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This publication by the World Health Organization presents a target product profile for aerosolized surfactant therapy aimed at treating respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in neonates, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. It outlines the development process of this profile, emphasizing the need for a safe, efficacious, and affordable surfactant that can be administered without intubation. The document discusses methods and technologies for delivering surfactant, highlighting recent advancements in aerosolization. The goal is to guide product developers and address the accessibility challenges of current surfactants in resource-limited settings. The intended audience includes healthcare professionals, policymakers, and product developers.

Pulmonary surfactant. --- Respiratory distress syndrome. --- Pulmonary surfactant --- Respiratory distress syndrome

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Pathology of the respiratory system --- Physiology of the respiratory system --- Paediatrics --- Respiratory distress syndrome, Adult --- Respiratory distress syndrome --- Pulmonary surfactant --- Congresses --- Longen. Ventilatie / en oppervlaktespanning. (Congres) --- Maladie à membranes hyalines. (Congrès) --- Poumons. Ventilation / et tension superficielle. (Congrès) --- Hyalinemembranenziekte. (Congres) --- Respiratory distress syndrome, Adult - Congresses --- Respiratory distress syndrome - Congresses --- Pulmonary surfactant - Congresses

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Pulmonary Surfactants. --- Solutions. --- Surface-Active Agents. --- 541.183 <063> --- Pharmaceutical Solutions --- Pulmonary Surfactant --- Surfactant, Pulmonary --- Surfactants, Pulmonary --- Surface-Active Agents --- Contact systems. Adsorption. Surface chemistry--Congressen --- 541.183 <063> Contact systems. Adsorption. Surface chemistry--Congressen --- Amphiphilic Agents --- Surface Active Agents --- Tensides --- Surfactants --- Active Agents, Surface --- Agents, Amphiphilic --- Agents, Surface Active --- Agents, Surface-Active --- Lubricants --- Surface Active Agent --- Surface-Active Agent --- Surfactant --- Tenside --- Active Agent, Surface --- Agent, Surface Active --- Agent, Surface-Active --- Solution --- Pulmonary Surfactants --- Solutions --- Surface (chemistry and physics)

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When is clinical research in developing countries exploitation? Exploitation is a concept in ordinary moral thought that has not often been analyzed outside the Marxist tradition. Yet it is commonly used to describe interactions that seem morally suspect in some way. A case in point is clinical research sponsored by developed countries and carried out in developing countries, with participants who are poor and sick, and lack education. Such individuals seem vulnerable to abuse. But does this, by itself, make such research exploitative? Exploitation and Developing Countries is an attempt by philosophers and bioethicists to reflect on the meaning of exploitation, to ask whether and when clinical research in developing countries counts as exploitative, and to consider what can be done to minimize the possibility of exploitation in such circumstances. These reflections should interest clinical researchers, since locating the line between appropriate and inappropriate use of subjects--the line between exploitation and fair use--is the central question at the heart of research ethics. Reflection on this rich and important moral concept should also interest normative moral philosophers of a non-Marxist bent. In addition to the editors, the contributors are Richard J. Arneson, Alisa L. Carse, Margaret Olivia Little, Thomas Pogge, Andrew W. Siegel, and Alan Wertheimer.

Clinical trials --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Controlled clinical trials --- Patient trials of new treatments --- Randomized clinical trials --- Trials, Clinical --- Études cliniques --- Pulmonary Surfactants. --- Human Experimentation --- Hepatitis A Vaccines. --- Developing Countries. --- Clinical Trials as Topic --- Developing Nations --- Least Developed Countries --- Less-Developed Nations --- Third-World Nations --- Under-Developed Nations --- Less-Developed Countries --- Third-World Countries --- Under-Developed Countries --- Countries, Developing --- Countries, Least Developed --- Countries, Less-Developed --- Countries, Third-World --- Countries, Under-Developed --- Country, Developing --- Country, Least Developed --- Country, Less-Developed --- Country, Third-World --- Country, Under-Developed --- Developed Countries, Least --- Developed Country, Least --- Developing Country --- Developing Nation --- Least Developed Country --- Less Developed Countries --- Less Developed Nations --- Less-Developed Country --- Less-Developed Nation --- Nation, Less-Developed --- Nation, Third-World --- Nation, Under-Developed --- Nations, Developing --- Nations, Less-Developed --- Nations, Third-World --- Nations, Under-Developed --- Third World Countries --- Third World Nations --- Third-World Country --- Third-World Nation --- Under Developed Countries --- Under Developed Nations --- Under-Developed Country --- Under-Developed Nation --- Havrix --- Hepatitis A Vaccine --- Hepatovirus Vaccines --- Vaqta --- Vaccine, Hepatitis A --- Vaccines, Hepatitis A --- Vaccines, Hepatovirus --- Pulmonary Surfactant --- Surfactant, Pulmonary --- Surfactants, Pulmonary --- Surface-Active Agents --- Clinical medicine --- Human experimentation in medicine --- Aspect social --- ethics. --- Research --- Developing Countries --- Hepatitis A Vaccines --- Pulmonary Surfactants --- Études cliniques --- ethics --- Clinical trials - Moral and ethical aspects - Developing countries --- Clinical Trials as Topic - ethics --- Human Experimentation - ethics --- Études cliniques - Aspect social - Pays en voie de développement

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Proteomics --- Proteins --- Biochemistry --- Proteome. --- Protéines --- Biochimie --- Biochemistry. --- Proteomics. --- Research --- genetics. --- Recherche --- Research. --- Protein research --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Proteomes --- Proteids --- Composition --- Protéines --- Molecular biology --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Health Sciences --- Physiology --- Proteome --- proteome. --- proteins. --- genetics --- Biological Sciences --- animal genetics --- cytogenetics --- gender --- genetic equilibrium --- genetic factors --- genetic relationships --- genetic selection --- genetic stability --- genetic structure --- genetic traits --- genetic vectors --- genomics --- human genetics --- immunogenetics --- inheritance (genetics) --- landscape genetics --- maternal effect --- metabolomics --- microbial genetics --- molecular genetics --- nutrigenomics --- paternal effect --- phenomics --- phenotype --- plant genetics --- population genetics --- proteomics --- quantitative genetics --- reproductive fitness --- sex determination --- transcriptomics --- biotechnology --- breeding --- genetic models --- genetic resources --- geneticists --- amino acids, peptides and proteins --- advanced glycation end products --- advanced oxidation protein products --- agglutinins --- algal proteins --- angiogenic proteins --- animal proteins --- antifreeze proteins --- antimicrobial proteins --- apoproteins --- binding proteins --- BTB-Kelch proteins --- chloroplast proteins --- conjugated proteins --- contractile proteins --- CRISPR-associated proteins --- crystal proteins --- crystallins --- cytoskeletal proteins --- gelatin --- GTPase-activating proteins --- helminth proteins --- heme proteins --- insecticidal proteins --- kinesin --- lectins --- luminescent proteins --- membrane proteins --- microbial proteins --- mitochondrial proteins --- molecular chaperones --- molecular motor proteins --- multiprotein complexes --- neoplasm proteins --- nuclear-encoded proteins --- nuclear proteins --- nucleoproteins --- peptones --- phosphoproteins --- phytohemagglutinin --- plant proteins --- polyproteins --- prions --- protein aggregates --- protein corona --- protein products --- protozoan proteins --- pulmonary surfactant associated proteins --- receptors --- recombinant proteins --- regulatory proteins --- ribonucleoproteins --- ribosomal proteins --- scaffolding proteins --- scleroproteins --- selenoproteins --- seminal plasma proteins --- silver proteins --- simple proteins --- storage proteins --- structural proteins --- sulfur proteins --- surface proteins --- thermostable proteins --- transcobalamins --- transcription factors --- tubulin --- ubiquitins --- viral proteins --- protein sweeteners --- proteinuria --- proteolytic bacteria --- proteome --- phosphoproteome --- metabolome --- proteins --- sialome --- biochemistry --- molecular biology --- proteomics --- protein science --- systems biology --- bioinformatics --- Protéomique --- Protéomes.