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This book focuses on recent advances in the synthesis of nanoparticles, their characterization, and their applications in different fields such as catalysis, photonics, magnetism, and nanomedicine. Nanoparticles receive a large share of the worldwide research activity in contemporary materials science. This is witnessed by the number of scientific papers with ""nanoparticle"" as a keyword, increasing linearly in the last 10 years from about 16,000 in 2009 to about 50,000 in 2019. This impressive widespread interest stems from the basic science of nanoparticles, which constitute a bridge between the molecular and the bulk worlds, as well as from their technological applications. The preparation of nanoparticles is a crossroad of materials science where chemists, physicists, engineers, and even biologists frequently meet, leading to a continuous improvement of existing techniques and to the invention of new methods. The reader interested in nanoparticles synthesis and properties will here find a valuable selection of scientific cases that cannot cover all methods and applications relevant to the field, but still provide an updated overview on the fervent research activity focused on nanoparticles.

silicon quantum dots --- nanocomposites --- finite element method --- nanoparticles --- non-aqueous solvent controlled sol-gel route --- Au-Fe alloy --- isomalto-oligosaccharide --- cytotoxic activity --- gas phase condensation --- synergistic effect --- alloys --- metal oxides --- egg white protein --- nanoparticle --- submicrometre spherical particles --- emulsifying property --- Ligustrum ovalifolium L. --- A375 cells --- core-shell particles --- physical adsorption --- pulse laser deposition --- ovarian carcinoma cells --- mobility --- FePt alloy --- reaction control --- titanium --- PLD --- ceria --- cobalt --- hot spot --- graphene --- thermal aggregation --- phase separation --- one-pot hydrothermal method --- super-luminescent diode --- electron microscopy --- synthesis --- InPBi --- laser wavelength --- hierarchical structure --- emission spectrum --- zeta potential --- glycation --- La-Na co-doped TiO2 --- plasmonic coupling --- silver nanoparticles --- blue --- catalytic activity --- magnetic phase --- photothermal therapy --- quantum dot --- iron --- gold nanorods --- methylene --- phytosynthesis --- laser melting in liquid

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This Special Issue compiles 11 scientific works that were presented during the International Symposium on Thermal Effects in Gas Flow in Microscale, ISTEGIM 2019, held in Ettlingen, Germany, in October 2019. This symposium was organized in the framework of the MIGRATE Network, an H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie European Training Network that ran from November 2015 to October 2019 (www.migrate2015.eu). MIGRATE intends to address some of the current challenges in innovation that face the European industry with regard to heat and mass transfer in gas-based microscale processes. The papers collected in this book focus on fundamental issues that are encountered in microfluidic systems involving gases, such as the analysis of gas–surface interactions under rarefied conditions, the development of innovative integrated microsensors for airborne pollutants, new experimental techniques for the measurement of local quantities in miniaturized devices and heat transfer issues inside microchannels. The variety of topics addressed in this book emphasizes that multi-disciplinarity is the real common thread of the current applied research in microfluidics. We hope that this book will help to stimulate early-stage researchers who are working in microfluidics all around the world. This book is dedicated to them!

femtosecond laser micromachining --- high order harmonic generation --- de laval gas micro nozzle --- attosecond science --- thermal effects --- substrate conductivity --- absorptive heating --- evaporative cooling --- vapor pressure difference --- reduced model --- LMTD method --- conjugate heat transfer (CHT) --- compressible fluid --- maldistribution --- gas–surface interaction --- thermal accommodation coefficient --- vacuum --- experimental study --- optical signals monitoring --- air–water flows --- slug velocity --- slug frequency --- rarefied gas --- accommodation coefficient --- molecular dynamics (MD) simulation --- Ar–Au interaction --- He–Au interaction --- mixing rules --- ab-initio potentials --- micro channel --- wire-net perturbators --- s-shaped perturbators --- high-temperature heat exchangers --- surface scanning optics --- Raman --- near infrared --- middle infrared imaging --- scanning --- multimodal spectroscopy --- local reaction control techniques --- microchannel --- cryogenics --- MATLAB® --- numerical thermal analysis --- cryocooler --- regenerator --- optimization --- ANSYS Fluent --- slip velocity --- channel flow --- molecular tagging velocimetry --- metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-based fluorescence sensing --- light emitting diode (LED)-induced fluorescence --- SU-8 2015 waveguide --- silicon fluidic cell --- 3,5–diacetyl-1,4-dihydrolutidine (DDL) --- n/a --- gas-surface interaction --- air-water flows --- Ar-Au interaction --- He-Au interaction --- 3,5-diacetyl-1,4-dihydrolutidine (DDL)