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Motion perception is fundamental to survival. Until recently, research on motion perception emphasized such basic aspects of motion as sampling and filtering. In the past decade, however, the emphasis has gradually shifted to higher-level motion processing--i.e., processing that takes place not only in the primary visual cortex but also in the "higher" or more complicated parts of the brain. The contributors to this book focus on such key aspects of motion processing as interaction and integration between locally measured motion units, structure from motion, heading in an optical flow, and second-order motion. They also discuss the interaction of motion processing with other high-level visual functions such as surface representation and attention. The book is divided into three sections: (1) interactive aspects of motion, (2) motion coherence and grouping, and (3) heading and structure from motion. Each section begins with computational aspects, proceeds to the neuropsychological/neurophysiological, and ends with the psychophysical. Contributors : Thomas D. Albright, Don Beinfang, Patrick Cavanagh, Karen R. Dobkins, Stephen Grossberg, Norberto M. Grzywacz, Ellen C. Hildreth, Marjorie LeMay, Zhong-Lin Lu, Satoru Miyauchi, Ken Nakayama, Constance S. Royden, Takao Sato, George Sperling, Keiji Tanaka, James T. Todd, Peter Tse, William R. Uttal, Lucia M. Vaina, William H. Warren, Jr., Takeo Watanabe, Edward Wolpow, Alan L. Yuile.

Motion perception (Vision) --- Motion Perception --- Visual Perception --- Perception --- Mental Processes --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Physiological aspects. --- physiology. --- #PBIB:1999.4 --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Human Information Processing --- Information Processing, Human --- Perceptions --- Perception, Visual --- Perceptions, Visual --- Visual Perceptions --- Perception, Motion --- Movement perception (Vision) --- Speed perception --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- Sensation --- Vision, Ocular --- Movement, Psychology of --- Vision --- Visual perception --- Physiological aspects

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Sight can be so effortless, so useful, and so entertaining--the average human can distinguish several million colors; a falcon can see a fencepost from three thousand yards--that we never stop to think about how complex a process it is and how easily it can fail us. We never have as clear and complete a picture of the world around us as we think we do. The gaps between what our eyes take in and what is in our mind's eye provide the unifying theme in Bruno Breitmeyer's wide-ranging volume. In his fascinating account of the many ways that our eyes, and minds, both see and fail to see, Breitmeyer

Cognition. --- Visual perception. --- Visual perception --- Visual Perception --- Cognition --- Perception --- Mental Processes --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Psychology --- Social Sciences --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- Human Information Processing --- Information Processing, Human --- Sensory Processing --- Processing, Sensory --- Sensation --- Cognitive Function --- Cognitions --- Cognitive Functions --- Function, Cognitive --- Functions, Cognitive --- Visual Processing --- Perception, Visual --- Processing, Visual --- Vision, Ocular --- Optics, Psychological --- Vision --- Visual discrimination --- Psychological aspects

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These essays draw on work in the history and philosophy of science, the philosophy of mind and language, the development of concepts in children, conceptual change in adults, and reasoning in human and artificial systems.Explanations seem to be a large and natural part of our cognitive lives. As Frank Keil and Robert Wilson write, "When a cognitive activity is so ubiquitous that it is expressed both in a preschooler's idle questions and in work that is the culmination of decades of scholarly effort, one has to ask whether we really have one and the same phenomenon or merely different cognitively based phenomena that are loosely, or even metaphorically, related."This book is unusual in its interdisciplinary approach to that ubiquitous activity. The essays address five basic questions about explanation: How do explanatory capacities develop? Are there kinds of explanation? Do explanations correspond to domains of knowledge? Why do we seek explanations, and what do they accomplish? How central are causes to explanation? The essays draw on work in the history and philosophy of science, the philosophy of mind and language, the development of concepts in children, conceptual change in adults, and reasoning in human and artificial systems. They also introduce emerging perspectives on explanation from computer science, linguistics, and anthropology.ContributorsWoo-kyoung Ahn, William F. Brewer, Patricia W. Cheng, Clark A. Chinn, Andy Clark, Robert Cummins, Clark Glymour, Alison Gopnik, Christine Johnson, Charles W. Kalish, Frank C. Keil, Robert N. McCauley, Gregory L. Murphy, Ala Samarapungavan, Herbert A. Simon, Paul Thagard, Robert A. Wilson

Cognition --- Explanation --- Cognition. --- Explanation. --- Concept Formation. --- Cognitie. --- Verklaring. --- Concept Formation --- Thinking --- Mental Processes --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Psychology --- Social Sciences --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Human Information Processing --- Information Processing, Human --- Critical Thinking --- Thinking Skills --- Thinking Skill --- Thinking, Critical --- Cognitive Function --- Cognitions --- Cognitive Functions --- Function, Cognitive --- Functions, Cognitive --- Concept Formations --- Formation, Concept --- Formations, Concept --- Explanation (Philosophy) --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- Thought --- Thoughts --- Knowledge, Theory of --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/Psychology/Cognitive Psychology --- Épistémologie --- Explication.

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Cognition. --- Cognitive science. --- Cognition --- Cognitive science --- Cognitive Science --- Mental Processes --- Psychology --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Behavioral Sciences --- Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Social Sciences --- Proxemics --- Behavioral Science --- Proxemic --- Science, Behavioral --- Sciences, Behavioral --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Factors, Psychological --- Psychological Factors --- Psychological Side Effects --- Psychologists --- Psychosocial Factors --- Side Effects, Psychological --- Factor, Psychological --- Factor, Psychosocial --- Factors, Psychosocial --- Psychological Factor --- Psychological Side Effect --- Psychologist --- Psychosocial Factor --- Side Effect, Psychological --- Human Information Processing --- Information Processing, Human --- Cognitive Sciences --- Science, Cognitive --- Sciences, Cognitive --- Cognitive Function --- Cognitions --- Cognitive Functions --- Function, Cognitive --- Functions, Cognitive --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- Science --- Philosophy of mind

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Creative Cognition combines original experiments with existing work in cognitive psychology to provide the first explicit account of the cognitive processes and structures that contribute to creative thinking and discovery.Creative Cognition combines original experiments with existing work in cognitive psychology to provide the first explicit account of the cognitive processes and structures that contribute to creative thinking and discovery.In separate chapters, the authors take up visualization, concept formation, categorization, memory retrieval, and problem solving. They describe novel experimental methods for studying creative cognitive processes under controlled laboratory conditions, along with techniques that can be used to generate many different types of inventions and concepts. Unlike traditional approaches, Creative Cognition considers creativity as a product of numerous cognitive processes, each of which helps to set the stage for insight and discovery. It identifies many of these processes as well as general principles of creative cognition that can be applied across a variety of different domains, with examples in artificial intelligence, engineering design, product development, architecture, education, and the visual arts.Following a summary of previous approaches to creativity, the authors present a theoretical model of the creative process. They review research involving an innovative imagery recombination technique, developed by Finke, that clearly demonstrates that creative inventions can be induced in the laboratory. They then describe experiments in category learning that support the provocative claim that the factors constraining category formation similarly constrain imagination and illustrate the role of various memory processes and other strategies in creative problem solving.

Creative thinking --- Cognition --- Imagery (Psychology) --- Visualization --- Mental Processes --- Perception --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Visual Perception --- Social Sciences --- Psychology --- Cognitive Function --- Cognitions --- Cognitive Functions --- Function, Cognitive --- Functions, Cognitive --- Perception, Visual --- Perceptions, Visual --- Visual Perceptions --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Perceptions --- Visualisation --- Imagery, Mental --- Images, Mental --- Mental imagery --- Mental images --- Creative thinking (Education) --- Human Information Processing --- Information Processing, Human --- Pensée créatrice --- Imagerie (Psychologie) --- Vision, Ocular --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- Sensation --- Imagination --- Visual perception --- Creative ability --- Thought and thinking --- Cognitive psychology --- Affective and dynamic functions --- Semiotics --- Cognition. --- Creative thinking. --- Imagery (Psychology). --- Visualization. --- Pensée créatrice --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/Psychology/Cognitive Psychology