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This topic covers emerging knowledge about the properties and functions of the outer membranes of chloroplasts and mitochondria. These outer membranes house various processes necessary for efficient communication and thus integration of the organelles with and into their surroundings in the cytoplasm. Such processes include, but are not limited to, protein import, organelle division, organelle movement, metabolism, and metabolite/ion transport. Recent molecular genetic, biochemical and cell biological studies have revealed functions of various outer membrane proteins. These findings have helped address and generate diverse biological and evolutionary questions at molecular, cellular and whole organism levels. The topic should encourage contributions of scientists from various disciplines and thus would provide the field with opportunities to "think outside the box" and to develop potential collaborations. The topic is also aimed to stimulate interests of general audience in the outer membranes of chloroplasts and mitochondria.

galactolipid --- outer membrane --- Mitochondria --- seedling-lethal --- chloroplast --- Arabidopsis --- Tail-anchor --- TOC --- protein import --- Toc159

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
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This topic covers emerging knowledge about the properties and functions of the outer membranes of chloroplasts and mitochondria. These outer membranes house various processes necessary for efficient communication and thus integration of the organelles with and into their surroundings in the cytoplasm. Such processes include, but are not limited to, protein import, organelle division, organelle movement, metabolism, and metabolite/ion transport. Recent molecular genetic, biochemical and cell biological studies have revealed functions of various outer membrane proteins. These findings have helped address and generate diverse biological and evolutionary questions at molecular, cellular and whole organism levels. The topic should encourage contributions of scientists from various disciplines and thus would provide the field with opportunities to "think outside the box" and to develop potential collaborations. The topic is also aimed to stimulate interests of general audience in the outer membranes of chloroplasts and mitochondria.

galactolipid --- outer membrane --- Mitochondria --- seedling-lethal --- chloroplast --- Arabidopsis --- Tail-anchor --- TOC --- protein import --- Toc159

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
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Mitochondria are the powerhouses of cells; however, mitochondrial dysfunction causes energy depletion and cell death in a variety of diseases. Altered oxidative phosphorylation and ion homeostasis are associated with ROS production resulting from the disassembly of respiratory supercomplexes and the disruption of electron transfer chains. In pathological conditions, the dysregulation of mitochondrial homeostasis promotes Ca2+ overload in the matrix and ROS accumulation, which induces the mitochondrial permeability transition pore formation responsible for mitochondrial morphological changes linked to membrane dynamics, and ultimately, cell death. Finally, studies on the impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics in pathology could provide molecular tools to counteract diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Biochemistry --- aging heart --- Bcl-2 family --- mitochondria --- programmed cell death --- fatty acid oxidation --- palmitate --- oleate --- m.3243A&gt --- G mutation --- MT-ATP6 --- m.8909T&gt --- C --- ATP synthase --- nephropathy --- oxidative phosphorylation --- mitochondrial disease --- cardiolipin --- Barth syndrome --- Sengers syndrome --- respiratory chain --- Dilated Cardiomyopathy with Ataxia --- cardiomyopathy --- mammalian complex I --- NADH dehydrogenase --- complex I assembly --- complex I structure --- complex I deficiency --- supernumerary subunits --- electron transport chain --- mitochondrial dysfunction --- Leigh syndrome --- mitochondrial diseases --- yeast --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- pet mutants --- pancreatic endocrine cells --- mathematical model --- cellular bioenergetics --- diabetes --- glucagon --- insulin --- exercise --- immune system --- metabolic disease --- COVID-19 --- mitochondrial dynamics --- viral infections --- MAVS --- RIG-I --- MDA5 --- innate immune response --- SARS CoV-2 --- RSV --- influenza --- respiratory supercomplexes --- ROS --- ATP synthase/hydrolase --- mitochondrial permeability transition pore --- cristae --- cellular signaling --- human disease --- mitochondrial dynamic --- cell signaling --- cancer --- respiratory complexes --- oxidative stress --- mitochondrial DNA --- MTCYB mutations --- cytochrome b --- complex III --- aging --- energy metabolism --- entorhinal cortex --- lipoxidation-derived damage --- neurodegeneration --- oxidative damage --- protein import --- respiratory complex assembly --- supercomplexes --- mitochondrial proteostasis --- heart failure --- bioenergetics --- assembly factor --- atypical myopathy --- high-resolution respirometry --- toxicity assays --- cell culture --- equine primary myoblasts --- fibroblasts --- frozen tissue --- leukocytes --- oxygen consumption --- platelets --- respirometry --- skeletal muscle