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The second century CE has often been described as a kind of dark period with regard to our knowledge of how the earliest Christian writings (the gospels and Paul's letters) were transmitted and gradually came to be accepted as authoritative and then, later on, as "canonical". At the same time a number of other Christian texts, of various genres, saw the light. Some of these seem to be familiar with the gospels, or perhaps rather with gospel traditions identical or similar to those that found their way into the NT gospels. The volume focuses on representative texts and authors of the time in order to see how they have struggled to find a way to work with the NT gospels and/or the traditions behind these, while at the same time giving a place also to other extra-canonical traditions.It studies in a comparative way the reception of identifiably "canonical" and of extra-canonical traditions in the second century. It aims at discovering patterns or strategies of reception within the at first sight often rather chaotic way some of these ancient authors have cited or used these traditions. And it will look for explanations of why it took such a while before authors got used to cite gospel texts (more or less) accurately.

Evangelien Tradition. --- Evangelien. --- Gospel Traditions. --- Gospels. --- Reception. --- Rezeption. --- Second Century. --- Zweites Jahrhundert. --- Bible. --- Bible. --- Criticism, Redaction --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- History --- Gospel Traditions. --- Gospels. --- Reception. --- Second Century.

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"As the sea level rose, every street became a canal. Every skyscraper an island. For the residents of one apartment building in Madison Square, however, New York in the year 2140 is far from a drowned city. There is the market trader, who finds opportunities where others find trouble. There is the detective, whose work will never disappear--along with the lawyer's, of course. There is the internet star, beloved by millions for her airship adventures, and the building's manager, quietly respected for his attention to detail. Then there are two boys who don't live there, but have no other home--and who are more important to its future than anyone might imagine. Lastly there are the coders, temporary residents on the roof, whose disappearance triggers a sequence of events that threatens the existence of all--and even the long-hidden foundations on which the city rests."--

Twenty-second century --- Interpersonal relations --- Apartment dwellers --- Sea level --- New York (N.Y.)

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The Bible shaped nearly every aspect of Jewish life in the ancient world, from activities as obvious as attending synagogue to those which have lost their scriptural resonance in modernity, such as drinking water and uttering one's last words. And within a scriptural universe, no work exerted more force than the Psalter, the most cherished text among all the books of the Hebrew Bible.A Life of Psalms in Jewish Late Antiquity clarifies the world of late ancient Judaism through the versatile and powerful lens of the Psalter. It asks a simple set of questions: Where did late ancient Jews encounter the Psalms? How did they engage with the work? And what meanings did they produce? A. J. Berkovitz answers these queries by reconstructing and contextualizing a diverse set of religious practices performed with and on the Psalter, such as handling a physical copy, reading from it, interpreting it exegetically, singing it as liturgy, invoking it as magic and reciting it as an act of piety. His book draws from and contributes to the fields of ancient Judaism, biblical reception, book history and the history of reading.

Jews --- Judaism --- Antiquities. --- Books and reading --- History --- Customs and practices --- Biblical Reception. --- Liturgy. --- Magic. --- Piety. --- Psalter. --- Reading. --- Second Temple. --- Talmudic. --- authority. --- daily life. --- diaspora. --- exegesis. --- linear reading. --- performance. --- praise. --- psalmody. --- pslams. --- rabbinic thought. --- ritual practice. --- scripture. --- scroll. --- second century. --- seventh century. --- tannaim. --- tannaitic period. --- Bible. --- Reading --- Devotional use --- Criticism, interpretation, etc., Jewish. --- 70-638 --- Antiquities --- Bible

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This book seeks to answer the following question: how did the doctrine of justification fare one hundred years after Paul’s death (c. AD 165)? This book argues that Paul’s view of justification by faith is present in the second century, a thesis that particularly challenges T. F. Torrance’s long-held notion that the Apostolic Fathers abandoned this doctrine (The Doctrine of Grace in the Apostolic Fathers, 1948). In the wake of Torrance’s work there has been a general consensus that the early fathers advocated works righteousness in opposition to Paul’s belief that an individual is justified before God by faith alone, but second-century writings do not support this claim. Each author examined—Clement of Rome, Ignatius of Antioch, Epistle to Diognetus, Odes of Solomon, and Justin Martyr—contends that faith is the only necessary prerequisite for justification, even if they do indicate the importance of virtuous living. This is the first major study on the doctrine of justification in the second century, thus filling a large lacuna in scholarship. With the copious amounts of research being conducted on justification, it is alarming that no work has been done on how the first interpreters of Paul received one of his trademark doctrines. It is assumed, wrongly, that the fathers were either uninterested in the doctrine or that they misunderstood the Apostle. Neither of these is the case. This book is timely in that it enters the fray of the justification debate from a neglected vantage point.

Justification (Christian theology) --- Faith and justification --- Justification --- Justification by faith --- Salvation --- History of doctrines --- Christianity --- Bible. --- Epistles of Paul --- Paul, Epistles of --- Paul Sŏsin --- Pauline epistles --- Risālat al-Qiddīs Būlus al-rasūl al-thāniyah ilá Tīmūthīʼūs --- Theology. --- 234.121 --- 234.121 Rechtvaardiging. Dispositie voor de rechtvaardiging. Geloof alleen volstaat niet --- Rechtvaardiging. Dispositie voor de rechtvaardiging. Geloof alleen volstaat niet --- Justification. --- Paul. --- Second Century.

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The second century CE has often been described as a kind of dark period with regard to our knowledge of how the earliest Christian writings (the gospels and Paul's letters) were transmitted and gradually came to be accepted as authoritative and then, later on, as "canonical". At the same time a number of other Christian texts, of various genres, saw the light. Some of these seem to be familiar with the gospels, or perhaps rather with gospel traditions identical or similar to those that found their way into the NT gospels. The volume focuses on representative texts and authors of the time in order to see how they have struggled to find a way to work with the NT gospels and/or the traditions behind these, while at the same time giving a place also to other extra-canonical traditions.It studies in a comparative way the reception of identifiably "canonical" and of extra-canonical traditions in the second century. It aims at discovering patterns or strategies of reception within the at first sight often rather chaotic way some of these ancient authors have cited or used these traditions. And it will look for explanations of why it took such a while before authors got used to cite gospel texts (more or less) accurately.

Apocryphal Gospels --- Gnostic literature --- 226.1 --- 226.1 Evangelies: synoptici; synoptisch probleem; Q; Quelle --- Evangelies: synoptici; synoptisch probleem; Q; Quelle --- Gnosticism --- Gnostic Gospels --- Gospels (Apocryphal books) --- Non-canonical Gospels --- Apocryphal books (New Testament) --- Relation to the New Testament --- Bible. --- Ba-yon Tipan --- Bagong Tipan --- Jaji ma Hungi --- Kainē Diathēkē --- New Testament --- Nouveau Testament --- Novo Testamento --- Novum Testamentum --- Novyĭ Zavet --- Novyĭ Zavi︠e︡t Gospoda nashego Īisusa Khrista --- Novyĭ Zavit --- Nuevo Testamento --- Nuovo Testamento --- Nye Testamente --- Perjanjian Baru --- Dhamma sacʻ kyamʻʺ --- Injīl --- Evangelie (Book of the New Testament) --- Fukuinsho (Books of the New Testament) --- Gospels (Books of the New Testament) --- Gospels, Synoptic (Books of the New Testament) --- Synoptic Gospels (Books of the New Testament) --- Criticism, Redaction --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- History --- Evangelien Tradition. --- Evangelien. --- Gospel Traditions. --- Gospels. --- Reception. --- Rezeption. --- Second Century. --- Zweites Jahrhundert.