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Staphylococcus aureus (SA) colonizes the skin and mucosa of about 30% of healthy adults. lt is also the most common cause of skin and soft-tissue infections, such as abscesses and wound infections. Some strains of SA can produce a toxin named Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL). This toxin PVL is frequently associated with cutaneous infections. PVL toxin is most frequently associated with methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) but some methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) may also be implicated. The prognosis may be influenced by the strain involved in the infection. Although the pathophysiology of the PVL toxin is well known, the clinical outcome remains unclear. Some PVL strains seem to cause invasive infections such as pneumonia or necrosing fasciitis with poor prognosis. When the toxin infects the skin, we mainly observe infections such as abscesses and furuncle’s. This skin infection seems to be more recurrent when the SA is PVL positive. The fact that PVL is either a pathogenic or an epidemiological marker is unclear. Our retrospective study aims to identify the type of skin disease associated with the PVL toxin. The database was provided by the Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc (Bruxelles) which saved SA isolates throughout the year 2014. Some clinical information has also been analyzed. The objective is to identify epidemiological and clinical aspects of SA PVL+ cutaneous infections and in particular to determine the role of this toxin in the severity of cutaneous infections and then propose an optimized treatment for the affected patients. Le Staphylococcus aureus (SA) colonise la peau et les muqueuses de 30% des adultes sains. Il est également la cause la plus commune des infections de la peau et des tissus mous telles que les abcès et les infections de plaies. Certaines souches de SA possèdent des gènes codants pour une toxine particulière : la leucocidine de Panton-Valentine (PVL). Elle est fréquemment retrouvée dans les frottis d'infections cutanées. La toxine PVL est le plus souvent produite par des SA sensibles à la méthicilline (MSSA), mais on retrouve parfois des M RSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) capables de produire cette toxine. Le pronostic pourrait être influencé par le type de souche impliqué dans l'infection. Si la physiopathologie de la toxine PVL est bien étudiée à l'heure actuelle, son implication clinique reste imprécise. Au niveau systémique, elle semble très invasive et donne des infections type fasciites et pneumonies nécrosantes. Au niveau cutané, elle serait responsable de furonculoses récurrentes. La virulence et la tendance épidémique de cette toxine sont sujettes à débat. Notre étude rétrospective vise à identifier le(s) type(s) de lésion(s) cutanée(s), dans le(s)quel(s) on retrouve un Staphylococcus aureus avec la toxine de PVL positive. La base de données est fournie par le laboratoire des Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc (Bruxelles) qui a recensé les frottis à SA sur l'année 2014. Cette étude compare les frottis où la toxine PVL est détectée avec ceux où la toxine n'est pas détectée. Elle a également pour objectif d'analyser les différences épidémiologiques et cliniques entre les lésions cutanées PVL positives et négatives, afin de mieux identifier le rôle de cette toxine dans la sévérité des infections et d'optimiser le traitement des patients atteints.

Staphylococcus aureus --- Bacterial Toxins --- Leukocidins --- Panton-Valentine leukocidin --- Staphylococcal Skin Infections

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This Special Issue explores the range of clinical manifestations and epidemiology of both skin NTDs and common skin disease in endemic regions, the use of common diagnostic and management pathways, the different technologies that play a role in diagnosis and training, the role of patient involvement at a community level, as well as the assessment of the results of different initiatives in the field.

n/a --- topical corticosteroids --- mental health --- digital handheld microscope --- skin infections --- sporotrichosis Community dermatology --- mHealth --- animal reservoir --- iatrogenic --- case management --- Wet Dermatoscopy (w-DS) --- Mycobacterium ulcerans --- transmission --- neglected tropical diseases --- review --- Enhanced Dermatoscopy (e-DS) --- outbreak --- long range diagnosis --- teledermatology --- Treponema pallidum --- leprosy --- onchocerciasis --- mass drug administration --- point of care test --- scabies --- Africa --- podoconiosis --- Mite-Gallery Unit (MGU) --- diagnosis --- Amerindian communities --- eumycetoma --- community engagement --- clinical presentation --- integration --- onchocercal skin disease --- mycetoma --- PCR --- mobile phone application --- stigma --- resource-poor setting --- slit skin smears --- morbidity management --- training --- tele-expertise --- ivermectin --- eHealth --- NTDs --- Dry Dermatoscopy (d-DS) --- Amazon lowland --- actinomycetoma --- patient involvement --- tropical skin diseases --- surveillance --- yaws --- skin diseases --- skin NTDs --- lymphedema --- Cushing syndrome --- onchodermatitis --- skin disease --- primary health care --- technology --- skin biopsy --- impetigo --- early diagnosis --- dermatology --- telepathology --- drought --- subcutaneous mycosis --- disease mapping --- emergency state --- Entodermoscopy (EDS) --- leprosy diagnosis