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Short-term load forecasting (STLF) plays a key role in the formulation of economic, reliable, and secure operating strategies (planning, scheduling, maintenance, and control processes, among others) for a power system and will be significant in the future. However, there is still much to do in these research areas. The deployment of enabling technologies (e.g., smart meters) has made high-granularity data available for many customer segments and to approach many issues, for instance, to make forecasting tasks feasible at several demand aggregation levels. The first challenge is the improvement of STLF models and their performance at new aggregation levels. Moreover, the mix of renewables in the power system, and the necessity to include more flexibility through demand response initiatives have introduced greater uncertainties, which means new challenges for STLF in a more dynamic power system in the 2030–50 horizon. Many techniques have been proposed and applied for STLF, including traditional statistical models and AI techniques. Besides, distribution planning needs, as well as grid modernization, have initiated the development of hierarchical load forecasting. Analogously, the need to face new sources of uncertainty in the power system is giving more importance to probabilistic load forecasting. This Special Issue deals with both fundamental research and practical application research on STLF methodologies to face the challenges of a more distributed and customer-centered power system.

History of engineering & technology --- short-term load forecasting --- demand-side management --- pattern similarity --- hierarchical short-term load forecasting --- feature selection --- weather station selection --- load forecasting --- special days --- regressive models --- electric load forecasting --- data preprocessing technique --- multiobjective optimization algorithm --- combined model --- Nordic electricity market --- electricity demand --- component estimation method --- univariate and multivariate time series analysis --- modeling and forecasting --- deep learning --- wavenet --- long short-term memory --- demand response --- hybrid energy system --- data augmentation --- convolution neural network --- residential load forecasting --- forecasting --- time series --- cubic splines --- real-time electricity load --- seasonal patterns --- Load forecasting --- VSTLF --- bus load forecasting --- DBN --- PSR --- distributed energy resources --- prosumers --- building electric energy consumption forecasting --- cold-start problem --- transfer learning --- multivariate random forests --- random forest --- electricity consumption --- lasso --- Tikhonov regularization --- load metering --- preliminary load --- short term load forecasting --- performance criteria --- power systems --- cost analysis --- day ahead --- feature extraction --- deep residual neural network --- multiple sources --- electricity

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• Reference Manager
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Short-term load forecasting (STLF) plays a key role in the formulation of economic, reliable, and secure operating strategies (planning, scheduling, maintenance, and control processes, among others) for a power system and will be significant in the future. However, there is still much to do in these research areas. The deployment of enabling technologies (e.g., smart meters) has made high-granularity data available for many customer segments and to approach many issues, for instance, to make forecasting tasks feasible at several demand aggregation levels. The first challenge is the improvement of STLF models and their performance at new aggregation levels. Moreover, the mix of renewables in the power system, and the necessity to include more flexibility through demand response initiatives have introduced greater uncertainties, which means new challenges for STLF in a more dynamic power system in the 2030–50 horizon. Many techniques have been proposed and applied for STLF, including traditional statistical models and AI techniques. Besides, distribution planning needs, as well as grid modernization, have initiated the development of hierarchical load forecasting. Analogously, the need to face new sources of uncertainty in the power system is giving more importance to probabilistic load forecasting. This Special Issue deals with both fundamental research and practical application research on STLF methodologies to face the challenges of a more distributed and customer-centered power system.

History of engineering & technology --- short-term load forecasting --- demand-side management --- pattern similarity --- hierarchical short-term load forecasting --- feature selection --- weather station selection --- load forecasting --- special days --- regressive models --- electric load forecasting --- data preprocessing technique --- multiobjective optimization algorithm --- combined model --- Nordic electricity market --- electricity demand --- component estimation method --- univariate and multivariate time series analysis --- modeling and forecasting --- deep learning --- wavenet --- long short-term memory --- demand response --- hybrid energy system --- data augmentation --- convolution neural network --- residential load forecasting --- forecasting --- time series --- cubic splines --- real-time electricity load --- seasonal patterns --- Load forecasting --- VSTLF --- bus load forecasting --- DBN --- PSR --- distributed energy resources --- prosumers --- building electric energy consumption forecasting --- cold-start problem --- transfer learning --- multivariate random forests --- random forest --- electricity consumption --- lasso --- Tikhonov regularization --- load metering --- preliminary load --- short term load forecasting --- performance criteria --- power systems --- cost analysis --- day ahead --- feature extraction --- deep residual neural network --- multiple sources --- electricity --- short-term load forecasting --- demand-side management --- pattern similarity --- hierarchical short-term load forecasting --- feature selection --- weather station selection --- load forecasting --- special days --- regressive models --- electric load forecasting --- data preprocessing technique --- multiobjective optimization algorithm --- combined model --- Nordic electricity market --- electricity demand --- component estimation method --- univariate and multivariate time series analysis --- modeling and forecasting --- deep learning --- wavenet --- long short-term memory --- demand response --- hybrid energy system --- data augmentation --- convolution neural network --- residential load forecasting --- forecasting --- time series --- cubic splines --- real-time electricity load --- seasonal patterns --- Load forecasting --- VSTLF --- bus load forecasting --- DBN --- PSR --- distributed energy resources --- prosumers --- building electric energy consumption forecasting --- cold-start problem --- transfer learning --- multivariate random forests --- random forest --- electricity consumption --- lasso --- Tikhonov regularization --- load metering --- preliminary load --- short term load forecasting --- performance criteria --- power systems --- cost analysis --- day ahead --- feature extraction --- deep residual neural network --- multiple sources --- electricity

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This reprint introduces advanced prediction models focused on power load forecasting. Models based on artificial intelligence and more traditional approaches are shown, demonstrating the real possibilities of use to improve prediction in this field. Models of LSTM neural networks, LSTM networks with a SESDA architecture, in even LSTM-CNN are used. On the other hand, multiple seasonal Holt-Winters models with discrete seasonality and the application of the Prophet method to demand forecasting are presented. These models are applied in different circumstances and show highly positive results. This reprint is intended for both researchers related to energy management and those related to forecasting, especially power load.

Research & information: general --- Physics --- Prophet model --- Holt–Winters model --- long-term forecasting --- peak load --- prophet model --- multiple seasonality --- time series --- demand --- load --- forecast --- DIMS --- irregular --- galvanizing --- short-term electrical load forecasting --- machine learning --- deep learning --- statistical analysis --- parameters tuning --- CNN --- LSTM --- short-term load forecast --- Artificial Neural Network --- deep neural network --- recurrent neural network --- attention --- encoder decoder --- online training --- bidirectional long short-term memory --- multi-layer stacked --- neural network --- short-term load forecasting --- power system

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Electric power systems around the world are changing in terms of structure, operation, management and ownership due to technical, financial, and ideological reasons. Power systems keep on expanding in terms of geographical areas, asset additions, and the penetration of new technologies in generation, transmission, and distribution. The conventional methods for solving the power system design, planning, operation, and control problems have been extensively used for different applications, but these methods suffer from several difficulties, thus providing suboptimal solutions. Computationally intelligent methods can offer better solutions for several conditions and are being widely applied in electrical engineering applications. This Special Issue represents a thorough treatment of computational intelligence from an electrical power system engineer’s perspective. Thorough, well-organised, and up-to-date, it examines in detail some of the important aspects of this very exciting and rapidly emerging technology, including machine learning, particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithms, and deep learning systems. Written in a concise and flowing manner by experts in the area of electrical power systems who have experience in the application of computational intelligence for solving many complex and difficult power system problems, this Special Issue is ideal for professional engineers and postgraduate students entering this exciting field.

localization --- reactive power optimization --- model predictive control --- CNN --- long short term memory (LSTM) --- meter allocation --- particle update mode --- combined economic emission/environmental dispatch --- glass insulator --- emission dispatch --- genetic algorithm --- grid observability --- defect detection --- feature extraction --- parameter estimation --- incipient cable failure --- active distribution system --- boiler load constraints --- multivariate time series --- particle swarm optimization --- inertia weight --- VMD --- NOx emissions constraints --- spatial features --- penalty factor approach --- self-shattering --- differential evolution algorithm --- short term load forecasting (STLF) --- genetic algorithm (GA) --- economic load dispatch --- least square support vector machine --- Combustion efficiency --- electricity load forecasting

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In recent years, the global climate has become variable due to intensification of the greenhouse effect, and natural disasters are frequently occurring, which poses challenges to the situation awareness of intelligent distribution networks. Aside from the continuous grid connection of distributed generation, energy storage and new energy generation not only reduces the power supply pressure of distribution network to a certain extent but also brings new consumption pressure and load impact. Situation awareness is a technology based on the overall dynamic insight of environment and covering perception, understanding, and prediction. Such means have been widely used in security, intelligence, justice, intelligent transportation, and other fields and gradually become the research direction of digitization and informatization in the future. We hope this Special Issue represents a useful contribution. We present 10 interesting papers that cover a wide range of topics all focused on problems and solutions related to situation awareness for smart distribution systems. We sincerely hope the papers included in this Special Issue will inspire more researchers to further develop situation awareness for smart distribution systems. We strongly believe that there is a need for more work to be carried out, and we hope this issue provides a useful open-access platform for the dissemination of new ideas.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- community integrated energy system --- energy management --- user dominated demand side response --- conditional value-at-risk --- electric heating --- load forecasting --- thermal comfort --- attention mechanism --- LSTM neural network --- smart distribution network --- situation awareness --- high-quality operation and maintenance --- critical technology --- comprehensive framework --- distributionally robust optimization (DRO) --- integrated energy system (IES) --- joint chance constraints --- linear decision rules (LDRs) --- Wasserstein distance --- load disaggregation --- denoising auto-encoder --- REDD dataset --- TraceBase dataset --- machine learning --- secondary equipment --- CNN --- short text classification --- electric vehicle --- short-term load forecasting --- convolutional neural network --- temporal convolutional network --- climate factors --- correlation analysis --- sustainable wind-PV-hydrogen-storage microgrid --- power-to-hydrogen --- receding horizon optimization --- storage --- photovoltaic (PV) system --- DC series arc fault --- power spectrum estimation --- attentional mechanism --- lightweight convolutional neural network --- capacity configuration --- wind-photovoltaic-thermal power system --- carbon emission --- multi-objective optimization --- inertia security region --- n/a