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Lately, new policies were introduced to limit global warming and to promote carbon neutrality both at the global and European levels. Those policies have conducted to growth in renewable energy sources. The integration of renewable energy sources has led to a modification in the structure of the network. It has also created the need to find new ways to manage the network in order to provide security and to supply the demand.
The first part of the thesis lays the foundations of the present context to better understand the impacts of renewable energy sources on the network and, the solutions envisaged nowadays to better integrate them. Among the different issues occurring on the electrical grid, the over-voltages faced by a Belgian distribution system operator at the low voltage level are specifically outlined. Ways to alleviate those voltage issues with the use of residential battery energy system storages are studied. Self-consumption is particularly the adopted solution.
Firstly, self-consumption simulations are conducted. They aim at determining what is the optimal battery capacity to use for a residential self-consumption application. The results based upon eight real prosumers show that increasing the battery capacity does not lead to significant improvements in reducing the energy exchanges with the grid. Moreover, as the batteries are still expensive and the current Walloon electricity tariff does not promote the deployment of battery energy storage systems, a 4.4 kWh battery capacity combined with a 1.8 kW converter turn out to be the optimal system to conduct self-consumption.
Secondly, the impact of self-consumption in mitigating the over-voltages on the network is assessed by simulating a feeder designed with twenty customers. The control strategies applied use self-consumption and then, associate self-consumption with reactive power. It turns out that self-consumption is not sufficient to efficiently attenuate over-voltages because of the limit on the battery capacity. However, adding the reactive power control seems to be a good approach to help both the distribution system operator to face over-voltages issues and the consumer in achieving a more renewable consumption.
Finally, this paper presents the tests performed on a practical system carrying out self-consumption.

Self-consumption, problèmes basse tension, réseau de distribution, surtensions --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Energie

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Driven by new regulations, new market structures, and new energy resources, the smart grid has been the trigger for profound changes in the way that electricity is generated, distributed, managed, and consumed. The smart grid has raised the traditional power grid by using a two-way electricity and information flow to create an advanced, automated power supply network. However, these pioneering smart grid technologies must grow to adapt to the demands of the current digital society. In today’s digital landscape, we can access feasible data and knowledge that were merely inconceivable. This Special Issue aims to address the landscape in which smart grids are progressing, due to the advent of pervasive technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT). It will be the advanced exploitation of the massive amounts of data generated from (low-cost) IoT sensors that will become the main driver to evolve the concept of the smart grid, currently focused on infrastructure, towards the digital energy network paradigm, focused on service. Furthermore, collective intelligence will improve the processes of decision making and empower citizens. Original manuscripts focusing on state-of-the-art IoT networking and communications, M2M communications, cyberphysical system architectures, big data analytics or cloud computing applied to digital energy platforms, including design methodologies and practical implementation aspects, are welcome.

energy management system --- n/a --- home energy management system --- nanogrids --- electric energy storage --- genetic algorithm --- voltage unbalance --- harmonics --- self-consumption --- prosumer --- power system reliability --- microgrid --- communication --- low-cost solutions --- distributed energy resources --- LoRa technology --- smart inverter --- direct load control --- distributed generation --- power quality --- mixed-integer linear programming --- PV monitoring --- islanded operation --- wireless --- frequency variations --- demand response

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This Special Issue presents the latest state-of-the-art research on solid fuels technology with dedicated, focused research papers. There are a variety of topics to choose from among the seven published re-search works to bring you up to date with the current trends in academia and industry.

History of engineering & technology --- peak shaving --- battery storage --- peak demand pricing --- lithium-ion --- tariff structure --- receiving-end system --- multi-infeed HVDCs --- security assessment --- emergency control strategy --- electromagnetic transient (EMT)-transient stability (TS) hybrid simulation --- impedance determination --- lossy compression algorithms --- singular value decomposition --- wavelet transformation --- voltage control --- deep deterministic policy gradient --- deep reinforcement learning --- model uncertainties --- energy communities --- machine learning --- forecasting --- abnormal data --- wind power --- outliers --- electricity consumption representative profiles --- self-consumption --- peak shaving --- battery storage --- peak demand pricing --- lithium-ion --- tariff structure --- receiving-end system --- multi-infeed HVDCs --- security assessment --- emergency control strategy --- electromagnetic transient (EMT)-transient stability (TS) hybrid simulation --- impedance determination --- lossy compression algorithms --- singular value decomposition --- wavelet transformation --- voltage control --- deep deterministic policy gradient --- deep reinforcement learning --- model uncertainties --- energy communities --- machine learning --- forecasting --- abnormal data --- wind power --- outliers --- electricity consumption representative profiles --- self-consumption

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This Special Issue presents the latest state-of-the-art research on solid fuels technology with dedicated, focused research papers. There are a variety of topics to choose from among the seven published re-search works to bring you up to date with the current trends in academia and industry.

peak shaving --- battery storage --- peak demand pricing --- lithium-ion --- tariff structure --- receiving-end system --- multi-infeed HVDCs --- security assessment --- emergency control strategy --- electromagnetic transient (EMT)-transient stability (TS) hybrid simulation --- impedance determination --- lossy compression algorithms --- singular value decomposition --- wavelet transformation --- voltage control --- deep deterministic policy gradient --- deep reinforcement learning --- model uncertainties --- energy communities --- machine learning --- forecasting --- abnormal data --- wind power --- outliers --- electricity consumption representative profiles --- self-consumption

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Buildings account for more than one-third of the global final energy consumption and CO2 emissions. The building sector offers a significant potential in the transition towards the decarbonisation of societies. To achieve this goal, different concepts and implementations of Net-Zero/Positive Energy Buildings and Districts (NZPEBD) have emerged in the last years and are still in progress. This book is the collection of the articles published in the Special Issue “Net-Zero/Positive Energy Buildings and Districts” of the Buildings journal. This reprint includes 17 research articles covering different aspects of Net-Zero/Positive Energy Buildings and Districts planning, technologies, economics, building design and retrofitting, citizen engagement, and collection of energy data.

Research & information: general --- Physics --- energy storage --- hydrogen --- power-to-gas --- reversible solid oxide cell --- optimization --- mixed integer linear programming --- MILP --- microgrid --- PV --- peer to peer --- self-consumption --- energy community --- local market --- PVT --- water-based PVT --- techno-economic analysis --- digital mapping --- seasonal thermal energy storage --- waste incineration --- district heating --- waste heat --- energy retrofit --- heat pump --- CO2 emissions --- building stock --- PED --- energy flexibility --- socioeconomic analysis --- regions --- regulation --- renewable energy --- urban environment --- climatic zones --- gaussian mixture model --- Expectation-Maximization --- urban building energy modeling --- data acquisition --- building optimisation design --- Saharan --- cool climate --- genetic algorithm --- low energy buildings --- spatial --- temporal --- energy use --- smart city --- net‐ and nearly‐zero‐energy buildings --- positive energy communities and districts --- renewable energy integration --- energy flexibility in buildings and communities --- simulation and optimization methods --- practical experience from demo sites --- buildings --- construction --- efficient homes --- energy efficiency --- GHG emissions --- homes --- net-zero energy (NZE) --- NZE building technology --- positive energy districts --- citizen --- cities --- participation --- citizen engagement --- stakeholder engagement --- urban energy transition --- bi-directional grid --- urban photovoltaic systems --- energy communities --- agent based modelling --- techno-economic modelling --- market design --- distributed renewable energy --- characterization --- review --- text mining --- nearly zero-energy building --- container building --- building design --- energy simulation --- climate study --- plus energy buildings --- plus energy districts --- energy sharing --- energy trading --- clean energy package --- energy storage --- hydrogen --- power-to-gas --- reversible solid oxide cell --- optimization --- mixed integer linear programming --- MILP --- microgrid --- PV --- peer to peer --- self-consumption --- energy community --- local market --- PVT --- water-based PVT --- techno-economic analysis --- digital mapping --- seasonal thermal energy storage --- waste incineration --- district heating --- waste heat --- energy retrofit --- heat pump --- CO2 emissions --- building stock --- PED --- energy flexibility --- socioeconomic analysis --- regions --- regulation --- renewable energy --- urban environment --- climatic zones --- gaussian mixture model --- Expectation-Maximization --- urban building energy modeling --- data acquisition --- building optimisation design --- Saharan --- cool climate --- genetic algorithm --- low energy buildings --- spatial --- temporal --- energy use --- smart city --- net‐ and nearly‐zero‐energy buildings --- positive energy communities and districts --- renewable energy integration --- energy flexibility in buildings and communities --- simulation and optimization methods --- practical experience from demo sites --- buildings --- construction --- efficient homes --- energy efficiency --- GHG emissions --- homes --- net-zero energy (NZE) --- NZE building technology --- positive energy districts --- citizen --- cities --- participation --- citizen engagement --- stakeholder engagement --- urban energy transition --- bi-directional grid --- urban photovoltaic systems --- energy communities --- agent based modelling --- techno-economic modelling --- market design --- distributed renewable energy --- characterization --- review --- text mining --- nearly zero-energy building --- container building --- building design --- energy simulation --- climate study --- plus energy buildings --- plus energy districts --- energy sharing --- energy trading --- clean energy package