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Nowadays, most of Western consumers are aware that a targeted diet could be an important tool for fighting ageing and diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Microorganisms may be exploited for setting up novel foods that, beside their nutritional value, may positively impact on consumers’ health. Some microorganisms may benefit host when ingested as viable cells carried by food and beverages. This falls in the intriguing field of probiotics, recently brought forward by the numerous probiotic claims rejected by the European Food Safety Authority. This research topic includes research articles and reviews/perspectives that (i) contribute to understand the mechanism underlying the health effects of probiotic microorganisms; (ii) show integrated approaches for selecting new probiotics; (iii) report about non-dairy food items as novel carriers of probiotics; and (iv) deal with biologically active compounds from microorganisms.

probiotic --- gut microbiome --- lactobacilli --- Fermentation --- Health claim

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

probiotic --- Fermentation --- lactobacilli --- gut microbiome --- Health claim

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Probiotics. --- Probiotic --- Pediococcus pentosaceus --- Prebiotics --- Probiotic supplements --- Dietary supplements --- Microorganisms --- Gastrointestinal system --- Microbiology --- Probiotics

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Probiotics: Advanced Food and Health Applications presents the functional properties and advanced technological aspects of probiotics for food formulation, nutrition, and health implications. Specifically, the book addresses the fundamentals of probiotics, from their discovery to actual developments, the microbiological aspects of the main genus showing probiotic properties, the natural occurrence of probiotic strains in foods, the development of nutraceuticals based on probiotics, and the relationship of probiotics to health. The book also includes a discussion on regulatory aspects.

Probiotics. --- Probiotic supplements --- Dietary supplements --- Microorganisms --- Gastrointestinal system --- Microbiology --- Probiotics

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Les probiotiques sont couramment utilisés en médecine vétérinaire et humaine pour aider les patients souffrant de diarrhée. Ils contiennent des microorganismes comme les lactobacilles, les entérocoques, ou encore les bifidobactéries. Leur mode d’action est complexe et varie en fonction de la souche utilisée. Ils sont capables, entre autre, de moduler la réponse immunitaire, d’agir sur le microbiote ou encore de produire des composés antibactériens. Bien qu’il faille rester prudent dans leur utilisation, ils n’ont jamais été rapportés comme néfastes. Au contraire, ils peuvent s’avérer très utiles en cas de diarrhées chez le chien. L’impact des probiotiques sur les chiens atteints de diarrhée a été analysé. Lorsque cette dernière survient plutôt de manière aiguë, le probiotique permet d’améliorer la clinique du chien en réduisant la durée des symptômes. Si la diarrhée finit par s’installer et qu’elle devient chronique, le probiotique apporte alors un effet anti-inflammatoire à bas bruit et module la perméabilité cellulaire au niveau des jonction serrées de l’intestin, sans toutefois apporter d’amélioration clinique notable. Dans les deux cas, le microbiote est altéré lors de diarrhée, le probiotique permet alors de revenir à une flore saine plus facilement. Les probiotiques sont donc une part importante du traitement de la diarrhée, seuls ou en association avec les thérapies usuelles (antibiotiques, changements alimentaires,…) et méritent d’être encore longuement étudiés afin de combler certaines données manquantes dans la littérature.

dogs --- diarrhea --- probiotic --- Sciences du vivant > Médecine vétérinaire & santé animale