field in the study of the mind and intelligence. The term cognition refers to a variety of mental processes, including perception, problem solving, learning, decision making, language use, and emotional experience. The basis of the cognitive sciences is the contribution of philosophy and computing to the study of cognition. Computing is very important in the study of cognition because computer-aided research helps to develop mental processes, and computers are used to test scientific hypotheses about mental organization and functioning. This book provides a platform for reviewing these disciplines and presenting cognitive research as a separate discipline.

computer adaptive testing --- code tracing --- basic programming skills --- internet of thing (IoT) --- eye tracking --- heart rate (HR) --- measurements --- data analysis --- Internet addiction --- dysfunctional emotions --- coping strategies --- emotional problems --- human–AI interaction --- interaction design --- Kansei engineering --- user satisfaction --- voice-based intelligent system --- dynamic gesture recognition --- gesture spotting --- self-organizing map --- computational psychology --- computational cognitive modeling --- machine learning --- concept blending --- conceptual combinations --- recall --- computational creativity --- cognition --- instance selection --- clustering --- information processing --- cognitive aspects --- remote --- virtual simulation --- incident commander --- user experiences --- problem solving --- decision making --- assessment --- learning --- privacy-preserving computations --- homomorphic encryption --- EEG signals --- school children --- functional vision --- vision screening --- vision training --- eye-tracking --- stakeholders --- human–robot interaction --- social gaze --- eye-to-eye contact --- emotional interfaces --- eye–brain–computer interfaces --- attention --- reflection --- usability --- brain hemispheric lateralization --- online educational material --- instructional design --- methodology --- model --- virtual reality --- virtual environment --- stress --- spaceflight --- training --- EEG --- emotion --- neural networks --- M3GP --- BED --- Emotiv --- multiclass --- deep learning --- traffic accident --- spatially prolonged risk --- Gestalt --- proximity --- open data --- n/a --- human-AI interaction --- human-robot interaction --- eye-brain-computer interfaces