Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

PLANTS, MEDICINAL --- FLAVONES --- QUERCETIN --- COUMARINS --- BIOFLAVONOIDS --- PLANT EXTRACTS

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Salt has emerged as a top-ranking threat for agriculture because of the raising awareness of the consequences imposed by climate change. Indeed, sea level rises at an alarming rate and the proportion of saline soils in the world increases dramatically. This is particularly the case in arid and semi-arid regions, where the lack of appropriate irrigation exacerbates soil salinization. In this context, developing sustainable agricultural practices that can counteract the deleterious effects of abiotic stresses has become a top priority.
The constant search of new methods to alleviate the negative effect of stresses in plants has motivated the experimentation of new technologies such as nanotechnologies. It is in this context that the use of a hybrid Si NanoParticles based Biocourier (Si-NPs) acting as a delivery system has been proposed here. Si NanoParticles-based formulations functionalised with quercetin, a plant bioactive, were applied on salt-stressed tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum cv MicroTom) by foliar spraying to investigate whether they conferred protection against salinity.
Microscopic analysis of salt-stressed tomato plants leaves showed an accumulation of anthocyanins in the abaxial side, as well as smaller xylem vessels and mesophyll cells with a “wrinkly” appearance. The expression of several stress-responsive genes was measured in different leaflets sampled at different heights and positions along the rachis to determine whether changes in stress response could be measured among the different organs. The expression of a set of genes showing the highest induction upon salt stress (200 mM NaCl) was then measured in plants treated with formulations containing Si-NPs functionalised or not with quercetin. Si-NPs containing quercetin helped maintain the cellular structure under salt-stress, especially in the palisade parenchyma. Additionally, a trend towards a decreased expression of stress-responsive genes was observed in the leaves treated with the Si-NPs formulations containing quercetin.
In conclusion, Si-NPs loaded with quercetin showed promising results to enhance abiotic stress resistance in tomato through the mitigation of stress symptoms. Additional studies are required to further elucidate the action of Si-NPs on plant physiology. La salinisation des sols s'est présentée au cours des dernières années comme une des principales menaces qui courent sur l'agriculture, faisant fortement diminuer les rendements agricoles des principales semences à fort intérêt économique. Celle-ci est notamment une conséquence du réchauffement climatique qui provoque la montée du niveau des océans à un rythme effréné, ainsi qu'aux mauvaises pratiques d'irrigation, notamment dans les régions arides et semi-arides du globe. Devant ces constatations, il devient donc urgent de développer de nouveaux moyens pour garantir une agriculture durable qui serait à même de faire face aux effets délétères induits par le réchauffement climatique.
Le besoin perpétuel de trouver de nouvelles manières d'accroître la résistance des plantes aux stress abiotiques a mené à l'utilisation de nouvelles technologies telles que les nanotechnologies. C'est dans cette optique que l'utilisation de formulations hybrides à base de NanoParticules de Si (Si-NPs) servant comme transporteur spécifique de composés bioactifs tels que la quercétine et permettant leur relargage contrôlé a ici été expérimentée. Des plants de tomates (Solanum lycopersicum cv Micro-Tom) soumis à un stress salin ont alors été traités avec ces formulations appliquées par voie foliaire pour déterminer leur efficacité à protéger les plantes des méfaits du sel.
L'analyse microscopique des coupes de feuilles de plants de tomates a montré que l'accumulation d'anthocyanines et l'endommagement des tissus mésophylles et vasculaires étaient les principaux effets dus au stress salin visibles à l'échelle microscopique. L'expression de différents gènes identifiés comme étant réactifs aux conditions de stress a été mesurée dans différentes folioles des feuilles composées de la tomate échantillonnées à différentes hauteurs de la plante et à différentes positions sur le pétiole afin de déterminer la réponse au stress dans ces différents organes. Suite à cela, l'expression des gènes les plus réactifs a été mesurée en traitant les plantes avec les formulations à base de Si-NPs. Ces dernières chargées de quercétine ont permis à la plante de maintenir son intégrité cellulaires en conditions salines, notamment au niveau de son parenchyme palissadique, tout en voyant une tendance de l'induction de l'expression des gènes les plus réactifs à être réduite.
En conclusion, les formulations à base de Si-NPs et chargées de quercétine ont présenté des résultats prometteurs permettant d'accroître la résistance de plants de tomates aux stress abiotiques via la réduction des symptômes dus au stress. Cependant, de plus amples recherches sont toujours nécessaires afin de mieux comprendre les mécaniques d'action des Si-NPs sur les plantes.

Salt-stress --- Micro-Tom --- Si nanoparticle formulations --- Quercetin --- Gene expression analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Sciences du vivant > Biochimie, biophysique & biologie moléculaire

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The Mediterranean diet is a model of eating based on the traditional foods and drinks of the countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. The cultural and the nutritional aspects of the multisecular Mediterranean civilization include diet as a central element of health and wellbeing, including wine, if it is consumed in moderation. In recent decades, it has been promoted worldwide (UNESCO 2010) as one of the healthiest dietary patterns. The objective of this book is to bring the role of wine as part of the Mediterranean diet to light, especially through policy makers, the medical world, and vectors of images.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- apigenin --- docosahexaenoic acid --- eicosapentaenoic acid --- 7-ketocholesterol --- α-linolenic acid --- Mediterranean diet --- N2a cells --- oleic acid --- oxidative stress --- quercetin --- resveratrol. --- wine --- ethanol --- acetaldehyde --- oral cavity cancer --- carcinogenesis --- resveratrol --- polydatin --- peonidin 3-O-glucoside --- malvidin 3-O-glucoside --- quercetin 3-O-glucoside --- (+)-catechin --- (+)-taxifolin --- apoptosis --- neuronal death --- cerebellum --- polyphenols --- flavonoids --- diet --- clinical trials --- metabolites --- resveratrol butyrate ester --- butyric acid --- Steglich esterification --- prevent fat accumulation --- wine intake --- cardiovascular disease --- cancer --- dementia --- red wine extract --- AMD --- retinal cells --- ARPE-19 --- degenerative diseases --- ocular diseases --- olive oil --- alcohol --- phytochemicals --- tyrosol --- inflammatory bowel disease --- Crohn's disease --- ulcerative colitis --- inflammation --- neurodegeneration --- neuroprotection --- therapeutic targets --- pharmacology --- novel delivery system --- postovulatory aging --- oocyte quality --- reactive oxygen species

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The consumption of fruits, vegetables, herbs, spices, etc., is thought to be associated with reduced risk for many human diseases, including cancers. Recently, significant advances have been made in evaluating the efficacy of natural products (compounds from natural sources) against human diseases. The purpose of this Special Issue, “Natural Products and Disease Prevention, Relief and Treatment", was to collect manuscripts concerning natural products for treating human diseases. Consequently, we have collected several high-quality manuscripts that focus on the molecular mechanisms of natural products, including their anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antifibrotic, and anticancer effects, as well as other health beneficial effects across a wide range of human diseases. Overall, this Special Issue is an excellent source for information on promising natural products for future preclinical and clinical research into multiple diseases.

Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Rubi Fructus --- Rubus coreanus --- lipopolysaccharide --- macrophage --- ER stress --- calcium --- chop --- STAT --- cytokine --- nitric oxide --- β-glucan --- anticancer activity --- antioxidant --- anti-inflammatory --- cyclooxygenase --- lipoxygenase --- cauliflower mushroom --- breast cancer --- Spirulina --- tocotrienol --- immunomodulatory --- synergistic --- metastasis --- YG-1 extract --- bronchodilation --- fine particulate matter (PM2.5) --- acute lung injury --- airway inflammation --- pancreatic cancer --- natural product --- traditional medicine --- apoptosis --- angiogenesis --- drug resistance --- inflammation --- interleukin-6 --- sepsis --- Dracocephalum moldavica --- NASH --- lactoferrin --- fibrosis --- hepatocarcinogenesis --- connexin --- brown algae --- Sargassum plagiophyllum --- constipation --- gastrointestinal transit --- gut microbiota --- transepithelial transport --- glaucoma --- herbs --- retinal ganglion cells --- intraocular pressure --- SLC22A12 --- quercetin --- fisetin --- uricosuric activity --- anti-hyperuricemia --- functional food --- transporter --- uric acid --- health promotion --- rooibos tea --- doxorubicin --- mokko lactone --- heart --- Mokko lactone --- Dracocephalum moldavica ethanol extract --- Sparassis crispa --- fisetin and quercetin --- Sargassum plagiophyllum extract

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book collects contributions published in the Special Issue “From a Molecule to a Drug: Chemical Features Enhancing Pharmacological Potential” and dealing with successful stories of drug improvement or design using classic protocols, quantum mechanical mechanistic investigation, or hybrid approaches such as QM/MM or QM/ML (machine learning). In the last two decades, computer-aided modeling has strongly supported scientists’ intuition to design functional molecules. High-throughput screening protocols, mainly based on classical mechanics’ atomistic potentials, are largely employed in biology and medicinal chemistry studies with the aim of simulating drug-likeness and bioactivity in terms of efficient binding to the target receptors. The advantages of this approach are quick outcomes, the possibility of repurposing commercially available drugs, consolidated protocols, and the availability of large databases. On the other hand, these studies do not intrinsically provide reactivity information, which requires quantum mechanical methodologies that are only applicable to significantly smaller and simplified systems at present. These latter studies focus on the drug itself, considering the chemical properties related to its structural features and motifs. Overall, such simulations provide necessary insights for a better understanding of the chemistry principles that rule the diseases at the molecular level, as well as possible mechanisms for restoring the physiological equilibrium.

Medicine --- Pharmacology --- SARS-CoV-2 --- benzoic acid derivatives --- gallic acid --- molecular docking --- reactivity parameters --- selenoxide elimination --- one-pot --- imine-enamine --- reaction mechanism --- DFT calculations --- selenium --- anti-inflammatory drugs --- QSAR --- pain management --- cyclooxygenase --- multitarget drug --- cannabinoid --- neuropathic pain --- clopidogrel --- NMR study --- oxone --- peroxymonosulfate --- sodium halide --- thienopyridine --- drug discovery --- precision medicine --- pharmacodynamics --- pharmacokinetics --- coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 --- COVID-19 --- 3-chymotrypsin-like protease --- pyrimidonic pharmaceuticals --- molecular dynamics simulations --- binding free energy --- β-carrageenan --- antioxidant activity --- Box-Behken --- extraction --- Eucheuma gelatinae --- physic-chemistry --- rheology --- quercetin --- quercetin 3-O-glucuronide --- cisplatin --- nephrotoxicity --- cytoprotection --- lithium therapy --- neurocytology --- toxicology --- neuroprotection --- chemoinformatics --- big data --- methadone hydrochloride --- pharmaceutical solutions --- drug compounding --- high performance liquid chromatography --- stability study --- microbiology --- fucoidan --- alginate --- L-selectin --- E-selectin --- MCP-1 --- ICAM-1 --- THP-1 macrophage --- monocyte migration --- protein binding --- breast milk --- M/P ratio --- statistical modeling --- molecular descriptors --- chromatographic descriptors --- affinity chromatography --- anti-ACE --- anti-DPP-IV --- gastrointestinal digestion --- in silico --- molecular dynamics --- paramyosin --- seafood --- target fishing --- n/a