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This book covers topics ranging from a detailed error analysis of SSTs to new applications employed, for example, in the study of the El Niño–La Niña Southern Oscillation, lake temperatures, and coral bleaching. New techniques for interpolation and algorithm development are presented, including improvements for cloud detection. Analysis of the pixel-to-pixel uncertainties provides insight to applications for high spatial resolutions. New approaches for the estimation and evaluation of SSTs are presented. In addition, an overview of the Climate Change Initiative, with specific applications to SST, is presented. The book provides an excellent overview of the current technology, while also highlighting new technologies and their applications to new missions.

Infrared --- Microwave --- Sea Surface Temperature --- Climate Data Records --- Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature

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This Special Issue gathers papers reporting research on various aspects of remote sensing of Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) and the use of satellite SSS in oceanography. It includes contributions presenting improvements in empirical or theoretical radiative transfer models; mitigation techniques of external interference such as RFI and land contamination; comparisons and validation of remote sensing products with in situ observations; retrieval techniques for improved coastal SSS monitoring, high latitude SSS and the assessment of ocean interactions with the cryosphere; and data fusion techniques combining SSS with sea surface temperature (SST). New instrument technology for the future of SSS remote sensing is also presented.

n/a --- satellite salinity --- one-dimensional (1D) aperture synthesis radiometer --- smos --- Gulf of Maine --- retrieval errors --- Aquarius --- combined active/passive SSS retrieval algorithm --- ocean surface roughness --- upwelling --- salt transport --- quality assessment --- sea ice --- SMOS --- microwave radiometry --- Arctic Gateways --- Aquarius satellite --- validation --- sea surface temperature --- water transport --- forward model --- river discharge --- sea surface salinity --- remote sensing --- retrieval algorithm --- Water Cycle Observation Mission (WCOM) --- SMAP --- microwave remote sensing --- alboran sea --- surface velocity --- Arctic Ocean --- sea surface salinity (SSS) --- coastal --- brightness temperature (TB) --- interferometric microwave imager (IMI) --- Scotian Shelf --- MICAP --- different instrument configurations --- bias characteristics --- mediterranean sea --- Gulf of Mexico --- calibration --- retroflections --- Arctic ocean --- salinity --- Sea Surface Salinity --- Arctic rivers --- Argo --- data processing --- aquarius --- ocean salinity --- Aquarius Validation Data System (AVDS)

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Ocean satellite remote sensing plays important roles in the observations of physical, biological and biogeochemical features in inland, coastal, and global ocean waters, with high temporal and spatial resolution. The satellite-measured ocean products are used for near-real-time ocean monitoring and climate data records to understand short-/long-term variabilities in marine environments and ecosystems as well as for decision making tools to manage social, economic, and environmental benefits. Validation/evaluation including a combination of field measurements and inter-satellite comparison is an essential step in providing more accurate satellite-derived ocean products. In this Special Issue, 14 papers have been published and include research on validation/evaluation, retrieval algorithms of ocean geophysical and biogeochemical parameters, and application of the satellite ocean products in the regional and global ocean. Subjects treated include: Sea Surface Temperature; Sea Ice Surface Temperature from VIIRS thermal infrared sensor; Sea Ice Detection from Spectroradiometer; Sea Surface Winds from HY-2A Scatterometer and GNSS—Reflectometry; Wave Height from Sentinel-3A SAR; Retrievals of Sea Surface Salinity, Chlorophyll-a, Particulate Organic Carbon, Particulate Backscattering, Marine Fishery resource, and Submesoscale Eddies from multiple Ocean Colour sensors.

Research & information: general --- sea ice --- ice surface temperature --- Suomi NPP --- JPSS --- remote sensing --- leads --- MODIS --- ocean color --- algorithm --- chlorophyll --- HPLC --- fluorometry --- particulate organic carbon --- southern ocean --- ocean colour --- satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentration --- algorithm evaluation --- Northwest Atlantic --- Northeast Pacific --- Japanese common squid --- Todarodes pacificus --- habitat suitability index (HSI) --- the Yellow Sea --- the South Sea of South Korea --- spaceborne GNSS-R --- DDM --- ocean surface wind speed --- GMF --- CYGNSS --- HY-2A --- scatterometer --- sea surface wind field --- evaluation --- satellite altimetry --- significant wave height --- SAR --- wave buoy observations --- validation --- southwest England --- coastal altimetry --- Sentinel-3A --- SRAL --- particulate optical backscattering --- Raman scattering --- QAA algorithm --- ESA OC-CCI --- steric height --- sea level variability --- interferometric altimeter validation --- high-frequency radar --- MODIS ocean color patterns --- submesoscale eddies --- sea surface salinity estimation --- Changjiang diluted water --- neural network --- GOCI application --- sea surface temperature --- global gridded dataset --- Yellow Sea --- bias correction --- chlorophyll-a --- phytoplankton --- East/Japan Sea

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Ocean satellite remote sensing plays important roles in the observations of physical, biological and biogeochemical features in inland, coastal, and global ocean waters, with high temporal and spatial resolution. The satellite-measured ocean products are used for near-real-time ocean monitoring and climate data records to understand short-/long-term variabilities in marine environments and ecosystems as well as for decision making tools to manage social, economic, and environmental benefits. Validation/evaluation including a combination of field measurements and inter-satellite comparison is an essential step in providing more accurate satellite-derived ocean products. In this Special Issue, 14 papers have been published and include research on validation/evaluation, retrieval algorithms of ocean geophysical and biogeochemical parameters, and application of the satellite ocean products in the regional and global ocean. Subjects treated include: Sea Surface Temperature; Sea Ice Surface Temperature from VIIRS thermal infrared sensor; Sea Ice Detection from Spectroradiometer; Sea Surface Winds from HY-2A Scatterometer and GNSS—Reflectometry; Wave Height from Sentinel-3A SAR; Retrievals of Sea Surface Salinity, Chlorophyll-a, Particulate Organic Carbon, Particulate Backscattering, Marine Fishery resource, and Submesoscale Eddies from multiple Ocean Colour sensors.

sea ice --- ice surface temperature --- Suomi NPP --- JPSS --- remote sensing --- leads --- MODIS --- ocean color --- algorithm --- chlorophyll --- HPLC --- fluorometry --- particulate organic carbon --- southern ocean --- ocean colour --- satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentration --- algorithm evaluation --- Northwest Atlantic --- Northeast Pacific --- Japanese common squid --- Todarodes pacificus --- habitat suitability index (HSI) --- the Yellow Sea --- the South Sea of South Korea --- spaceborne GNSS-R --- DDM --- ocean surface wind speed --- GMF --- CYGNSS --- HY-2A --- scatterometer --- sea surface wind field --- evaluation --- satellite altimetry --- significant wave height --- SAR --- wave buoy observations --- validation --- southwest England --- coastal altimetry --- Sentinel-3A --- SRAL --- particulate optical backscattering --- Raman scattering --- QAA algorithm --- ESA OC-CCI --- steric height --- sea level variability --- interferometric altimeter validation --- high-frequency radar --- MODIS ocean color patterns --- submesoscale eddies --- sea surface salinity estimation --- Changjiang diluted water --- neural network --- GOCI application --- sea surface temperature --- global gridded dataset --- Yellow Sea --- bias correction --- chlorophyll-a --- phytoplankton --- East/Japan Sea

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Monitoring oceans and coastal areas has a fundamental social impact, and this scenario is made still more challenging with the present and future issues related to climate change. In this context, radar systems have gained increasing interest, since they are remote sensing devices capable of providing information about sea waves, currents, tides, bathymetry, and wind. Moreover, radar systems can be designed to perform both large-scale and small-scale monitoring, with different spatial and temporal resolutions, and can be installed on different observation platforms (ship-based, ground-based, airborne, satellite or drones). In this regard, this book aims at engendering a virtual forum for ocean radar researchers, where state-of-the-art methodologies and applications concerning ocean monitoring by means of radar technologies are reviewed and discussed.

History of engineering & technology --- HF radar --- monitoring --- circulation --- Atlantic Jet --- flow reversal --- Gibraltar --- Alboran Sea --- X-band radar --- tidal variation --- modified temporal waterline method --- shoreline position --- intertidal foreshore slope --- wave run-up correction --- current velocity measurement --- high-frequency (HF) radar oceanography --- remote sensing --- quality control --- coastal surface currents --- soft computing --- radar --- sensitivity experiments --- numerical model --- artificial neural network --- inversion --- radar cross-section --- monostatic radar --- ocean wave directional spectrum --- TensorFlow --- wave directional spectra --- spatial wave fields --- ADCP --- wave buoy --- significant wave height --- marine radar --- sea state monitoring --- scum --- hypertrophic ecosystem --- Sentinel-1 --- Sentinel-2 --- Sentinel-3 --- cloudiness --- high-frequency ocean radar --- interference mitigation --- frequency band adaptation --- high frequency radar --- sea surface temperature --- surface currents --- south-west Australia --- synthetic aperture radar --- Doppler anomaly --- sea surface currents --- Gulf of Naples --- augmented observatory --- wave field --- radar Doppler altimeter --- orbital velocities --- waveforms --- swell --- radar altimeter --- sea surface current