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This book presents diverse contributions related to some of the latest advances in the field of personalization and recommender systems, as well as social media and sentiment analysis. The work comprises several articles that address different problems in these areas by means of recent techniques such as deep learning, methods to analyze the structure and the dynamics of social networks, and modern language processing approaches for sentiment analysis, among others. The proposals included in the book are representative of some highly topical research directions and cover different application domains where they have been validated. These go from the recommendation of hotels, movies, music, documents, or pharmacy cross-selling to sentiment analysis in the field of telemedicine and opinion mining on news, also including the study of social capital on social media and dynamics aspects of the Twitter social network.

music recommender systems --- social influence --- social trust --- homophily --- collaborative filtering --- streaming services --- ego network --- events --- network dynamics --- Twitter --- hybrid recommender systems --- feedback collection --- digital libraries --- information retrieval --- real-world data --- open-access --- social capital --- social media --- operationalization --- measurement --- scoping review --- graph convolutional neural network --- recommender system --- cross-sales --- pharmacy --- popularity bias --- opinion mining --- opinion summarization --- topic modeling --- semantic similarity measures --- word embeddings --- text mining --- sentiment analysis --- Web-based questionnaire --- telemedicine --- telemonitoring --- telehomecare --- recommender systems --- utility --- multi-criteria --- penalty --- over-expectation --- under-expectation --- n/a

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Conventional lung cancer treatments were once limited to surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. However, gefitinib, a targeted drug, was launched in 2004, and the situation changed. Cancer cases that were highly responsive to gefitinib were later discovered to have epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. This discovery opened the door for biomarker-based treatment strategies. Subsequently, several EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) were developed, and they became a new mainstay of treatment for non-small cell lung cancer. In recent years, many mechanisms of resistance to EGFR-TKI have been elucidated; a mutation in the T790M gene at exon 20 is found in half of the resistant cases. Hence, osimertinib, which specifically inhibits EGFR despite this T790M gene mutation, was developed to achieve long-term progression-free survival. Other driver mutations that are similar to the EGFR mutation were discovered, including the EML4-ALK fusion gene (discovered in 2007), ROS1 gene, and BRAF gene mutations. The TKIs for each of these fusion genes were developed and are used as therapeutic agents. Another advancement in advanced non-small cell lung cancer is the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Four PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, including nivolumab, are currently available for treatment of lung cancer. These drugs prevent an escape from the cancer immunity cycle. This ensures that cancer cells will express cancer antigens, causing an anticancer immune response. Due to cancer immunotherapy, long-term survival is possible. The biomarker development for cancer immunotherapy and its side effects are actively being studied.

Medicine --- non-small cell lung cancer --- previously treated patients --- phase I/II trial --- chemotherapy --- docetaxel --- S-1 --- immunotherapy --- rechallenge --- retrospective analysis --- pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma --- prognostic factor --- glucose transporter 1 --- lung cancer --- multiple cancers --- metastasis --- sequencing --- mutation --- genomic diagnosis --- FDG-PET --- immune checkpoint inhibitor --- PD-1 --- prognosis --- RAD51B methylation --- PD-L1 expression --- predictive biomarker --- PD-1 blockade --- interstitial lung disease --- pulmonary fibrosis --- radiology and other imaging --- non-small-cell lung cancer --- epidermal growth factor receptor --- tyrosine kinase inhibitors --- TP53 mutations --- responsiveness --- targeted therapy --- network meta-analysis --- stage IIIA-N2 --- surgery --- immune checkpoint inhibitors --- biomarker --- nonsmall cell lung cancer --- HIP1R --- PD-L1 --- RUNX1 --- methylation --- survival --- EGFR-TKI --- T790M --- osimertinib --- immune-related adverse events --- endocrine disorders --- tumor-bearing patients --- PD-1 inhibitors --- PD-L1 inhibitors --- meta-analysis --- nivolumab --- Expanded Access Program --- real-world data --- daily practice --- prognostic factors --- NSCLC --- KRAS --- DNA polymerase beta --- platinum-based first-line --- adjuvant chemotherapy --- β-catenin --- lung neoplasms --- nucleotide-diphosphate kinase --- recurrence --- unresectable --- salvage surgery --- oligometastasis

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Health statistics have progressed dramatically in Australia since the 1980s when the Australian Government created the (now) Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. The 12 papers in this Special Issue describe developments across a diverse range of topics, as well as providing an overview of the scope of health statistics in Australia and describing some ongoing gaps and problems. The papers will be of interest to international readers seeking to improve statistics about their health systems. Health statistics need to respect individuals’ personal information, be based on common data standards, and have adequate resourcing and committed staffing . The Australian experience provides valuable insights and examples. Australians will benefit from a comprehensive account of what has been achieved and what remains to be addressed. The papers in the Special Issue demonstrate the importance of continuing commitment to the statistical effort. Authors were chosen because of their known expertise in their respective fields.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health --- Indigenous health measurement --- life expectancy --- misleading statistics --- management use of information --- data sovereignty --- governance --- mental --- services --- pandemic --- COVID-19 --- data linkage --- Australia --- cross-jurisdiction --- dental caries --- oral health --- periodontal disease --- tooth loss --- health services --- disability --- data gaps --- disability identification --- International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) --- Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) --- health statistics, disability statistics --- inequalities --- prescribing --- quality use of medicines --- medication safety --- pharmacoepidemiology --- medication data --- health outcomes --- real-world data --- real-world evidence --- mortality data --- cause of death --- coronial investigation --- continuity of care --- data --- dementia --- health --- health service use --- integration --- last year of life --- linkage --- suicide --- veterans --- welfare --- wellbeing --- general practice --- health services research --- primary health care --- health expenditure --- health expenditure projections --- disease expenditure --- health expenditure policy --- mental health --- accountability --- quality improvement --- policy development --- health statistics --- Australian health system --- health surveys --- Indigenous

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Health statistics have progressed dramatically in Australia since the 1980s when the Australian Government created the (now) Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. The 12 papers in this Special Issue describe developments across a diverse range of topics, as well as providing an overview of the scope of health statistics in Australia and describing some ongoing gaps and problems. The papers will be of interest to international readers seeking to improve statistics about their health systems. Health statistics need to respect individuals’ personal information, be based on common data standards, and have adequate resourcing and committed staffing . The Australian experience provides valuable insights and examples. Australians will benefit from a comprehensive account of what has been achieved and what remains to be addressed. The papers in the Special Issue demonstrate the importance of continuing commitment to the statistical effort. Authors were chosen because of their known expertise in their respective fields.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health --- Indigenous health measurement --- life expectancy --- misleading statistics --- management use of information --- data sovereignty --- governance --- mental --- services --- pandemic --- COVID-19 --- data linkage --- Australia --- cross-jurisdiction --- dental caries --- oral health --- periodontal disease --- tooth loss --- health services --- disability --- data gaps --- disability identification --- International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) --- Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) --- health statistics, disability statistics --- inequalities --- prescribing --- quality use of medicines --- medication safety --- pharmacoepidemiology --- medication data --- health outcomes --- real-world data --- real-world evidence --- mortality data --- cause of death --- coronial investigation --- continuity of care --- data --- dementia --- health --- health service use --- integration --- last year of life --- linkage --- suicide --- veterans --- welfare --- wellbeing --- general practice --- health services research --- primary health care --- health expenditure --- health expenditure projections --- disease expenditure --- health expenditure policy --- mental health --- accountability --- quality improvement --- policy development --- health statistics --- Australian health system --- health surveys --- Indigenous

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Breast cancer is acknowledged as an international priority in healthcare. It is currently the most common cancer in women worldwide, with demographic trends indicating a continuous increase in incidence. Over the years, increasing efforts and resources have been devoted to the search for a systematic and optimized strategy in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Today, the Breast Unit model is considered the gold standard in order to ensure optimal patient-centered and research-based clinical services through multidisciplinary and integrated management.Surgical treatment has gradually evolved toward less aggressive approaches with the adoption of new therapeutic strategies. The evolution of evidence-based guidelines in such leading disciplines as radiation and medical oncology has led to a steady improvement in survival rates. This Special Issue will highlight innovations in the integrated management of breast cancer, their potential advantages, and the many open issues that still need to be properly defined and addressed.

metastatic breast cancer --- breast surgery --- immune system --- metabolic derangements --- precision medicine --- integrated therapies --- advanced breast cancer --- mTOR inhibitor --- CDK4/6 inhibitor --- endocrine resistance --- breast cancer --- pregnancy --- chemotherapy --- tailoring --- personalization --- DataMart --- real world data --- predictive model --- healthcare --- breast-conserving surgery --- non-palpable breast lesions --- image-guided localization --- preoperative breast localization --- breast ultrasound --- large database --- standardized data collection --- networks --- nipple-sparing mastectomy --- immediate breast reconstruction --- acellular dermal matrix (ADM) --- aesthetic and oncological outcomes --- quality of life --- rare breast cancer --- osteoclast-like giant cells --- gene profiling --- Oncotype Dx --- adjuvant treatment --- neoadjuvant chemotherapy --- sentinel lymph node --- systemic treatment --- locally advanced breast cancer --- mini-invasive treatment --- liver metastases --- hepatic surgery --- personalized medicine --- sarcopenia --- physical performance --- frailty --- older cancer patients --- clinical trial --- patient enrollment --- artificial intelligence --- machine learning --- lung cancer --- oncology --- web app --- conventional CT and CT angiography --- DIEP flap planning --- multidisciplinary treatment --- evidence-based medicine --- personalized treatment --- oncological outcomes --- patient quality of life --- normal breast --- breast pathology --- hormone receptor --- hormone expression --- lymphedema --- lymphaticovenous anastomosis --- vascularized lymph node transfer --- lymphatic microsurgery --- radiotherapy --- oligometastatic breast cancer --- locoregional therapy --- CDK4/6 inhibitors --- multidisciplinary --- AMH --- ovarian reserve --- pregnancy desire --- subtypes breast cancer --- miRNAs --- breast cancer treatment --- next-generation-sequencing --- target therapy --- old age --- survival --- vitamin D --- ductal breast cancer --- in situ breast cancer --- lobular breast cancer --- histology --- n/a