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This report reviews, and explains the research literature pertaining to simulator sickness. Simulator sickness is a form of motion sickness. Consequently, motion sickness is reviewed also. Special emphasis is given to simulator-based flight training--especially helicopter flight training. This review includes the sensory basis of the perception of motion, the terminology of motion sickness and simulator sickness, a selected history of these research fields, sickness signs and symptoms, measurement issues, incidence of sickness, residual aftereffects, adaptation to a novel motion environment, susceptibility factors, performance issues, training issues, safety issues, treatment, theory, guidelines for simulator-based flight training, and suggestions for further research. The sensory conflict theory and the postural instability theory are described insofar as they relate both to motion sickness and to simulator sickness. The effect of simulator sickness on training effectiveness, if any, remains a subject for future applied research.

Simulator sickness --- Research

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Military education --- Simulator sickness

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Die minimal invasive Chirurgie stellt besondere Anforderungen an die Chirurgen. Deshalb ist ein Simulator-Training wichtig. Für ein effektives Training ist eine automatisierte Beurteilung wesentlich. Deshalb wird hier ein neues, umfassendes Konzept für die automatisierte Bewertung von Fertigkeiten in der minimal invasiven Chirurgie für Virtual Reality Simulatoren vorgestellt. Dabei wird das Bewertungssystem für eine zeitnahe Beurteilung in einer Grid-Umgebung implementiert.

Bewertung --- minimal invasive Chirurgie --- Simulator

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Fire --- Mathematical models. --- Fire dynamics simulator (Computer file)

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In partially automated driver assistance systems it remains to the drivers to monitor the system's behavior on errors and to intervene in critical situations. It is the goal of the current research to further analyze the advantages and disadvantages of such systems. Within the exemplary situational context of partially automation in traffic-jams, new ways of interaction to enhance the drivers' ability to react to critical situations are derived and evaluated.

Driving Simulator --- Partially Automated Driving --- Situationsbewusstsein --- Situation Awareness --- Fahrsimulator --- Human-Machine Interaction --- Mensch-Maschine Interaktion --- Teilautomation