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This book leads the reader into a professional feasibility analysis for a renewable energy or energy efficiency project. The analysis begins with an understanding of the basic engineering description of technology in terms of capacity, efficiency, constraints, and dependability. It continues in modeling the cash flow of a project, which is affected by the installed cost, the revenues or expenses avoided by using the technology, the operating expenses of the technology, available tax credits and rebates, and laws regarding depreciation and income tax. The feasibility study is completed by discounted cash flow analysis, using an appropriate discount rate and a proper accounting for inflation, to evaluate the financial viability of the project. The elements of this analysis are illustrated using numerous examples of solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, biogas digestion, energy storage, biofuels, and energy-efficient appliances and buildings.

Sustainable development --- Feasibility studies. --- Management. --- biofuels --- biogas digestion --- energy efficiency --- energy storage --- feasibility analysis --- feasibility study --- hydroelectric power --- renewable energy --- renewable power systems --- solar photovoltaics --- solar thermal electric power --- sustainable technologies --- wind power

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Energy systems are transiting from conventional energy systems to modernized and smart energy systems. This Special Issue covers new advances in the emerging technologies for modern energy systems from both technical and management perspectives. In modern energy systems, an integrated and systematic view of different energy systems, from local energy systems and islands to national and multi-national energy hubs, is important. From the customer perspective, a modern energy system is required to have more intelligent appliances and smart customer services. In addition, customers require the provision of more useful information and control options. Another challenge for the energy systems of the future is the increased penetration of renewable energy sources. Hence, new operation and planning tools are required for hosting renewable energy sources as much as possible.

hybrid systems --- photovoltaic --- wind energy --- energy economics --- RES investments --- Zimbabwe --- Africa and energy security --- electricity price forecasting (EPF) --- wind power forecasting (WPF) --- spot market --- balancing market --- ARMAX --- NARX-ANN --- 100% renewable power system --- secondary voltage control --- tertiary voltage control --- grid code --- wind farms --- photovoltaic parks --- energy transition --- renewable energy sources --- island power systems --- hybrid power plants --- wind turbines --- battery energy storage systems --- marine microgrid --- tidal generation system --- black widow optimization --- supplementary control --- fractional integrator --- non-linear fractional integrator --- 100% renewable power generation --- nexus --- food --- energy --- water --- greenhouse gas emission --- microgrid --- ancillary services --- energy storage --- power management --- solar hot waters --- thermosyphon --- thermal performance --- Morocco --- economic outcomes --- CO2 environmental assessment --- solar system --- domestic hot water production --- solar water heaters --- individual and collective solar water heater systems --- dynamic simulation --- TRNbuild --- TRNSYSstudio --- energy management --- residential and commercial loads --- short-term load forecasting --- deep learning --- bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) --- n/a

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Energy systems are transiting from conventional energy systems to modernized and smart energy systems. This Special Issue covers new advances in the emerging technologies for modern energy systems from both technical and management perspectives. In modern energy systems, an integrated and systematic view of different energy systems, from local energy systems and islands to national and multi-national energy hubs, is important. From the customer perspective, a modern energy system is required to have more intelligent appliances and smart customer services. In addition, customers require the provision of more useful information and control options. Another challenge for the energy systems of the future is the increased penetration of renewable energy sources. Hence, new operation and planning tools are required for hosting renewable energy sources as much as possible.

Technology: general issues --- hybrid systems --- photovoltaic --- wind energy --- energy economics --- RES investments --- Zimbabwe --- Africa and energy security --- electricity price forecasting (EPF) --- wind power forecasting (WPF) --- spot market --- balancing market --- ARMAX --- NARX-ANN --- 100% renewable power system --- secondary voltage control --- tertiary voltage control --- grid code --- wind farms --- photovoltaic parks --- energy transition --- renewable energy sources --- island power systems --- hybrid power plants --- wind turbines --- battery energy storage systems --- marine microgrid --- tidal generation system --- black widow optimization --- supplementary control --- fractional integrator --- non-linear fractional integrator --- 100% renewable power generation --- nexus --- food --- energy --- water --- greenhouse gas emission --- microgrid --- ancillary services --- energy storage --- power management --- solar hot waters --- thermosyphon --- thermal performance --- Morocco --- economic outcomes --- CO2 environmental assessment --- solar system --- domestic hot water production --- solar water heaters --- individual and collective solar water heater systems --- dynamic simulation --- TRNbuild --- TRNSYSstudio --- energy management --- residential and commercial loads --- short-term load forecasting --- deep learning --- bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) --- hybrid systems --- photovoltaic --- wind energy --- energy economics --- RES investments --- Zimbabwe --- Africa and energy security --- electricity price forecasting (EPF) --- wind power forecasting (WPF) --- spot market --- balancing market --- ARMAX --- NARX-ANN --- 100% renewable power system --- secondary voltage control --- tertiary voltage control --- grid code --- wind farms --- photovoltaic parks --- energy transition --- renewable energy sources --- island power systems --- hybrid power plants --- wind turbines --- battery energy storage systems --- marine microgrid --- tidal generation system --- black widow optimization --- supplementary control --- fractional integrator --- non-linear fractional integrator --- 100% renewable power generation --- nexus --- food --- energy --- water --- greenhouse gas emission --- microgrid --- ancillary services --- energy storage --- power management --- solar hot waters --- thermosyphon --- thermal performance --- Morocco --- economic outcomes --- CO2 environmental assessment --- solar system --- domestic hot water production --- solar water heaters --- individual and collective solar water heater systems --- dynamic simulation --- TRNbuild --- TRNSYSstudio --- energy management --- residential and commercial loads --- short-term load forecasting --- deep learning --- bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM)

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Challenging problems arise in all segments of energy industries—generation, transmission, distribution and consumption. Optimization models and methods play a key role in offering decision/policy makers better information to assist them in making sounder decisions at different levels, ranging from operational to strategic planning.

mixed integer linear programming --- fuzzy set theory --- stochastic programming --- mixed integer linear programing --- variable renewable power --- generation efficiency --- optimization --- flexibility option --- portfolio analysis --- firefighting --- semi-mean-absolute deviation model --- component outage --- energy network --- predicted mean vote (PMV) --- generation expansion planning --- building microgrid --- demand side management --- stochastic robust optimization --- oil storage plants --- long-term forecasting --- multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) --- life cycle cost --- graph theory --- scenario-based multistage stochastic programming --- optimal power generation mix --- heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) --- intermittent sources --- electric-power structure adjustment --- technique for the order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) --- integrated energy system --- Markov chain Monte Carlo --- nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) --- domino effect --- energy system management model --- electrical distribution systems --- microgrid operation --- influence diagram --- net demand --- wind power forecasting --- energy conservation and emissions reduction --- feasible operation region --- meshed topology --- occupancy-based control --- islanded microgrids --- combined heat and power --- multi-objective optimization --- re-optimization and rescheduling

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Dynamic stability basically deals with the interactions between the system's components. Following a disturbance, the system's variables undergo transitions that can induce oscillations in active and reactive power generation, resulting in the occurrence of voltage oscillatory modes and frequency deviation in the system. Depending on the entity of the disturbance, the small- or large-signal stability of the system under consideration can be investigated. The introduction of RES-based generation that does not participate in the network services (i.e., frequency and voltage regulation) due to lack of special controls will undoubtedly affect both the overall frequency and voltage stability. Large-scale transient stability is also a concern not to be overlooked: inverter-based wind and solar generation have different angle/speed swing behaviors with respect to traditional generation due to reduced inertia, different voltage swing behaviors due to different voltage control systems, different power flow patterns, and different displacements of synchronous generation at key locations. Therefore, although power system stability and dynamics have played a very central role in the management and study of electrical power systems thus far, it is also true that the emerging scenario requires new methodologies, technologies, and analyses. In this light, the current Special Issue aims to collect contributions (i.e., research papers and review articles) on power system dynamics and stability from experts in academia and industry.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- power system stability --- inertia estimation --- PMU --- microgrids --- frequency control --- grid-forming --- 100% converter-interfaced generation --- virtual synchronous machine --- forced oscillation --- inverter-based resources (IBRs) --- grid vulnerability analysis --- active power modulation --- virtual inertia --- fast frequency measurement --- fast frequency regulation --- distributed energy resources --- ancillary services --- power hardware-in-the-loop --- legacy resources --- large perturbation angle stability --- small perturbation angle stability --- voltage stability --- synthetic inertia --- demand response --- reactive compensation --- power system restoration --- primary frequency control --- frequency nadir estimation --- low inertia systems --- real-time dynamic simulation --- national power grid --- cyber physical system (CPS) --- co-simulation --- battery energy storage system (BESS) --- energy management system (EMS) --- load modelling --- line modelling --- power system analysis --- transient stability --- small-signal stability --- inverter-based resources --- modular multilevel converters --- primary frequency regulation --- battery energy storage system --- Ornstein–Uhlenbeck stochastic process --- compound poisson stochastic process --- frequency stability --- rotor angle stability --- power system inertia --- converter-interfaced generation --- renewable power generators