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Sexual violence is a significant problem within many Western militaries. Despite international attention to the issue and global #MeToo and #TimesUp movements highlighting the impact of sexual violence, rates of sexual violence are going up in many militaries. This book uses feminist theories of 'rape culture' and institutional gaslighting to identify the key stories, myths, and misconceptions about military sexual violence that have obstructed addressing and preventing it. It is a landmark study that considers nearly thirty years of media coverage of military sexual violence in three case countries - the US, Canada and Australia. The findings have implications not only for those seeking to address, reduce, and prevent sexual violence in militaries, but also for those hoping to understanding rape culture and how patriarchy operates more broadly. It will appeal to students, scholars and general readers interested in gender, feminism and the military.

Rape in the military --- Armed Forces and mass media --- Sexual harassment in the military --- Rape culture. --- Prevention.

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This work focused on the barriers to reporting sexual violence. What are the elements that slow down women from filing a complaint? According to multiple research results, it seemed that the fear from the look of others and the fact of feeling partly guilty consist in brakes to complaining. Moreover, a knowledge lack of the legal process might be responsible. 

A questionnaire was distributed to women aged 18 to 50 living in Wallonia through social media to study this topic. The selection criterion was that they should have been victims of sexual violence.

The sample was composed of 61 participants in the current work. Obtained results showed that shame and fear were frequent and common brakes to complaints. Nevertheless, self-responsibility was also one of them. Victims sometimes felt guilty because of their behavior or attitudes toward their aggressors. Moreover, the survey showed that most of the aggressors knew the victims and were close to them. 

In conclusion, there is a difference between the number of cases reported to the police and the number of real facts: this is called the black number. What can we do to reduce this difference? How can we help victims to free themselves from this burden? Cet article s’intéresse aux obstacles à la dénonciation de faits de violences sexuelles. Quels sont les éléments qui freinent les femmes à porter plainte ? D’après plusieurs recherches, il semble que la peur du regard des autres ainsi que le fait de se sentir partiellement coupable sont des freins au dépôt de plainte. Une autre hypothèse que j’émets est la méconnaissance du processus juridique. 
Pour étudier cette thématique, j’ai choisi de distribuer un questionnaire aux femmes âgées de 18 à 50 ans et vivant en Wallonie via les réseaux sociaux. Ces femmes doivent avoir été victime de violences sexuelles. Mon échantillon est composé de 61 participantes. 
Les résultats montrent que la honte et la peur sont des freins très fréquent. Mais l’auto-responsabilité en est aussi un. Les victimes se sentent parfois coupables à cause de leurs comportements ou de leurs attitudes avec leurs agresseurs. D’ailleurs, l’enquête montre que la plupart des agresseurs sont connus et proches de la victime. 
En conclusion, il existe une différence entre le nombre de faits rapportés au service de police et le nombre de faits réels. C’est ce que l’on appelle le chiffre noir. Que pouvons-nous mettre en place pour diminuer cette différence. Comment aider les victimes à se libérer de ce poids ?

Sexual violence --- obstacles --- complaint --- rape culture --- culture du viol --- obstacles --- plainte --- violences sexuelles --- Droit, criminologie & sciences politiques > Criminologie

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The sexual revolution is unfinished. A sexual double standard between men and women still exists, and society continues to punish bad girls and reward good ones. Until we eliminate good-girl privilege and bad-girl stigma, women will not be fully free to embrace their sexuality. Meredith Ralston looks at the common denominators between the #MeToo movement, the myths of rape culture, and the pleasure gap between men and women to reveal the ways that sexually liberated women threaten the patriarchy.

Prostitution. --- #MeToo movement. --- bad girl stigma. --- female sexual empowerment. --- good girl privilege. --- pleasure gap. --- rape culture. --- sex work. --- sexual double standards. --- slut-shaming. --- unfinished sexual revolution.

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"This volume responds to the #MeToo movement, whose worldwide resonance has illustrated not only the ubiquity of sexual abuse and sexual violence but also the failure to hold perpetrators accountable. Representing a range of disciplines, the collected essays engage current cultural and political discourses about systemic sexism, feminist theory and practice, and gender-based discrimination from an academic and activist perspective. The focus on national cultures of German-speaking Europe from the mid-eighteenth century to the present captures the persistence of normalized and institutionalized sexism, reframed through the lens of a contemporary political and social movement. With 16 essays from established and emerging scholars, German #MeToo argues that sexual violence is not a universal human constant. Rather, it is enabled and sustained by the social, political, cultural, legal and economic fabric of specific societies. The contributors sustain and vary their exploration of #MeToo-related issues through considerations of rape, prostitution, sexual murder, the politics of consent, and victim-blaming as enacted in canonical and marginalized authors, the visual arts, the graphic novel, film, television, and theater"--

Rape culture --- Rape in mass media. --- Sexism --- History. --- Sex bias --- Attitude (Psychology) --- Prejudices --- Sex (Psychology) --- Social perception --- Sex role --- Mass media --- Rape-supportive culture --- Culture --- #MeToo movement. --- Academic perspective. --- Activist perspective. --- Contemporary political movement. --- Feminist theory. --- Gender-based discrimination. --- German culture. --- German literature. --- Rape cultures. --- Sexual abuse. --- Sexual violence. --- Systemic sexism.

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As anyone who has read Chaucer's Canterbury Tales knows, Middle English literature is rife with sexually explicit language and situations. Less canonical works can be even more brazen in describing illicit acts of sexual activity and sexual violence. Such scenes and language were not, however, included exclusively for titillation. In 'Obscene Pedagogies', Carissa M. Harris argues instead for obscenity's usefulness in sexual education. She investigates the relationship between obscenity, gender and pedagogy in Middle English and Middle Scots literary texts from 1300 to 1580 to show how sexually explicit and defiantly vulgar speech taught readers and listeners about sexual behaviour and consent.

Sex role --- Sex instruction --- Misogyny in literature. --- Sex in literature. --- Obscene words in literature. --- English literature --- Words, Obscene, in literature --- Sex --- Sex education --- Family life education --- Sex counseling --- Sexual health --- Gender role --- Sex (Psychology) --- Sex differences (Psychology) --- Social role --- Gender expression --- Sexism --- History --- History and criticism. --- Study and teaching --- Scottish literature --- Scots literature --- British literature --- obscenity, rape culture, sexual violence, sexual education, consent, misogyny, Medieval literature, Middle English, sex in the Middle Ages, medieval obscenity, Chaucer, Middle Scots. --- Gender roles --- Gendered role --- Gendered roles --- Role, Gender --- Role, Gendered --- Role, Sex --- Roles, Gender --- Roles, Gendered --- Roles, Sex --- Sex roles