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The traditional definition of torts involves bizarre, idiosyncratic events where a single plaintiff with a physical impairment sues the specific defendant he believes to have wrongfully caused that malady. Yet public attention has focused increasingly on mass personal-injury lawsuits over asbestos, cigarettes, guns, the diet drug fen-phen, breast implants, and, most recently, Vioxx. Richard A. Nagareda's Mass Torts in a World of Settlement is the first attempt to analyze the lawyer's role in this world of high-stakes, multibillion-dollar litigation.These mass s

Torts --- Class actions (Civil procedure) --- Complex litigation --- law school, legal, higher ed, lawyer, college, university, testing, plaintiff, impairment, impaired, sue, courtroom, court, case, wrongful, illness, malady, injury, mistreatment, academic, scholarly, research, personal, asbestos, cigarettes, guns, fen phen, implants, vioxx, system, policymaker, lawmaker, investor, united states, usa, america, american.

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In recent years, a number of European countries abolished national border controls in favor of Europe's external frontiers. In doing so, they challenged long-established conceptions of sovereignty, territoriality, and security in world affairs. Setting forth a new analytic framework informed by constructivism and pragmatism, Ruben Zaiotti traces the transformation of underlying assumptions and cultural practices guiding European policymakers and postnational Europe, shedding light on current trends characterizing its politics and relations with others. The book also includes a fascinating comparison to developments in North America, where the United States has pursued more restrictive border control strategies since 9/11. As a broad survey of the origins, evolution, and implications of this remarkable development in European integration, Cultures of Border Control will be of interest to students and scholars of international relations and political geography.

Border security --- History --- Schengen Agreement --- Europe --- Boundaries --- Politics and government --- europe, european, borders, immigration, politics, political, poli sci, science, frontier, sovereignty, territory, territorial, security, international, global, constructivism, pragmatism, culture, cultural, policymaker, postnational, policies, restrictions, 9/11, wartime, controversial, government, schengen agreement, 1980s, contemporary, modern, 20th century. --- Schengen Agreement. --- Sécurité frontalière --- Histoire --- Frontières --- Politique et gouvernement

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Because the actions of multinational corporations have a clear and direct effect on the flow of capital throughout the world, how and why these firms behave the way they do is a major issue for national governments and their policymakers. With an unprecedented ability to adjust the scale, character, and location of their global operations, international corporations have become increasingly sensitive to the kind and degree of tax obligations imposed on them by both host and home countries. Tax rules affect the volume of foreign direct investment, corporate borrowing, transfer pricing, dividend and royalty payments, and research and development. National governments that tax the profits of international firms face important challenges in designing tax policies to attract them. This collection examines the global ramifications of tax policies, offering up-to-date, theoretically innovative, and empirically sound perspectives on a problem of immense significance to future economic growth around the globe.

Investments, Foreign --- Taxation --- 336.2 --- -Capital exports --- Capital imports --- FDI (Foreign direct investment) --- Foreign direct investment --- Foreign investment --- Foreign investments --- International investment --- Offshore investments --- Outward investments --- Capital movements --- Investments --- Belastingsakkoorden. Belastingswezen --- -Belastingsakkoorden. Belastingswezen --- Investments, Foreign. --- Taxation. --- 336.2 Belastingen. Belastingswezen. Openbare financien. Belastingspolitiek. Belastingstheorie. Belastingsharmonisatie. Fiskale politiek. Belastingsleer. Belastingsdruk. Belastingstechniek. Belastingsstelsel.Belastingstarief --- 336.2 Belastingsakkoorden. Belastingswezen --- Belastingen. Belastingswezen. Openbare financien. Belastingspolitiek. Belastingstheorie. Belastingsharmonisatie. Fiskale politiek. Belastingsleer. Belastingsdruk. Belastingstechniek. Belastingsstelsel.Belastingstarief --- Capital exports --- E-books --- Investments, Foreign - Taxation --- taxes, tax, global, corporate, corporation, academic, scholarly, research, capital, money, financial, finance, economy, economics, economic, currency, wealth, income, national, government, policy, policymaker, taxation, pricing, borrowing, debt, foreign, investment, price, policies, developing, country, trade, stock, prices, multinational.

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Pensions in the U.S. Economy is the fourth in a series on pensions from the National Bureau of Economic Research. For both economists and policymakers, this volume makes a valuable contribution to current research on pensions and the economics of the elderly. The contributors report on retirement saving of individuals and the saving that results from corporate funding of pension plans, and they examine particular aspects of the plans themselves from the employee's point of view. Steven F. Venti and David A. Wise offer a careful analysis of who contributes to IRAs and why. Benjamin M. Friedman and Mark Warshawsky look at the reasons more retirement saving is not used to purchase annuities. Personal saving through pension contribution is discussed by B. Douglas Bernheim and John B. Shoven in the context of recent government and corporate pension funding changes. Michael J. Boskin and John B. Shoven analyze indicators of the economic well-being of the elderly, addressing the problem of why a large fraction of the elderly remain poor despite a general improvement in the economic status of the group as a whole. The relative merits of defined contribution versus defined benefit plans, with emphasis on the risk aspects of the two types of plans for the individual, are examined by Zvi Bodie, Alan J. Marcus, and Robert C. Merton. In the final paper, pension plans and worker turnover are the focus of the discussion by Edward P. Lazear and Robert L. Moore, who propose pension option value rather than the commonly used accrued pension wealth as a measure of pension value.

Social security law --- United States --- Pension trusts --- Individual retirement accounts --- Congresses. --- US / United States of America - USA - Verenigde Staten - Etats Unis --- 368.43 --- 332.832 --- NBB congres --- Ouderdomsverzekering. Voorbarige dood. Weduwen en wezen. --- Pensioen. Brugpensioen. --- Conferences - Meetings --- Employee pension trusts --- Pension funds --- Pension plans --- Trusts and trustees --- IRAs (Individual retirement accounts) --- Registered retirement savings plans --- Retirement accounts, Individual --- R.R.S.P.s (Registered retirement savings plans) --- RRSPs (Registered retirement savings plans) --- Accounts --- Tax planning --- 401(k) plans --- Congresses --- Pensioen. Brugpensioen --- Ouderdomsverzekering. Voorbarige dood. Weduwen en wezen --- Superannuation schemes --- E-books --- Pension trusts - United States - Congresses. --- Individual retirement accounts - United States - Congresses. --- jobs, career, workplace, work, united states, usa, america, american, finance, financial, wealth, income, money, national, bureau, economic, research, economist, policymaker, policy, elderly, employee, ira, contribution, savings, retirement, annuities, government, corporate, benefit, plans, value, individual, accounts, essay collection, funding, safety net, turnover, poverty. --- United States of America

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As the Clinton administration considers major overhauls in health insurance, welfare, and labor market regulation, it is important for economists and policymakers to understand the impact of social and welfare programs on employment rates. This volume explores how programs such as social security, income transfers, and child care in Western Europe, the United States, and Japan have affected labor market flexibility-the ability of workers to adjust to fast-growing segments of the economy. Does tying health insurance to employment limit job mobility? Do housing policies inhibit workers from moving to new jobs in different areas? What are the effects of daycare and maternity leave policies on working mothers? The authors explore these and many other questions in an effort to understand why European unemployment rates are so high compared with the U.S. rate. Through an examination of diverse data sets across different countries, the authors find that social protection programs do not strongly affect labor market flexibility. A valuable comparison of labor markets and welfare programs, this book demonstrates how social protection policies have affected employment rates around the globe.

Labour market --- Social policy --- Social security law --- Social security --- Labor market --- Congresses. --- 36 --- 331.5 --- -Labor market --- -#ECO:01.14:economie sociale zekerheid pensioenen gezondheid werkloosheidsuitkering --- AA / International- internationaal --- 330.580 --- 336.024 --- 368.40 --- 332.630 --- NBB congres --- Employees --- Market, Labor --- Supply and demand for labor --- Markets --- Insurance, Social --- Insurance, State and compulsory --- Social insurance --- Insurance --- Income maintenance programs --- Maatschappelijk werk --- Arbeidsmarkt. Werkgelegenheid --(algemeen) --- Congresses --- Gecontroleerde economie. Geleide economie. Welvaarststaat. Algemeenheden. --- Sociale begroting, rekeningen en uitgaven. Gezondheid. --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden. --- Strijd tegen de werkloosheid: algemeen. Theorie en beleid van de werkgelegenheid. Volledige werkgelegenheid. --- Supply and demand --- congresses. --- 331.5 Arbeidsmarkt. Werkgelegenheid --(algemeen) --- 36 Maatschappelijk werk --- #ECO:01.14:economie sociale zekerheid pensioenen gezondheid werkloosheidsuitkering --- Gecontroleerde economie. Geleide economie. Welvaarststaat. Algemeenheden --- Strijd tegen de werkloosheid: algemeen. Theorie en beleid van de werkgelegenheid. Volledige werkgelegenheid --- Sociale begroting, rekeningen en uitgaven. Gezondheid --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden --- Policies --- Of --- Government --- E-books --- 36 Safeguarding the mental and material necessities of life --- Safeguarding the mental and material necessities of life --- 36 Waarborgen van de mentale en materiële behoeften van het leven; maatschappelijk werk --- Waarborgen van de mentale en materiële behoeften van het leven; maatschappelijk werk --- Social security - Congresses --- Labor market - Congresses --- society, economy, economics, clinton, administration, history, historical, america, american, united states, usa, health, insurance, welfare, labor, market, marketplace, regulation, economist, policymaker, employment, jobs, workplace, worker, social security, income, transfer, child care, western, europe, international, japan, flexibility, daycare, maternity leave, unemployment, essay collection.