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The importance of viticulture and the winemaking socio-economic sector is acknowledged worldwide. The most renowned winemaking regions show very specific environmental characteristics, where climate usually plays a central role. Considering the strong influence of weather and climatic factors on grapevine yields and berry quality attributes, climate change may indeed significantly impact this crop. Recent trends already point to a pronounced increase in growing season mean temperatures, as well as changes in precipitation regimes, which have been influencing wine typicity across some of the most renowned winemaking regions worldwide. Moreover, several climate scenarios give evidence of enhanced stress conditions for grapevine growth until the end of the century. Although grapevines have high resilience, the clear evidence for significant climate change in the upcoming decades urges adaptation and mitigation measures to be taken by sector stakeholders. To provide hints on the abovementioned issues, we have edited a Special Issue entitled “Viticulture and Winemaking under Climate Change”. Contributions from different fields were considered, including crop and climate modeling, and potential adaptation measures against these threats. The current Special Issue allows for the expansion of scientific knowledge in these particular fields of research, as well as providing a path for future research.

stomatal conductance --- mechanical thinning --- predawn water potential --- modeling --- CIRG --- adaptation --- EURO-CORDEX --- vineyards --- Portugal --- yield formation --- photosynthesis --- Douro wine region --- rootstock --- autochthonous cultivar --- plant architecture --- climatic influence --- multi-temporal analysis --- intercellular CO2 --- winemaking --- leaf water potential --- micrometeorology --- Touriga Franca --- dry mass partitioning --- ’Uva Rey’ --- crop water stress index --- global warming --- adaptation measures --- kaolin --- wine --- natural hail --- rate of anthocyanin accumulation --- grape berry tissues --- water status --- temperature --- low-input --- Vitis vinifera L. --- photosynthetic pigments --- S-ABA --- unmanned aerial vehicles --- climate --- water limitation --- elevated CO2 --- spatial variability --- bioactive compounds --- FACE --- Touriga Nacional --- grapevine --- PRI --- general circulation model --- Vitis vinifera --- berry composition --- sensory analysis --- B. cinerea mold --- crop model --- vigour maps --- irrigation --- precision viticulture --- phenology modelling platform --- SO2 pads --- RCP4.5 --- climate change --- viticultural training system --- crop management --- microclimate --- Virtual Riesling --- light micro-climates --- remote sensing --- grape --- pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry --- modelling --- mitigation strategies --- normalized difference vegetation index --- crop surface model --- plant material --- grape quality --- parasitoid --- production system --- Botrytis cinerea --- technological and phenolic ripeness --- training system --- WI --- phenological model --- phenolics --- table grapes --- Vitis vinifera (L.) --- phenology --- assimilation --- grapevine pest --- drought --- viticulture --- physiological processes --- mealybug --- leaf area