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La cause est entendue. Nos sociétés modernes créent des risques nouveaux : amiante, sang contaminé, vache folle… Dans ce livre d'une remarquable clarté, la juriste Christine Noiville nous rappelle que ces risques " manufacturés " sont le plus souvent " soustraits au champ de la décision individuelle ". Se pose alors à notre démocratie et à l'action publique la question de leur acceptabilité. Jusqu'à une période récente, on considérait qu'un risque était acceptable dès lors qu'il était indemnisable. Cette conception est dépassée. L'auteure s'emploie à identifier ce que pourrait être un mode de " gouvernement des risques " dont le désormais fameux principe de précaution ne préfigure que l'ébauche. Dans ce domaine, la science ne peut pas occuper une situation de monopole. Le premier enjeu consiste donc à faire entrer le citoyen dans le jeu. " Un risque n'est pas en soi acceptable, il le devient par le prisme du débat, qui lui donne sa légitimité. " Mais on ne peut en rester là. " On sait bien quelles sont les vertus du débat en tant que procédure, avec sa garantie de transparence de points de vue, d'expression des conflits. Mais on sait aussi que pour qu'il soit de qualité, il faut en structurer le contenu. " D'où la nécessité, et c'est le deuxième enjeu, de fixer des critères de procédure (évaluation, information, contrôle juridictionnel des décisions…) et de fond (nature du risque, répartition de la charge du risque…). Bref, comme le dit l'auteure elle-même, une question politique.

Environmental risk assessment --- Liability for environmental damages --- Government liability --- Law and legislation --- veiligheid --- risicomanagement (risico-evaluatie, risicobeheer) --- voorzorgsbeginsel (voorzorgsprincipe) --- beleid (politieke aspecten) --- maatschappelijke evolutie (sociale verandering) --- recht (wetgeving, rechtspraak, rechtsbeginselen, juridische aspecten, aansprakelijkheid) --- sécurité (principe de sécurité) --- évaluation du risque (gestion du risque) --- précaution (principe de précaution) --- politique (aspects politiques) --- évolution sociale (changement social) --- droit (aspects juridiques, législation, jurisprudence, principes de droit, responsabilité) --- Environmental damages, Liability for --- Environmental law --- Liability (Law) --- Torts --- Risk assessment --- Precautionary principle --- Droit international. --- Principe de précaution. --- Gestion du risque. --- Environmental risk assessment - Law and legislation - France --- Liability for environmental damages - France --- Government liability - France

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Genetic engineering --- Marine resources conservation --- Génie génétique --- Conservation des ressources marines --- Law and legislation. --- Droit --- Biotechnology industries --- Biodiversity conservation --- Patents. --- genetisch gemodificeerd organisme (GGO) --- veiligheid --- risicomanagement (risico-evaluatie, risicobeheer) --- voorzorgsbeginsel (voorzorgsprincipe) --- genetisch patent --- biotechnologie --- patent (octrooi, patentrecht, octrooirecht, biopatent) --- organisme génétiquement modifié (OGM) --- sécurité (principe de sécurité) --- évaluation du risque (gestion du risque) --- précaution (principe de précaution) --- brevet génétique --- brevet (brevetabilité, brevetabilité biologique, droit de brevet, droit des brevets, brevetabilité du vivant) --- Génie génétique --- Marine resources --- Marine resources conservation (International law) --- Law of the sea --- Designed genetic change --- Engineering, Genetic --- Gene splicing --- Genetic intervention --- Genetic surgery --- Genetic recombination --- Biotechnology --- Transgenic organisms --- Medical laws and legislation --- Environmental law --- Law and legislation --- Patents --- Animaux marins --- Plantes marines --- Organismes transgéniques --- Ressources génétiques --- Droit. --- Évaluation du risque --- Brevets d'invention. --- Biotechnology industries - Law and legislation. --- Genetic engineering - Law and legislation. --- Marine resources conservation - Law and legislation. --- Genetic engineering - Patents. --- Biodiversity conservation - Law and legislation.

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The time has come for an MTBE Remediation Handbook. There are hundreds of thousands of spills of gasoline containing MTBE in the United States. More than a billion dollars are spent each year to clean up spills of gasoline and manage the risk from existing contamination. Staff of the appropriate regula­ tory authorities within each state must make decisions to manage these spills on a site-by-site basis. Do they require active cleanup? How much cleanup is necessary? What is the most appropriate technology? What performance should be expected from the available technology? If the state regulators pro­ vide good answers to these questions on a site-by-site basis, the money will be well spent. This handbook is concerned with remediation of MTBE in existing spills. There are a number of myths about MTBE that act as impediments to effec­ tive remediation and risk management for MTBE. These myths present MTBE as being qualitatively different from petroleum hydrocarbons. Many still think that benzene is biodegradable in ground water while MTBE is not, that risk management is appropriate for benzene and not appropriate for MTBE, and that drinking water can be treated to remove benzene but not to remove MTBE. These myths have made us reluctant to deal with existing MTBE contamination. As is documented in this MTBE Remediation Handbook, we have the technology to clean up MTBE in a rational and economic man­ ner.

Butyl methyl ether --- Gasoline --- Groundwater --- Environmental aspects. --- Additives --- Purification. --- mtbe (methyl tertiary-butyl ether) --- grondwatervervuiling --- grondwaterzuiveringsinstallatie --- oppervlaktewater --- risico-evaluatie --- bioremediatie --- in situ techniek --- bodemsanering --- fytoremediëring --- fysische waterbehandeling --- bioreactor --- (zie ook: reiniging grond) --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Environmental Engineering --- Environmental aspects --- Purification --- Gas (Gasoline) --- Petrol --- Liquid fuels --- Petroleum products --- Butane, Methoxy --- Methoxy butane --- Methyl-tert-butyl ether --- Methyl tertiary butyl ether --- MTBE (Chemical) --- MTBT (Chemical) --- Ether --- Additives&delete& --- Air pollution. --- Environmental engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Ecotoxicology. --- Geochemistry. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Earth sciences --- Ecotoxicology --- Pollutants --- Pollution --- Environmental health --- Toxicology --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Engineering --- Environmental protection --- Sustainable engineering --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Control