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Presses. --- Costs. --- Procurement. --- Site selection. --- Specifications. --- Surveys.

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ANIMALS --- FLORA --- AIR --- WATER --- SOIL SURVEYS --- LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY --- NETHERLANDS --- SITE SELECTION --- SURVEYS --- SURVEYS --- SURVEYS --- SURVEYS --- ANIMALS --- FLORA --- AIR --- WATER --- SOIL SURVEYS --- LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY --- NETHERLANDS --- SITE SELECTION --- SURVEYS --- SURVEYS --- SURVEYS --- SURVEYS

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Le choix des sites dortoirs chez les primates est d’une importance cruciale, influençant leur adaptation à l’environnement et leur survie. Cependant, l'observation nocturne de ces sites constitue un défi, surtout pour les espèces non habituées aux observateurs humains. L'utilisation de l'imagerie thermique infrarouge avec des drones a émergé comme une méthode prometteuse pour surveiller les primates. Cette technologie permet de détecter et de compter les primates arboricoles en se basant sur la différence de température entre leur corps chaud et les canopées plus froides des arbres.
Le douc à pattes noires (Pygathrix nigripes), classé en danger critique d'extinction par l'UICN, fait face à la perte continue de son habitat et à la chasse. Explorer les facteurs qui influencent le choix des sites dortoirs pour cette espèce est essentiel pour sa préservation. 
Cette étude s'est déroulée dans le parc national de Cát Tiên, au Vietnam, en utilisant un drone équipé d'imagerie thermique pour détecter les sites dortoirs nocturnes des doucs. L'objectif principal était d'explorer les facteurs biotiques et abiotiques qui influencent le choix de ces sites. Les hypothèses testées comprenaient l'évitement des prédateurs et la proximité des sources de nourriture.
Les résultats ont été obtenus à partir de 133 survols aériens avec des drones le long de 22 transects. Sur les 242 groupes de doucs détectés via imagerie thermique, 81 sites dortoirs ont été identifiés et nous avons analysé la structure forestière de 65 d’entre eux. L'étude de la structure forestière dans ces sites a révélé que les doucs sélectionnent les arbres émergents et de grande circonférence, tels que Lagerstroemia sp et Afzelia xylocarpa, en raison de leur proximité aux sources de nourriture et de la sécurité contre les prédateurs que ceux-ci leur offrent.
En somme, cette recherche met en lumière l'utilisation efficace de l'imagerie thermique par drone pour étudier la sélection des sites dortoirs chez le douc à pattes noires. Les résultats préliminaires soulignent l'importance des facteurs biotiques dans la sélection de ces sites, offrant ainsi un aperçu précieux pour la conservation de cette espèce en danger. The selection of sleeping sites by primates is crucial, influencing their adaptation to the environment and survival. However, nighttime observation of these sites is challenging, especially for species not accustomed to human observers. The use of infrared thermal imaging with drones has emerged as a promising method for monitoring primates. This technology detects and counts arboreal primates based on the temperature difference between their warm bodies and the cooler canopy of trees.
The black-shanked douc (Pygathrix nigripes), classified as critically endangered by the IUCN, faces ongoing habitat loss and hunting. Exploring factors influencing sleeping site selection for this species is essential for its preservation.
This study took place in Cát Tiên National Park, Vietnam, using a drone equipped with thermal imaging to detect nocturnal sleeping sites of black-shanked doucs. The main objective was to explore biotic and abiotic factors influencing site selection. Hypotheses tested included predator avoidance and proximity to food sources.
Results were derived from 133 drone flights along 22 transects. Out of 242 douc groups detected via thermal imaging, 81 sleeping sites were identified, and the forest structure of 65 of these was analyzed. The study of forest structure in these sites revealed that doucs select emergent and large-circumference trees, such as Lagerstroemia sp and Afzelia xylocarpa, due to their proximity to food sources and the protection against predators they offer.
In conclusion, this research highlights the effective use of drone thermal imaging to study sleeping site choices of black-shanked doucs. Preliminary findings emphasize the importance of biotic factors in sleeping site selection, providing valuable insights for conserving this endangered species.

primatology --- sleeping site selection --- ecology --- Pygathrix nigripes --- Thermal imaging --- Sciences du vivant > Sciences de l'environnement & écologie

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Smart Cities seek to optimize their systems by increasing integration through approaches such as increased interoperability, seamless system integration, and automation. Thus, they have the potential to deliver substantial efficiency gains and eliminate redundancy. To add to the complexity of the problem, the integration of systems for efficiency gains may compromise the resilience of an urban system. This all needs to be taken into consideration when thinking about Smart Cities. The transportation field must also apply the principles and concepts mentioned above. This cannot be understood without considering its links and effects on the other components of an urban system. New technologies allow for new means of travel to be built, and new business models allow for existing ones to be utilized. This Special Issue puts together papers with different focuses, but all of them tackle the topic of smart mobility.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- city logistics --- cargo bike --- cargo cycle --- simulation --- geometrical model --- shopping mall --- concentrated sets of delivery locations --- bike delivery --- big data --- flow clustering --- intelligent transportation systems --- multi-source data analyses --- spatio-temporal data analyses --- user experience --- multi-criteria decision-making --- AHP/TOPSIS hybrid approach --- optimal site selection --- GeoSpatial data --- smart cities --- fire rescue service --- housing estates --- swept paths --- digital model --- cooperative systems --- evaluation methodology --- telematics --- functional evaluation --- impact assessment --- user acceptance --- traffic control --- urban tunnel --- integration --- city logistics --- cargo bike --- cargo cycle --- simulation --- geometrical model --- shopping mall --- concentrated sets of delivery locations --- bike delivery --- big data --- flow clustering --- intelligent transportation systems --- multi-source data analyses --- spatio-temporal data analyses --- user experience --- multi-criteria decision-making --- AHP/TOPSIS hybrid approach --- optimal site selection --- GeoSpatial data --- smart cities --- fire rescue service --- housing estates --- swept paths --- digital model --- cooperative systems --- evaluation methodology --- telematics --- functional evaluation --- impact assessment --- user acceptance --- traffic control --- urban tunnel --- integration

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Smart Cities seek to optimize their systems by increasing integration through approaches such as increased interoperability, seamless system integration, and automation. Thus, they have the potential to deliver substantial efficiency gains and eliminate redundancy. To add to the complexity of the problem, the integration of systems for efficiency gains may compromise the resilience of an urban system. This all needs to be taken into consideration when thinking about Smart Cities. The transportation field must also apply the principles and concepts mentioned above. This cannot be understood without considering its links and effects on the other components of an urban system. New technologies allow for new means of travel to be built, and new business models allow for existing ones to be utilized. This Special Issue puts together papers with different focuses, but all of them tackle the topic of smart mobility.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- city logistics --- cargo bike --- cargo cycle --- simulation --- geometrical model --- shopping mall --- concentrated sets of delivery locations --- bike delivery --- big data --- flow clustering --- intelligent transportation systems --- multi-source data analyses --- spatio-temporal data analyses --- user experience --- multi-criteria decision-making --- AHP/TOPSIS hybrid approach --- optimal site selection --- GeoSpatial data --- smart cities --- fire rescue service --- housing estates --- swept paths --- digital model --- cooperative systems --- evaluation methodology --- telematics --- functional evaluation --- impact assessment --- user acceptance --- traffic control --- urban tunnel --- integration --- n/a