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Catalysts are made of nanoparticles of metals, metal oxides, and other compounds that may act as active phases, support the latter, or a combination of both. The initial incentive to reduce as much as possible, up to the nano-scale, the size of the particles of active catalyst components is to maximize the surface area exposed to reactants, thus minimizing the specific cost per function and increasing the rate of conversion of feedstocks to products in relatively simple reactions. Nowadays, the interest in nanocatalyst developments has shifted to an emphasis on improving the selectivity of catalysts, allowing one to obtain desirable reactions in more complex synthetic processes. Thus, new generations of nanocatalysts should be designed at the molecular level to display well-defined structural characteristics, in terms of size, shapes, hierarchical porosity, and morphologies, as well as with controlled chemical composition. The development of efficient nanocatalysts supposes the characterization of their various surface active sites at the nanometer scale, which is focused on establishing synthesis–structure–performance relationships.

plasmonic photocatalyst --- metal nanoparticle --- N–TiO2 --- nanocomposites --- photocatalytic selective oxidation --- heterogeneous catalysis --- transition metal nitrides --- hydrogen production --- formic acid decomposition --- nickel catalyst --- calcium oxide promoter --- silica support --- Iron-based perovskites --- copper --- NO oxidation to NO2 --- NO2-assisted diesel soot oxidation --- soot oxidation under GDI exhaust conditions --- aqueous-phase reforming --- nickel --- ceria --- zirconia --- calcium --- yttrium --- methanol --- graphite --- reduced graphene oxide --- nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide --- exfoliation --- oxygen reduction reaction --- electrocatalysis --- UiO-66 --- iron --- cobalt --- nanocatalyst --- CO oxidation --- COProx --- methane --- oxidation catalysis --- formaldehyde --- magnetite iron oxide --- Fe3O4 --- palladium --- Pd --- silver --- Ag --- low-temperature activity --- nanocomposite --- Raman --- TG in air --- TG in hydrogen --- XRD --- electron microscopy --- EDS --- coordination polymers --- methane storage --- XRD crystallinity measurements --- mechanical shaping --- compaction --- VAM --- gas separation --- MOF pelletization --- catalysts --- dimerization --- isobutene --- olefins --- n/a

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This Special Issue collects papers devoted to organic coatings based on polymers, graphene, and their combinations. These systems have great potentialities in the development of advanced materials for functional applications. In particular, graphene-based coatings on polymer substrates have interesting electrical characteristics, which are very sensible to the temperature and, therefore, they are very adequate for developing sensing materials and other types of functional materials.

Research & information: general --- Physics --- Si-containing diamond-like carbon film --- near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure --- dependence on the elemental composition --- graphene oxide --- green chemical reduction --- ascorbic acid --- reduced graphene oxide --- graphite nanoplatelet coatings --- low-density polyethylene --- differential scanning calorimetry --- dynamical-mechanical-thermal analyses --- thermoresistive properties --- optical-grade epoxy --- inorganic scintillator --- alkali metal halides --- adhesion --- interface --- Coulomb forces --- optical properties --- clinoptilolite --- impedimetric sensor --- surface conductivity --- apnea syndrome monitoring --- voltage drop --- microwave --- plasma-enhanced --- CVD --- nitrogen-doped --- graphene --- catalyst-less --- transfer-less --- synthesis --- n/a --- graphite platelet coatings --- thermal expansion coefficient --- phase transitions

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Advanced materials for energy and environmental applications (such as rapid heating, anti-fouling/anti-virus surface, chemical sensor, textile/stretchable sensor, fuel cell, and lithium-ion batteries) have been extensively investigated in the academic and industrial fields. The advent of cabon-based nano-materials (carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon black) and inonganic nano-materials (Ag wire/particles, Cu mesh, and transition metal dichalcogenide) has accelerated research interest in energy and environmental applications. This book is focused on the emerging concept and improvement of energy and environmental basic research, as well as in the characterization and analysis of novel energy and environmental base materials. The contents of the book are as below: - Theoretical and experimental studies on advanced conducting nanocomposites; - Electrical properties of nanocomposites under various conditions (dynamic mode, aspect ratio, alignment, and contents) and its applications; - Advanced material for energy applications; - Analysis and materials for environmental applications.

History of engineering & technology --- carbon nanotubes --- circumferential shearing --- alignment --- electrical conductivity --- carbon nanotube --- composite --- three-roll milling --- CNT dispersion --- filler length variation --- maize straw --- corn stover --- methane production --- biogas --- substrate --- direct methanol fuel cells --- sputter --- sandpaper --- roughness --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy --- polarization --- lithium corrosion --- calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy --- quantitative analysis --- depth profile analysis --- residual CaSO4 --- solid wastes --- high belite sulfoaluminate cement --- petroleum coke desulfurization slag --- CaSO4 type --- CaSO4 content --- cement properties --- biofouling --- iron bacteria --- nickel-phosphorus-reduced graphene oxide (Ni-P-rGO) --- induction period --- fouling resistance --- nano-composites --- Monte Carlo simulation --- percolation networks --- aspect ratio --- polymer composite --- strain sensor --- hysteresis --- aligned MWCNT --- piezo-resistive characteristics

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The conversion and storage of renewable energy sources is key to the transition from a fossil-fuel-based economy to a low-carbon society. Many new game-changing materials have already impacted our lives and contributed to a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, such as high-efficiency photovoltaic cells, blue light-emitting diodes, and cathodes for Li-ion batteries. However, new breakthroughs in materials science and technology are required to boost the clean energy transition. All success stories in materials science are built upon a tailored control of the interconnected processes that take place at the nanoscale, such as charge excitation, charge transport and recombination, ionic diffusion, intercalation, and the interfacial transfer of matter and charge. Nanostructured materials, thanks to their ultra-small building blocks and the high interface-to-volume ratio, offer a rich toolbox to scientists that aspire to improve the energy conversion efficiency or the power and energy density of a material. Furthermore, new phenomena arise in nanoparticles, such as surface plasmon resonance, superparamegntism, and exciton confinement. The ten articles published in this Special Issue showcase the different applications of nanomaterials in the field of energy storage and conversion, including electrodes for Li-ion batteries and beyond, photovoltaic materials, pyroelectric energy harvesting, and (photo)catalytic processes.

nanoparticle --- nanoalloy --- catalyst --- CO2 reduction --- hydrocarbon --- synthetic fuel --- iron --- cobalt --- perovskite solar cell --- hole transport layer --- CuCrO2 nanoparticles --- thermal stability --- light stability --- aluminum ion batteries --- reduced graphene oxide --- tin dioxide --- 3D electrode materials --- mechanical properties --- TiO2 --- azo dye --- wastewater treatment --- photocatalysis --- sodium formate --- dry etching --- black silicon --- photovoltaics --- plasmonics --- heterogeneous catalysis --- nanoparticles --- single molecule localization --- super-resolution microscopy --- surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy --- Li-ion batteries --- anodes --- intermetallics --- silicon --- composites --- nanomaterials --- coating --- mechanochemistry --- zinc sulfide --- wurtzite --- co-precipitation synthesis --- solvent recycling --- green synthesis --- scaling up --- pilot plant --- chalcopyrite compounds --- nanocrystals --- hydrothermal --- spin coating --- EIS --- conductivity --- lithium-ion batteries --- SnO2 --- nanoarray --- anode --- high-rate --- n/a

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Graphene is a two-dimensional, one-atom-thick material made entirely of carbon atoms, arranged in a honeycomb lattice. Because of its distinctive mechanical (e.g., high strength and flexibility) and electronic (great electrical and thermal conductivities) properties, graphene is an ideal candidate in myriad applications. Thus, it has just begun to be engineered in electronics, photonics, biomedicine, and polymer-based composites, to name a few. The broad family of graphene nanomaterials (including graphene nanoplatelets, graphene oxide, graphene quantum dots, and many more) go beyond and aim higher than mere single-layer (‘pristine’) graphene, and thus, their potential has sparked the current Special Issue. In it, 18 contributions (comprising 14 research articles and 4 reviews) have portrayed probably the most interesting lines as regards future and tangible uses of graphene derivatives. Ultimately, understanding the properties of the graphene family of nanomaterials is crucial for developing advanced applications to solve important challenges in critical areas such as energy and health.

Research & information: general --- Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning --- graphene oxide --- electrochemical synthesis --- oxidation level --- exfoliation degree --- morphology --- interlayer spacing --- surface defects --- electrical resistance --- graphene --- mass production --- shear exfoliation --- physical exfoliation --- superlattice --- 2d materials --- electrocatalytic --- modified graphene nanoplates --- graphene additives --- antifriction --- engine lubricant oil additives --- antiwear --- carbon nanofibers --- reduced graphene oxide nanofibers --- hydrothermal reduction --- capacitance --- amine --- cryogel --- CO2 capture --- sol-gel --- silico-phosphate composite films --- optical limiting functionality --- ultrashort laser pulses --- carbon nanotubes --- hot-filament CVD --- field electron emission --- laser machining --- nanotechnology --- graphene-derived materials --- mud cake --- rheology --- effect of nanocomposites --- fluid loss --- water-based drilling fluids --- cement composite --- characterization --- rheological --- application --- energy harvesting --- α-lipoic acid --- UV-VIS spectroscopy --- SERS spectroscopy --- thermal properties --- electrical properties --- strain sensing --- joule heating --- reduced graphene oxide --- tissue regeneration --- 2D-scaffolds --- hydrogels --- fibers --- stem cell differentiation --- cadmium sulphide --- PVK --- hybrid light-emitting device --- electroluminescence --- nanocrystals --- graphite --- few-layer graphene --- Raman --- TEM --- UV-vis --- Lorentzian fitting --- nanocellulose --- conductive inks --- liquid-phase processing --- film fabrication --- sustainability --- metal-free electrodes --- graphyne-like materials --- synthesis and doping --- electronic and magnetic properties --- electronic transport --- photodetectors --- reduce graphene oxide --- dyes --- heavy metals --- pollutant removal --- graphene oxide --- electrochemical synthesis --- oxidation level --- exfoliation degree --- morphology --- interlayer spacing --- surface defects --- electrical resistance --- graphene --- mass production --- shear exfoliation --- physical exfoliation --- superlattice --- 2d materials --- electrocatalytic --- modified graphene nanoplates --- graphene additives --- antifriction --- engine lubricant oil additives --- antiwear --- carbon nanofibers --- reduced graphene oxide nanofibers --- hydrothermal reduction --- capacitance --- amine --- cryogel --- CO2 capture --- sol-gel --- silico-phosphate composite films --- optical limiting functionality --- ultrashort laser pulses --- carbon nanotubes --- hot-filament CVD --- field electron emission --- laser machining --- nanotechnology --- graphene-derived materials --- mud cake --- rheology --- effect of nanocomposites --- fluid loss --- water-based drilling fluids --- cement composite --- characterization --- rheological --- application --- energy harvesting --- α-lipoic acid --- UV-VIS spectroscopy --- SERS spectroscopy --- thermal properties --- electrical properties --- strain sensing --- joule heating --- reduced graphene oxide --- tissue regeneration --- 2D-scaffolds --- hydrogels --- fibers --- stem cell differentiation --- cadmium sulphide --- PVK --- hybrid light-emitting device --- electroluminescence --- nanocrystals --- graphite --- few-layer graphene --- Raman --- TEM --- UV-vis --- Lorentzian fitting --- nanocellulose --- conductive inks --- liquid-phase processing --- film fabrication --- sustainability --- metal-free electrodes --- graphyne-like materials --- synthesis and doping --- electronic and magnetic properties --- electronic transport --- photodetectors --- reduce graphene oxide --- dyes --- heavy metals --- pollutant removal