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Race and Ethnicity in America examines patterns and trends in racial and ethnic inequality over recent decades. John Iceland shows how color lines have generally softened over time in the United States but deep-seated inequalities remain-generally, blacks, American Indians, and some Hispanics fare less well than others. Among these groups, the underlying causes of the disadvantages vary, ranging from the legacy of racism, current discrimination, differences of human capital, the unfolding process of immigrant incorporation, and cultural responses to structural conditions. Throughout the book, Iceland also demonstrates that the ways Americans define racial and ethnic groups, along with changing patterns of identification in the U.S. population, influence our understanding of patterns and trends in racial and ethnic inequality.

Ethnicity --- Equality --- Minorities --- Social conditions. --- african americans. --- american indians. --- anthropologist. --- classroom education. --- culture. --- education. --- family. --- gender. --- hispanics. --- immigration. --- mexican americans. --- political activist. --- race relations. --- race. --- racial and ethnic inequality. --- racism in america. --- socioeconomic inequalities. --- sociologist.

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Paul Bontemps decided to move his family to Los Angeles from Louisiana in 1906 on the day he finally submitted to a strictly enforced Southern custom-he stepped off the sidewalk to allow white men who had just insulted him to pass by. Friends of the Bontemps family, like many others beckoning their loved ones West, had written that Los Angeles was "a city called heaven" for people of color. But just how free was Southern California for African Americans? This splendid history, at once sweeping in its historical reach and intimate in its evocation of everyday life, is the first full account of Los Angeles's black community in the half century before World War II. Filled with moving human drama, it brings alive a time and place largely ignored by historians until now, detailing African American community life and political activism during the city's transformation from small town to sprawling metropolis. Writing with a novelist's sensitivity to language and drawing from fresh historical research, Douglas Flamming takes us from Reconstruction to the Jim Crow era, through the Great Migration, the Roaring Twenties, the Great Depression, and the build-up to World War II. Along the way, he offers rich descriptions of the community and its middle-class leadership, the women who were front and center with men in the battle against racism in the American West. In addition to drawing a vivid portrait of a little-known era, Flamming shows that the history of race in Los Angeles is crucial for our understanding of race in America. The civil rights activism in Los Angeles laid the foundation for critical developments in the second half of the century that continue to influence us to this day.

Civil rights movements --- Community life --- African Americans --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Associations, institutions, etc. --- Human ecology --- Civil liberation movements --- Liberation movements (Civil rights) --- Protest movements (Civil rights) --- Human rights movements --- History --- Civil rights --- History. --- Los Angeles (Calif.) --- Race relations. --- Black people --- 20th century african american history. --- 20th century american history. --- african americans. --- american west. --- biographical. --- black americans. --- black community. --- civil rights activism. --- critical development. --- great depression. --- great migration. --- jim crow america. --- jim crow laws. --- jim crow. --- la. --- leadership. --- los angeles. --- louisiana. --- political activism. --- race in america. --- racial segregation. --- racism in america. --- roaring twenties. --- second world war. --- separate but equal. --- southern california. --- southern customs. --- united states of america.

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While considerable attention has been given to encounters between black citizens and police in urban communities, there have been limited analyses of such encounters in suburban settings. Race, Place, and Suburban Policing tells the full story of social injustice, racialized policing, nationally profiled shootings, and the ambiguousness of black life in a suburban context. Through compelling interviews, participant observation, and field notes from a marginalized black enclave located in a predominately white suburb, Andrea S. Boyles examines a fraught police-citizen interface, where blacks are segregated and yet forced to negotiate overlapping spaces with their more affluent white counterparts.

African Americans -- Missouri -- Kirkwood -- Social conditions. --- Police-community relations -- Missouri -- Kirkwood. --- Police-community relations --- African Americans --- Police --- Racism in criminology --- Criminology --- Cops --- Gendarmes --- Law enforcement officers --- Officers, Law enforcement --- Officers, Police --- Police forces --- Police officers --- Police service --- Policemen --- Policing --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Criminal justice personnel --- Peace officers --- Public safety --- Security systems --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Public relations --- Social conditions --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Black people --- african americans. --- american politics. --- black americans. --- charles cookie thornton. --- critical analysis. --- critical race theory. --- democracy. --- gun violence. --- kevin johnson. --- marginalized communities. --- nationally profiled shootings. --- police citizen interface. --- police shootings. --- police violence. --- police. --- policing literature. --- politics. --- race theory. --- race. --- racialized policing. --- racism in america. --- racism in the united states. --- racism. --- reconciliation. --- social injustice. --- suburban communities. --- united states of america. --- urban communities. --- violence.