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Les revenus des produits de la pêche ont augmenté ces dernières années au Vietnam. Le thon étant le produit de la mer à plus forte valeur ajoutée pour l'exportation, son activité procure un revenu à de plus en plus de Vietnamiens (653 millions de dollars en 2018). La compréhension d'une chaîne de valeur permet de l'améliorer et de supprimer les goulets d'étranglement. Pourtant, la littérature existante sur la chaîne de valeur du thon au Vietnam ne prend pas en compte le genre, indispensable au progrès. La réalisation d'une analyse de genre permettra de dresser un tableau du rôle des femmes et de mettre en évidence les disparités entre les genres, bon allié pour parvenir à l'égalité. Pour établir quels sont les rôles des femmes, une étude des différences entre les genres est nécessaire. Pour ce faire, des entretiens ont été menés dans les ports de pêche de Tam Quan et Quy Nhon, dans la province de Binh Dinh, auprès de négociants en thon et d'intermédiaires. La méthodologie d'analyse de genre de l'USAID pour les chaînes de valeur a été utilisée pour concevoir les questionnaires et servir de cadre à cette étude. Elle tient compte de six dimensions : (i) Accès aux actifs, (ii) Pratiques et participation, (iii) Connaissances, croyances et perceptions, (iv) Droits et statut juridique, (v) Pouvoir et prise de décision, (vi) Temps et espace. Les trois types de rôles considérés par le cadre d'analyse de genre de Moser sont étudiés : productif, reproductif et gestion communautaire. Les principales disparités observées, dont découlent toutes les autres, concernent la profession et les espèces de thon commercialisées. Les hommes ont accès à un meilleur marché, mais cela ne signifie pas que les femmes sont privées de capital : elles traitent de plus grandes quantités de poisson et sont propriétaires de plus de bateaux de pêche. Les femmes sont plus susceptibles de prester davantage d’heures de travail et d’avoir peu de temps libre puisqu'elles doivent assurer les deux rôles : productif et reproductif. Ici, les femmes n'ont pas un triple rôle ; elles sont responsables du foyer et de la plupart des tâches administratives de l'entreprise. Elles sont perçues comme étant plus aptes à négocier car elles font preuve de patience et de diligence. Contrairement à ce que l'on pourrait penser, le rôle de gestion communautaire revient aux hommes. Revenues of fishery products have been increasing these past few years in Vietnam. Tuna being the sea-commodity with the highest added-value for exportation, its business provides an income to more and more Vietnamese (USD 653 million in 2018). Understanding a value chain enables its improvement and the suppression of bottle-necks. Yet, the existing literature on the value chain of tuna in Vietnam does not take gender, essential to progress, into account. Conducting a gender analysis will help build a picture of the role of women and highlight gender disparities, hence a good ally to reach equality. To establish what are the roles of women, a study of the gender disparities is required. To do so, interviews were conducted in Tam Quan and Quy Nhon fishing ports in Binh Dinh province, among tuna traders and middle-persons. USAID’s gender analysis methodology for value chains was used to design the questionnaires and serve as the framework for this study. It accounts for six dimensions : (i) Access to assets, (ii) Practices and participation, (iii) Knowledge, beliefs and perceptions, (iv) Legal rights and status, (v) Power and decision-making, (vi) Time and space. The three types of roles considered by Moser’s Gender Analysis Framework are studied : productive, reproductive and community management. The main disparities observed, from which all the others arise, pertain to the profession and the species of tuna traded. Men have access to a better market but this does not mean that women are denied capital : they deal with bigger quantities of fish and are owners of more fishing boats. Women are more likely to have long working hours and little free time since they have to ensure the two roles : productive and reproductive. Here, women do not have a triple role; they are in charge of the household and most of the administrative tasks of the business. They are perceived as better at negotiating since they show patience and diligence. Contrary to what one might think, the role of community managing falls to men.
thon --- chaine de valeur --- analyse de genre --- Vietnam --- rôle des femmes --- disparités de genre --- tuna --- value chain --- gender analysis --- Vietnam --- roles of women --- gender disparities --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Economie internationale --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Economie sociale --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Domaines particuliers de l'économie (santé, travail, transport...) --- Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie > Travail social & politique sociale
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"Books geographically focused on the midwestern and eastern states dominate the study of Mennonites in America. The intriguing history of Mennonites in the American West remains untold. In From Digging Gold to Saving Souls, Brian Froese introduces readers for the first time to the California Mennonite experience. Although a few Mennonites did dig for gold in the 1850s, the real story of Mennonites in California begins in the 1890s with westward migrations for fertile soil and healthy sunshine. By the mid-twentieth century, the Mennonite story in California had developed into an interesting tale of religious conservatives--traditional agrarians--finding their way in an increasingly urban and religiously pluralistic California. Some California Mennonites negotiated new identities by endorsing conservative evangelicalism; some found them in reclamations of sixteenth-century Anabaptists. Still other Mennonites found meaningful religious experience by engaging in social action and justice even when these actions appeared in "secular" forms. These emerging identities--Evangelical, Anabaptist, and secular--covered a broad spectrum, yet represented a selective retaining and discarding of Mennonite religious practices and expressions. From Digging Gold to Saving Souls touches on such topics as migration, pluralism, race, gender, pacifism, institutional construction, education, and labor conflict, all of which defined the experience of Mennonites of California. Brian Froese shows how this experience was a rich, complex, and deliberate move into modern society. In From Digging Gold to Saving Souls, he introduces readers to a dynamic people who did not simply become modern, but who chose to modernize on their own terms"--
Mennonites --- History. --- California --- Church history. --- Provincia de Californias --- Ḳalifornyah --- Alta California (Province) --- Upper California --- Chia-chou --- Departamento de Californias --- Калифорнии --- Kalifornii --- State of California --- كاليفورنيا --- Kālīfūrniyā --- Штат Каліфорнія --- Shtat Kalifornii︠a︡ --- Каліфорнія --- Kalifornii︠a︡ --- Калифорния --- Καλιφόρνια --- Kaliphornia --- Πολιτεία της Καλιφόρνιας --- Politeia tēs Kaliphornias --- 캘리포니아 주 --- 캘리포니아주 --- Kʻaellipʻonia-ju --- Kʻaellipʻoniaju --- 캘리포니아 --- Kʻaellipʻonia --- קליפורניה --- מדינת קליפורניה --- Medinat Ḳalifornyah --- Калифорнија --- Kalifornija --- Karapōnia --- カリフォルニア州 --- Kariforunia-shū --- カリフォルニア --- Kariforunia --- קאליפארניע --- Ḳalifornye --- CA --- Calif. --- Cal. --- Cali. --- CF --- Anabaptists --- Baptists --- Christian sects --- HISTORY / Social History. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Sociology / General. --- RELIGION / Christianity / Mennonite. --- Californias (Province) --- the Mennonite migration --- urban dystopia and divine nature --- the early Mennonite colonies --- California Mennonite identity --- racial and religious pluralism --- sewing circles --- missionary societies --- public roles of women in the Church --- California Mennonites during World War II --- socially active Mennonitism and mental health --- Kings View Homes --- feeding the hungry --- piety and professionalization --- Evangelical education in California --- Mennonite growers --- the United Farm Workers --- the farm labor problem --- the transformation of California Mennonite identity
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